Abstract: Signals with transmission frequencies from hand sets are received by a receiver. The whole frequency spectrum including the received signals whose frequency is converted by the receivers inverted by a signal processor. Then, the received signals included in the frequency spectrum inverted by the signal processor is converted by a transmitter and retransmitted as signals with reception frequencies of the hand sets. By using this communication apparatus, a communication system with fixed duplex intervals can be employed with a simple configuration at a low cost, transmission/reception frequencies can be readily set and duplex conversation between hand sets can be achieved.

Abstract: A variable replacement apparatus which replaces variable names in a text with corresponding variable values, each variable name formed by at least one character and each character in the variable name having a corresponding format. The apparatus includes a variable name extracting unit for extracting a variable name from the text. A variable value acquisition unit obtains a variable value corresponding to the variable name extracted by the variable name extracting unit. A variable name analyzing unit analyzes the corresponding format of each character forming the variable name and a variable value converting unit converts the variable value obtained by the variable value acquisition unit so that the variable value has a format which is determined in accordance with the corresponding format of each character forming the variable name. A variable replacing unit replaces the variable name in the text by the converted variable value.