Abstract: An optically anisotropic layered body including a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer, wherein the first optically anisotropic layer satisfies 220 nm<Re1(590)<330 nm, Re1(450)/Re1(550)?1.0, Re1(650)/Re1(550)?1.0, and 0.95<NZ1<2.00, and the second optically anisotropic layer satisfies 110 nm<Re2(590)<165 nm, Re2(450)/Re2(550)?1.0, Re2(650)/Re2(550)?1.0, and ?1.5?NZ2?0.00.

Abstract: A phase difference plate includes a phase difference plate P1 and a phase difference plate P2. An in-plane slow axis of the phase difference plate P1 is orthogonal to an in-plane slow axis of the phase difference plate P2. The phase difference plate P2 includes a layer of a liquid crystal material oriented in an in-plane direction. An in-plane retardation ReP2(?) at a wavelength ? nm of the phase difference plate P2 satisfies the following formulae (e1) and (e2): {Re2(400)?Re2(550)}/{Re2(550)?Re2(700)}<2.90 (e1), and Re2(400)/Re2(700)>1.13 (e2). An in-plane retardation ReP1(?) of the phase difference plate P1 at a wavelength ? nm and the in-plane retardation ReP2(?) of the phase difference plate P2 at the wavelength ? nm satisfy the following formulae (e4) and (e5): ReP1(550)>ReP2(550) (e4), and ReP1(400)/ReP1(700)<ReP2(400)/ReP2(700) (e5).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes, in this order from a light source side: a first polarizer; a liquid crystal cell in which an azimuth orientation direction of a liquid crystal substance is altered by an electric field parallel to a display surface; and a second polarizer. Absorption axes of the first and second polarizers are disposed in directions orthogonal to each other. The absorption axis of the first polarizer and an orientation axis of molecules of the liquid crystal substance are disposed in parallel to each other. The device further includes: a first substrate layer between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer; and no substrate layer or a second substrate layer as only one layer between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer. An in-plane direction of an optical axis of the first substrate layer is parallel to the absorption axis of the first polarizer.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic layered body including a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer, wherein each of refractive indices of the second optically anisotropic layer, in-plane retardations of the first optically anisotropic layer, thickness direction retardations of the second optically anisotropic layer, in-plane retardations of the optically anisotropic layered body, NZ factors of the optically anisotropic layered body, and thickness direction retardations Rth of the optically anisotropic layered body satisfies specific relationships.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic layered body including a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer, wherein the first optically anisotropic layer satisfies the following formula (1), the second optically anisotropic layer satisfies the following formula (2), and the optically anisotropic layered body satisfies the following formulae (3) and (4): nx1?ny1>nz1??Formula (1), ny2<nx2?nz2??Formula (2), Re(450)<Re(550)<Re(650)??Formula (3), and 0<NZ<1.0??Formula (4), wherein nx1, ny1, nz1, nx2, ny2, nz2, Re(450), Re(550), Re(650) and NZ are as defined in the Specification.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic layered body including a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer, wherein the first optically anisotropic layer satisfies 220 nm<Re1(590)<330 nm, Re1(450)/Re1(550)?1.0, Re1(650)/Re1(550)?1.0, and 0.95<NZ1<2.00, and the second optically anisotropic layer satisfies 110 nm<Re2(590)<165 nm, Re2(450)/Re2(550)?1.0, Re2(650)/Re2(550)?1.0, and ?1.5?NZ2?0.00.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic layered body including a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer, wherein each of refractive indices of the second optically anisotropic layer, in-plane retardations of the first optically anisotropic layer, thickness direction retardations of the second optically anisotropic layer, in-plane retardations of the optically anisotropic layered body, NZ factors of the optically anisotropic layered body, and thickness direction retardations Rth of the optically anisotropic layered body satisfies specific relationships.

Abstract: A phase difference plate including a layer of a liquid crystal material oriented in an in-plane direction, wherein an in-plane retardation Re(?) at a wavelength ? nm of the phase difference plate satisfes the following formulae (e1) and (e2): {Re(400)-Re(550)}/{Re(550)-Re(700)}<2.90 (e1), and Re(400)/Re(700) >1.13 (e2); as well as a multilayer phase difference plate including the same, a polarizing plate including the same, and an image display device including the same.

Abstract: A film sensor member for disposing on a visually recognizing side of a linear polarizer in an image display device including the linear polarizer, the member including a transparent electroconductive layer, a ?/4 plate, and a ?/2 plate in this order from the visually recognizing side, wherein the ?/4 plate is formed of a first thermoplastic resin containing an amorphous polymer having a glass transition temperature of 150° C. or higher or a crystallizable polymer having a melting point of 250° C. or higher, the ?/2 plate includes, in this order, a first outer layer formed of a second thermoplastic resin, an intermediate layer formed of a third thermoplastic resin containing an ultraviolet absorber, and a second outer layer formed of a fourth thermoplastic resin, and the ?/2 plate has an NZ factor of 1.1 to 3.0.

Abstract: A film sensor member for disposing on a visually recognizing side of a linear polarizer in an image display device including the linear polarizer, the member including a transparent electroconductive layer, a ?/4 plate, and a ?/2 plate in this order from the visually recognizing side, wherein the ?/4 plate is formed of a first thermoplastic resin containing an amorphous polymer having a glass transition temperature of 150° C. or higher or a crystallizable polymer having a melting point of 250° C. or higher, the ?/2 plate includes, in this order, a first outer layer formed of a second thermoplastic resin, an intermediate layer formed of a third thermoplastic resin containing an ultraviolet absorber, and a second outer layer formed of a fourth thermoplastic resin, and the ?/2 plate has an NZ factor of 1.1 to 3.0.

Abstract: An image display device including a ?/4 plate, a ?/2 plate, a linear polarizer, and an image display element disposed in this order from a visual recognition side, wherein the ?/2 plate has an NZ factor NZh satisfying 1.5?NZh.

Abstract: A circularly polarizing plate including a polarizing film, a ?/2 plate having a slow axis in a direction forming an angle of 22.5°±10° relative to an absorption axis of the polarizing film, a ?/4 plate having a slow axis in a direction forming an angle of 90°±20° relative to the absorption axis of the polarizing film, in this order, wherein the ?/2 plate and the ?/4 plate have different wavelength dispersions, an NZ factor of the ?/2 plate is 1.00±0.05, and an NZ factor of the ?/4 plate is 0.00±0.05; a method for producing the same, and a method for using the same.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic layer obtained by curing a liquid crystal composition containing a photopolymerizable liquid crystal compound, wherein a ratio of the photopolymerizable liquid crystal compound in the optically anisotropic layer is 25% by weight or less, and absorption values of the optically anisotropic layer satisfy specific relationship, the values being at local maximum absorption wavelengths for polarized light parallel to an orientation direction of the optically anisotropic layer and at local maximum absorption wavelengths for polarized light perpendicular to the orientation direction of the optically anisotropic layer within each of a first wavelength range of 230 nm or more and less than 300 nm and a second wavelength range of 300 nm or more and 400 nm or less.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes, in this order from a light source side: a first polarizer; a liquid crystal cell in which an azimuth orientation direction of a liquid crystal substance is altered by an electric field parallel to a display surface; and a second polarizer. Absorption axes of the first and second polarizers are disposed in directions orthogonal to each other. The absorption axis of the first polarizer and an orientation axis of molecules of the liquid crystal substance are disposed in parallel to each other. The device further includes: a first substrate layer between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer; and no substrate layer or a second substrate layer as only one layer between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer. An in-plane direction of an optical axis of the first substrate layer is parallel to the absorption axis of the first polarizer.

Abstract: A circularly polarizing plate including a polarizing film, a ?/2 plate having a slow axis in a direction forming an angle of 22.5°±10° relative to an absorption axis of the polarizing film, a ?/4 plate having a slow axis in a direction. forming an angle of 90°±20° relative to the absorption axis of the polarizing film, in this order, wherein the ?/2 plate and the ?/4 plate have different wavelength dispersions, an NZ factor of the ?/2 plate is 1.00±0.05, and an NZ factor of the ?/4 plate is 0.00±0.05, a method for producing the same, and a method for using the same.

Abstract: A retardation substrate is provided, which includes a substrate and an optically anisotropic solidified liquid crystal layer which is supported by the substrate and formed as a continuous film made from a same material. The solidified liquid crystal layer comprises first to third regions each having two sub-regions which are a sub-region A and a sub-region B, an in-plane birefringence of the 1A sub-region is larger than that of the 2A sub-region, the in-plane birefringence of the 3A sub-region is smaller than that of the 2A sub-region, and an in-plane birefringence of the 1B sub-region is the same as that of the 3B sub-region, smaller than that of the 1A sub-region and larger than that of the 3A sub-region.

Abstract: A retardation substrate is provided, which includes a substrate and an optically anisotropic solidified liquid crystal layer which is supported by the substrate and formed as a continuous film made from a same material. The solidified liquid crystal layer comprises first to third regions each having two sub-regions which are a sub-region A and a sub-region B, an in-plane birefringence of the 1A sub-region is larger than that of the 2A sub-region, the in-plane birefringence of the 3A sub-region is smaller than that of the 2A sub-region, and an in-plane birefringence of the 1B sub-region is the same as that of the 3B sub-region, smaller than that of the 1A sub-region and larger than that of the 3A sub-region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device may include a first substrate; a second substrate; a first polarizing plate on the first substrate; a second polarizing plate arranged on the second substrate, and so that a direction of an absorption axis of the second polarizing plate being perpendicular to a direction of an absorption axis of the first polarizing plate; a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; a color filter layer arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the first or the second substrate, the color filter layer having a plurality of pixels of two or more colors. The retardation thin film has in-plane birefringence index satisfying 0.75??n[fr]/?d[fr]?1.35 for a region corresponding to a reflection part of a pixel and satisfying ?n[t]<1.2 ×10?3 for a region corresponding to a transmission part of a pixel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbon fibrous structure which comprises a granular part and 2-20 pieces of carbon fibers each of which has an outside diameter of 15-100 nm and which are extend outwardly from the granular part, wherein the granular part is produced in a growth process of the carbon fibers, wherein the size of granular part is 1.3 or more of times larger than the outside diameter of the carbon fibers, and wherein the mean length of the carbon fibers is not more than 20 ?m. The carbon fibrous structure improves the physical properties of the matrix, such as electric, mechanical, or thermal properties, while maintaining the other properties of the matrix, even when added at a small amount.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device may include a first substrate; a second substrate; a first polarizing plate on the first substrate; a second polarizing plate arranged on the second substrate, and so that a direction of an absorption axis of the second polarizing plate being perpendicular to a direction of an absorption axis of the first polarizing plate; a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; a color filter layer arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the first or the second substrate, the color filter layer having a plurality of pixels of two or more colors. The retardation thin film has in-plane birefringence index satisfying 0.75??n[fr]/?d[fr]?1.35 for a region corresponding to a reflection part of a pixel and satisfying ?n[t]<1.2×10?3 for a region corresponding to a transmission part of a pixel.