Abstract: A disk pass portion for receiving a part of a disk is provided between a cylinder portion and an outer claw portion of a caliper body at the inner peripheral side of a bridge portion of the caliper body. A pair of mounting portions extend arcuately from both sides of the bridge portion to lie outside the disk pass portion with respect to the radial direction of the disk. A pair of sliding pins are secured to the distal ends of the mounting portions through pin bolts and slidably fitted in pin-fitting holes provided in a mounting member supporting the caliper. When the brake is activated, friction pads are pressed against the disk by the caliper. At this time, deformation of the caliper by reaction forces from the disk is small around the area where proximal portions of the mounting portions are connected to the caliper body.

Abstract: A disk brake in which a cylinder bore of a caliper is decentered toward the exit side in the rotational direction of a disk with respect to friction pads, and claw portions of the caliper are also decentered toward the exit side with respect to the friction pads. The entrance-side and exit-side claw portions have approximately the same wall thickness in the circumferential direction of the disk. When the brake is activated, the claw portions exhibit approximately the same rigidity so that the surface pressure of each claw portion pressing the outer friction pad can is kept uniform, and non-uniform.

Abstract: Two shim plates provided for a friction pad are arranged to be slidable relative to each other in the circumferential direction of a disk, thereby suppressing the transmission of rotational force from the disk to a caliper through the friction pad and so forth during a braking operation. A friction pad including a lining and a backing plate is disposed between the disk and an outer leg portion of the caliper. An inner shim plate is integrally mounted on the back of the backing plate. An outer shim plate is disposed between the inner shim plate and the outer leg portion of the caliper in such a manner as to be slidable relative to the inner shim plate in the circumferential direction of the disk. During a braking operation, when the friction pad pressed by the caliper is circumferentially displaced by being dragged by the disk, the inner shim plate, together with the friction pad, slides relative to the outer shim plate, thereby reducing rotational force transmitted from the disk to the caliper.

Abstract: A disc brake includes a carrier with a pair of axially and outwardly extending arms. A pair of pad springs are mounted to the inner side of the arms. Each of the pad springs has a pair of return springs. The return springs extend radially of a rotor and have respective projections. Each of the return spring is made by bending an elongated tongue. A pair of backing plates are attached to a corresponding pair of friction pads and have lugs. A wear warning element is attached adjacent to the lug of each backing plate and has a bent portion. Each of the projections is resiliently in contact with the inner side of the bent portion so as to constantly urge the backing plate and the friction pad in a direction away from the rotor.

Abstract: A pair of arms have opposite bearing portions between which disc-passing regions are defined. Each of the disc-passing regions has a centerline offset outwardly from the centerline of a disc. A pair of pad springs have respective engagement regions engaged with the disc-passing regions. By this arrangement, a pair of inboard and outboard return springs are laterally symmetrical with respect to the centerline of the disc-passing region or pad spring. The return springs are deformed to cause their free ends or bias portions to be resiliently contacted with the inner surface of bent portions of wear warning elements. This enables the amount of deformation of the outboard return springs to be greater than the amount of deformation of the inboard return springs. Thus, the outboard return springs exert a force greater than that of the inboard return springs.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition includes 40-75 parts by weight of a polyamide resin (A), 5-30 parts by weight of a modified polyphenylene ether (B) which is a polyphenylene ether modified with an .beta., .beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, 1-30 parts by weight of an aromatic vinyl compound-aliphatic hydrocarbon copolymer (C), and 1-30 parts by weight of an ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer (D) or a polypropylene resin (E) with the total amount of the components (A), (B), (C), and (D) or (E) being 100 parts by weight. The polyamide resin (A) is present as a matrix phase and the other components (B), (C), and (D) or (E) are present as a disperse phase consisting of core-shell structure grains, in each of which grains the modified polyphenylene ether (B) forms a shell phase, the aromatic vinyl compound-aliphatic hydrocarbon copolymer (C) forms an intermediate phase and the ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer(D) or the polypropylene resin (E) forms a core phase.

Abstract: An active noise eliminating system comprises microphones for detecting residual noise, speakers for generating noise elimination sound for interference with the residual noise, a noise generating condition sensor for generating noise condition, a controller for generating noise elimination signals inputted to the speakers and determined by the detected residual noise signals and the detected noise condition signal in accordance with a control algorithm including transfer functions between the speakers and microphones respectively. The transfer functions are updated on the basis of a test signal generated when noise sound diverges.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing periodical noises transmitted from a noise source into a vehicle passenger compartment. The apparatus comprises control sound sources for producing control sounds in the vehicle passenger compartment, residual noise sensors for detecting the residual noises in the vehicle passenger compartment, transfer function filters modeled on transfer function between the control sound sources and the residual noise sensors, and adaptive digital filters having variable filter coefficients. A reference signal is produced in the form of a series of impulses having the same period as the noises. The transfer function filters are convoluted with the reference signal to produce reference processed signals. The adaptive digital filters are convoluted with the reference signal to generate drive signals to drive the control sound sources.

Abstract: An apparatus for active reduction of noises transmitted from a noise source into a space. The active noise reduction apparatus comprises residual noise sensors for detecting the residual noises in the space. A reference signal is produced based upon the noise generating condition of the noise source. The reference signal is used, along with the detected residual noises, to drive control sound sources so as to reduce the noises in the space. A filter is adjusted to correspond to acoustic transfer characteristics between the control sound sources and the residual noise sensors. An identification sound is generated to correspond to the background noise level detected in the space and to the spectral distribution of the noises transmitted into the space. The coefficients of the filter are updated according to acoustic transfer characteristics between the control sound sources and the residual noise sensors.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space, e.g., a vehicular compartment using an FIR adaptive digital filter is disclosed in which a control circuit is provided which outputs drive signals to a plurality of loud speakers which generate control sounds to interfer with a noise sound propagated in the interior so that a performance function including terms of residual noise signals output from residual noise signal detecting microphones and drive signals to the loud speakers is minimized and contributivity of the drive signals to the performance function is changed according to an occurrence of divergence in the noise reducing apparatus.

Abstract: In an apparatus for reducing noises in a space, signals related to noise generating conditions of a plurality of noise sources are detected, a signal component of the detected signals is selected on the basis of determination of which signal component is predominant over the other signal component in the noises in the space, and the selected signal component is filtered through adaptively determined filter coefficients to output drive signals to control sound source, the filter coefficients being updated through a control algorithm so as to reduce a residual noise of a residual noise detector such as microphones. The signal components to be selected include a signal component having a relatively high auto-correlated function characteristic and a signal component having a random characteristic.

Abstract: In order to attenuate vibration which tends to be transmitted from a power unit to a vehicle passenger during the idling mode of engine operation, ERF filled engine mounts are arranged so that when neither of two orifice passages are restricted by impressing a voltage on ERF viscosity control electrodes included therein, the frequency at which the dynamic spring constant exhibits a minimum value is the same as the frequency at which the vibration transmission phase maximizes while one of the two orifice passages is restricted by the application of a voltage on the set of electrodes disposed therein. Rapid cyclic control of the dynamic spring constant and the vibration transmission phase for each mount used to support a power unit is carried out. This enables a desirable compromise in the control of the two different parameters.

Abstract: A vibration sensor is disposed at an evaluation point on the vehicle floor proximate the driver's seat. This sensor, in combination with one disposed on a electrically controllable engine mount, is used to determine the magnitude and orientation of a vector of vibration which reaches the evaluation point and which combines with other vibrational vectors in a manner which results in the generation of vibration at the evaluation point. A mount control signal is controlled in a manner which modifies the vibration vector and attenuates the vibration at the evaluation point.

Abstract: In order to improve vibration attenuation (during engine shake and idling for example), reduce power consumption and increase the longevity of elements associated with the application of a high voltage to electrodes which control the viscosity of an ERF in an orifice passage, the rate at which the ERF is flowing in the passage is estimated based on a relative displacement parameter or the like, and used to modify the actually applied voltage level.

Abstract: An engine mount includes a main working chamber and an expansion chamber. Orifice passages in which electrodes are disposed, fluidly connect the main and expansion chambers. An auxiliary chamber which is hermetically separated from the main working chamber by a flexible partition is in part defined by a diaphragm the external surface of which is exposed to atmospheric pressure. The auxiliary chamber contains an ERF which develops a higher viscosity than the ERF which fills the main and expansion chambers. When a voltage is impressed on electrodes in the auxiliary chamber the viscosity of the ERF increases and the flexure of the flexible elastomeric partition is prevented.

Abstract: A vibration damping device includes first and second accelerometers which are used to determine the relative displacement between a body and a base between which the device is operatively connected. The output of one of the accelerometers is also monitored in a manner to determine the frequency of the vibration. This data is processed in a manner to ascertain the timing when the phases of a vertical spring input (produced by the compression of an elastomeric member which defines the main spring of the damper) and an expansion spring input (produced the displacement of rheopetic fluid between first and second variable volume chamber and the associated expansion characeristics of the members defining the same) are reversed. Using this data and the vibration frequency data the timing with which a voltage should be applied to electrodes disposed in an orifice interposed between the first and second chambers to increase the viscosity of the rheopetic fluid and increase the flow resistance of the orifice.

Abstract: An ERF (electrorheopectic fluid) filled engine mount has a main working chamber and first and second auxiliary chambers. An orifice passage structure provides fluid communication between the main and first auxiliary chambers. A first set of electrode plates are disposed in the orifice passage structure in a manner which permits the viscosity of the ERF to be selectively controlled. The first auxiliary chamber exhibits a relatively small expansive spring characteristic. A transfer port provides fluid communication between the main working chamber and the second auxiliary chamber. The second auxiliary chamber exhibits a relatively large expansive spring characteristic and functions to attenuate relatively high frequency vibration. An on/off type valve device is disposed in the transfer port.

Abstract: An ERF filled engine mount includes a main working chamber and first and second auxiliary chambers. Orifice passages in which electrodes are disposed, fluidly connect the main working chamber with the first auxiliary chamber. A gutter is defined by a casing in which a movable member is disposed. This member is arranged to be moved (vibrated) by the pressure changes which occur in the main working chamber when the mount is subject to vibration which tend to cause cabin reverberation noise. An electrode is mounted on an electrically non-conductive portion of the casing structure and arranged to cooperate with a conductive portion thereof. This electrodes has a voltage impressed thereon during engine idle and shake modes and is de-energized when the reverberation noise inducing frequency is approached.

Abstract: An ERF filled engine mount features an annular member which is disposed within inner and outer coaxial tubular members. This member is formed with two short channels and one long one along its outer periphery. The short channels are formed so as to be essentially diametrically opposed sides of the annular member and to extend about 1/4 of the external perimeter thereof. The longer channel is axially offset from the two shorter ones and arranged to extend about 3/4 of the perimeter. The outer tubular member closes the channels and defines a pair of primary orifice passages and a single secondary one. An elastomeric member which operatively interconnects the inner and outer tubular members is formed to define a main chamber and an auxiliary one. Apertures formed in the ends of the passages permit the main and auxiliary chambers to communicate via the orifice passages.

Abstract: The acceleration which is induced by the vibration applied to the device is sensed along with the pressure which develops in an auxiliary or expansion chamber associated with the main working chamber. When the product of the pressure and the acceleration exhibits a predetermined characteristic, a voltage is applied to the electrodes in the orifice passage to increase the viscosity of the ERF.