Abstract: Described herein is a technique capable of efficiently removing a foreign substance in a reaction tube. According to one aspect of the technique, there is provided a substrate processing apparatus including: a reaction tube in which a substrate is processed; and a substrate retainer including a plurality of support columns configured to support the substrate, wherein at least one among the plurality of the support columns includes: a hollow portion through which an inert gas is supplied; and a gas supply port through which the inert gas is supplied toward an inner wall of the reaction tube.

Abstract: A prescription capable of avoiding induction of inflammatory cytokine production caused by a STING agonistic compound in a cancer patient, when suppressing the progression of, suppressing the recurrence of and/or treating cancer by the STING agonistic compound, is provided. A prescription that a STING agonistic compound is administered in combination with an adrenal corticosteroid when suppressing the progression of, suppressing the recurrence of and/or treating cancer. Methods for avoiding an induction of inflammatory cytokine production by administering the prescription in combination with an adrenal corticosteroid when administering a STING agonistic compound at reduced dosage in combination with an anti-neoplastic agent.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method for identifying a patient with malignant tumor on which the effect of an immune checkpoint inhibitor can be more expected, and agents for suppressing the progression of, suppressing the recurrence of, and/or treating malignant tumor, characterized by prescriptions based on those. The present invention can provide agents for suppressing the progression of, suppressing the recurrence of, and/or treating malignant tumor, characterized by prescriptions based on identifying a patient with a malignant tumor on which the effect of an immune checkpoint inhibitor can be more expected, by analyzing the evaluation items consisting of combinations such as the PD-1 expression intensity, the percentage of the number of PD-1 expressing cells and the like in Treg cells and CD8+ T cells in tumor tissue or blood.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for treating brain tumors, as well as a medicament for treating brain tumors. Provided is a medicament for treating brain tumors, the medicament containing a combination of 4-[4-cyano-2-({[(2?R,4S)-6-(isopropylcarbamoyl)-2,3-dihydrospiro[chromene-4,1?-cyclopropan]-2?-yl]carbonyl}amino)phenyl]butanoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an anti-PD-1 antibody. The combination exhibits an excellent effect for treating brain tumors, and is thus useful to treat brain tumors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pretreatment method of a sample for detecting HBs antigen, which is a surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus, and a method for detecting HBs antigen utilizing the pretreatment method. The present invention also relates to a pretreatment reagent kit for detecting HBs antigen.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for treating brain tumors, as well as a medicament for treating brain tumors. Provided is a medicament for treating brain tumors, the medicament containing a combination of 4-[4-cyano-2-({[(2?R,4S)-6-(isopropylcarbamoyl)-2,3-dihydrospiro[chromene-4,1?-cyclopropan]-2?-yl]carbonyl}amino)phenyl]butanoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an anti-PD-1 antibody. The combination exhibits an excellent effect for treating brain tumors, and is thus useful to treat brain tumors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substance specific to human PD-1 comprising a part that recognizes human PD-1, a part that recognizes a membrane protein in cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells, and linkers. Since the substance specific to human PD-1 selectively can recognize human PD-1 and a membrane protein on cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells and can transmit inhibitory signal of human PD-1, it is useful for therapy and/or prevention of diseases caused by immunopathy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pretreatment method of a sample for detecting HBs antigen, which is a surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus, and a method for detecting HBs antigen utilizing the pretreatment method. The present invention also relates to a pretreatment reagent kit for detecting HBs antigen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substance specific to human PD-1 comprising a part that recognizes human PD-1, a part that recognizes a membrane protein in cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells, and linkers. Since the substance specific to human PD-1 selectively can recognize human PD-1 and a membrane protein on cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells and can transmit inhibitory signal of human PD-1, it is useful for therapy and/or prevention of diseases caused by immunopathy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substance specific to human PD-1 comprising a part that recognizes human PD-1, a part that recognizes a membrane protein in cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells, and linkers. Since the substance specific to human PD-1 selectively can recognize human PD-1 and a membrane protein on cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells and can transmit inhibitory signal of human PD-1, it is useful for therapy and/or prevention of diseases caused by immunopathy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substance specific to human PD-1 comprising a part that recognizes human PD-1, a part that recognizes a membrane protein in cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells, and linkers. Since the substance specific to human PD-1 selectively can recognize human PD-1 and a membrane protein on cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells and can transmit inhibitory signal of human PD-1, it is useful for therapy and/or prevention of diseases caused by immunopathy.

Abstract: A treatment solution for preparing a sample solution for nucleic acid amplification reaction is described. The treatment solution comprises dimethyl sulfoxide and aqueous solvent. The sample solution prepared by treating a biological sample with the treatment solution is used in the amplification reaction of a nucleic acid, whereby the nucleic acid can be efficiently recovered from a biological sample, and the influence of an inhibitor during nucleic acid amplification can be effectively reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substance specific to human PD-1 comprising a part that recognizes human PD-1, a part that recognizes a membrane protein in cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells, and linkers. Since the substance specific to human PD-1 selectively can recognize human PD-1 and a membrane protein on cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells and can transmit inhibitory signal of human PD-1, it is useful for therapy and/or prevention of diseases caused by immunopathy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substance specific to human PD-1 comprising a part that recognizes human PD-1, a part that recognizes a membrane protein in cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells, and linkers. Since the substance specific to human PD-1 selectively can recognize human PD-1 and a membrane protein on cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells and can transmit inhibitory signal of human PD-1, it is useful for therapy and/or prevention of diseases caused by immunopathy.

Abstract: An input device that inputs information by a slide operation depending on an operation body contains a housing including an operation surface, a detection unit that is provided in the housing and detects a slide position inputted by a slide operation depending on the operation body, and an operation unit that covers at least a portion of the detection unit and is slide-operated along the operation surface of the housing. The operation unit has a convex shape which becomes thicker along the sliding direction from one portion of the operation surface of the housing and also which becomes thinner toward the other portion of the operation surface thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substance specific to human PD-1 comprising a part that recognizes human PD-1, a part that recognizes a membrane protein in cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells, and linkers. Since the substance specific to human PD-1 selectively can recognize human PD-1 and a membrane protein on cell membrane of human PD-1-expressing cells and can transmit inhibitory signal of human PD-1, it is useful for therapy and/or prevention of diseases caused by immunopathy.

Abstract: There are provided: a method for pretreating a sample for HCV core protein detection by an immunoassay using particles, which includes treating a sample suspected of containing hepatitis C virus (HCV) with an alkaline material-containing reagent and neutralizing the sample with an acid material-containing reagent, wherein at least one of the reagents contains a reducing agent; a reagent kit for HCV core protein detection; a method for determining the presence or absence of hepatitis C virus in a sample; and a method for immunoassay of HCV.

Abstract: An anti-HBs monoclonal antibody is described herein. This antibody can bind to the following: (i) a wild type HBsAg; (ii) at least one mutant HBsAg selected from the group consisting of a first mutant HBsAg and a second mutant HBsAg; and (iii) at least one mutant HBsAg selected from the group consisting of a third mutant HBsAg and a fourth mutant HBsAg. The first mutant HBsAg has a mutation at position 120. The second mutant HBsAg has a mutation at position 141. The third mutant HBsAg has a substitution to a lysine at position 118. The fourth mutant HBsAg has only one mutation at position 144 and an amino acid at the position 144 is substituted by a glutamic acid.

Abstract: A register mark detecting apparatus detects a transparent register mark printed on a conveyed transparent web. The register mark detecting apparatus includes a light source, a parallel light flux irradiation optical system, a collective optical system, a knife-edge, and a light receiving element. The parallel light flux irradiation optical system converts a light flux from the light source into a parallel light flux to irradiate a transparent web with the parallel light flux. The collective optical system collects the light flux transmitted through the transparent web. The knife-edge is disposed near a back focus of the collective optical system. The knife-edge interrupts the light flux going straight in the transparent web and causes only the light flux refracted by being transmitted through the transparent register mark to pass by. The light receiving element receives the light flux transmitted through the knife-edge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by formula (I), a salt thereof, an N-oxide thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof, and medical use thereof (the symbols in the formula are as described in the specification). The compound represented by formula (I) has chemokine receptor (especially in CCR4 and/or CCR5) antagonistic activity. Therefore it is useful for prevention and/or treatment of a chemokine receptor-mediated disease such as inflammatory and/or allergic diseases [systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid reaction, allergic angiitis, transplant rejection reaction, hepatitis, nephritis, nephropathy, pancreatitis, rhinitis, arthritis, inflammatory ocular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, disease in cerebro and/or circulatory system, respiratory disease, dermatosis, autoimmune disease, and the like], infection [viral disease (human immunodeficiency virus infection, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, SARS, etc.