Abstract: The bonding conditions for bonding a semiconductor chip to a film substrate are controlled to allow an adhesive positioned right under the junction between the first connection terminal of the film substrate and the bump electrode of a semiconductor chip to be pushed out to form an opening in the adhesive layer. As a result, the junction between the first connection terminal and the bump electrode floats from the upper surface of the adhesive layer and supports the semiconductor chip in the floating state. It follows that is possible to prevent crack occurrence derived from the difference in thermal expansion coefficient in the junction between the first connection terminal and the bump electrode, thereby ensuring a good electrical connection.

Abstract: Connection terminals are provided on the upper surface of a film substrate. Each terminal comprises an electrodeconnecting part and a circular reinforcing part connected to the distal end of the electrode-connecting part. Connection electrodes are provided at a predetermined pitch P on the lower surface of a semiconductor chip. The side length L of the connection electrodes and the pitch P may be reduced to accomplish fine pitching. In this case, the width T of the connection terminal is decreased to some extent, in consideration of the bonding precision. In spite of this, the reinforcing part of each connection terminal hardly peels from the film substrate if it has a diameter that is equal to the length L of the side of the connection electrode.

Abstract: For recording data on and reproducing data from an optical disk of a single spiral land/groove configuration, a header detector detects header regions on the optical disk, a PID error detector judges whether the address information read from the header regions is erroneous, using error detection codes, and detects the number of errors per sector. An error count comparator compares the number of errors per sector with a predetermined value, and a state judging circuit identifies the state of the optical disk device by causing transition to a higher or lower state according to the output of the error count comparator. The recording and reproduction are controlled according to the state thus identified.

Abstract: A conductive paste is loaded in circular holes made in a reinforcing film of a carrier tape which includes a film substrate and the reinforcing film, followed by applying a heat treatment to the conductive paste to form projecting electrodes consisting of solder. Then, the reinforcing film is peeled off to permit the projecting electrode to project from the film substrate.

Abstract: A matrix-type display device has a matrix display panel, a frame memory, and a graphics memory. Input image data are temporarily buffered in the graphics memory, then transferred to the frame memory and read out to drive the matrix display panel. Readout from the frame memory is cyclic, and is synchronized with a frame synchronization signal. A synchronizing circuit also synchronizes the transfer of data from the graphics memory to the frame memory with the frame synchronization signal, so that each displayed frame is generated from a single frame of image data, and not from parts of two different frames. Moving images can therefore be reproduced faithfully. This matrix-type display device is useful in mobile information-terminal equipment, such as mobile telephone sets.

Abstract: On the front surface of a single electroluminescent panel, there are provided a display panel, such as a liquid crystal display panel, for controlling transmission of light to perform display, and an operation panel having a plurality of operation switches and substantially transmitting light through at least a portion thereof which requires illumination. When the overall rear surfaces of the display panel and the liquid crystal display panel are adhered to the electroluminescent panel by an adhesive, the vibration sound generated from the electroluminescent panel can be reduced. Further, when an appropriate pigment is diffused into the adhesive, light for illuminating the display panel and the operation panel is adjusted to a desired color.

Abstract: An encoding system capable of preventing the overflow of a buffer and performing the encoding of a VOP within a predetermined time period even where the processing time period necessary for encoding each macroblock is not constant. In order to provide the encoding system, the maximum number of bits Tmax is set for each VOP, and the output of encoding unit and the output of fixed code output unit is switched and outputted so that the number of bits Sc of the VOP may not exceed the Tmax.

Abstract: As the video signals of macroblocks are coded, they are stored in a buffer. When the total code length of the stored macroblocks exceeds a predetermined value, all but the most recently coded macroblock are output from the buffer as a video packet, and the most recently coded macroblock is coded again. To minimize this occurrence, when each coded macroblock is stored, the code length of the next macroblock is predicted and added to the total length, and if the resulting sum exceeds the predetermined value, all of the coded macroblocks stored in the buffer are output as a video packet.

Abstract: An image encoding device is provided that can transmit encoded image data without lowering the frame rate even when the transmission speed of the transmission path is lowered. An encoded region designator (41, 42) selects the region that is to be encoded, in the input image, depending on the bit rate of the transmission path. Only such a region that is designated by the encoded region designator (41, 42) is encoded. The encoded region designator may be one which selects the region that is to be encoded, according to the bit rate of the transmission path, and the motion vector detected by the image encoding circuit (2). As an alternative, an encoded region designator may be used which selects the region that is to be encoded according to the bit rate of the transmission path, and the information on the designated region supplied from the outside.

Abstract: In a device for controlling rotation of a disk, if a determination is made that a signal is not normally detected by a pre-pit-region detection circuit, an error signal is obtained from a pulse generator to control the rotation of the disk. If a determination is made that a signal is normally detected by the pre-pit-region detection circuit and if the synchronizing signals are not normally detected at predetermined intervals, an error signal is obtained from the wobble signal so that the rotations of the disk are controlled. If a determination is made that synchronizing signals are detected by the pre-pit-region detection circuit at predetermined intervals, an error signal is obtained from clocks synchronized with the reproduced signal generated by the PLL circuit so that rotations of the disk are controlled.

Abstract: In order to reduce the power consumed by the circuit when the image data is transferred to a memory in a display means, a write region detecting means 8 is provided to detect the address region in the graphics memory 2 accessed for writing by the image data writing means 1, and only such data that is within the region including the addresses accessed by the writing means 1 is transferred to the memory 5 in the display means 4. The region including the accessed addresses may for example a rectangular region of from the minimum vertical direction address to the maximum vertical direction address Y among the accessed addresses, and from the minimum horizontal direction address to the maximum horizontal direction address among the accessed addresses.

Abstract: A videophone takes a live picture of the user, sends the live picture during part of a call, generates a processed picture different from the live picture, and sends the processed picture during another part of the call. The processed picture may be prepared in advance, or may be generated by combining the live picture with a prepared picture. Alternatively, the processed picture may be obtained by increasing a quantization coefficient of the live picture, producing a mosaic effect that disguises the live picture. The processed picture can be sent to protect the privacy of the videophone user, or to provide appropriate transition at the beginning or end of the call. The processed picture can also be sent when the call is placed on hold.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel has a contact terminal arrangement region in a central portion of a projected portion of a segment substrate. Segment terminals are arranged in an upper central portion of the contact terminal arrangement region. Common terminals are arranged on the left and right sides of the upper central portion so as to cross the segment terminals. A film wiring board has contact terminal portions respectively connected to the terminals in the contact terminal arrangement region. Therefore, the width of the film wiring board along its entire length can be smaller than that of the display region. Consequently, the cost is reduced and the reliability of interconnection can be considerably improved.

Abstract: A data recorder for recording data onto a record medium on which a sync signal is inserted at a given interval, has a sequence controller, wherein, after receiving the command from the system controller which triggers an initiation of a recording operation, the sequence controller activates the first encoder in response to a leading end signal of the encoded block from the sync signal set-up section, activates the first encoder and the second encoder in response to a leading end signal of the next encoded block, and activates the first encoder, the second encoder and the data reader in response to a leading end signal of the next following encoded block, and wherein, during the absence of the command from the system controller which triggers an initiation of a recording operation, the sequence controller deactivates the first encoder in response to a leading end signal of an encoded block from the sync signal set-up section, deactivates the first encoder and the second encoder in response to a leading end sig

Abstract: When a detected value of the signal processing speed from a frequency comparator is larger than a prescribed value input from an input terminal, the rotation control of a disk is switched from constant linear velocity control to constant angular velocity control using an error signal from an arithmetic unit. Alternatively, when a detected value of the rotational velocity from a frequency comparator is larger than a prescribed value input form an input terminal, the rotation control of the disk is switched from the constant angular velocity control into the constant linear velocity control.

Abstract: A navigation method for guiding a user from a present position to a destination position includes inputting the present position and the destination position, inputting data from a geographic database and a road network database and selecting a route from the present position to the destination position, determining particularity of route guide map according to the area and the density of data representing the selected route, selecting necessary data for guiding a user according to the particularity and generating the route guide map, inputting data corresponding to the area from a spatial object network database and generating route guide sentence with respect to the route guide map, and manipulating information in the route guide map and route guide sentence and outputting the manipulated information.

Abstract: If a determination is made that a signal is not normally detected by the pre-pit-region detection circuit 53, an error signal is obtained from a pulse generator 58 to control the rotations of the disk 50. If a determination is made that a signal is normally detected by the pre-pit-region detection circuit 53 and if the synchronizing signals are not normally detected at predetermined intervals, an error signal is obtained from the wobble signal so that the rotations of the disk 50 are controlled. If a determination is made that synchronizing signals are detected by the pre-pit-region detection circuit 53 at predetermined intervals, an error signal is obtained from clocks synchronized with the reproduced signal generated by the PLL circuit 54 so that rotations of the disk 50 are controlled.

Abstract: An audio signal is recorded in a semiconductor memory in a plurality of hierarchical levels, with the lowest level being adequate for reproduction with a certain reduced degree of fidelity. Successively higher hierarchial levels provide successively greater fidelity when reproduced. When the memory has been determined to have reached maximum capacity, recording continues by overwriting the highest hierarchical level of data currently stored in the memory with lower hierarchical levels of new data. A code is recorded in the memory, indicating the number of hierarchical levels recorded therein, for subsequent reproduction. The audio signal can furthermore be recorded in variable-length frames and reproduced at high speed by reading every N-th frame, N being a positive integer, or by reading only frames having at least a certain minimum length.

Abstract: A digital video/audio recording and reproducing apparatus comprising a video signal high-efficiency encoder having a variable reduction rate, an audio signal high-efficiency encoder having a variable reduction rate, and a controller for controlling the reduction rates in both of the high-efficiency encoders. The reduction rates in both of the high-efficiency encoders are controlled in such a manner that the sum of the information amount of the video signal and that of the audio signal, after high-efficiency encoding, is maintained constant. When recording multi-channel audio signals, the reduction rates in both of the high-efficiency encoders are controlled according to the number of audio signal channels to be recorded. The high frequency components of the high-efficiency encoded video and audio signals are recorded at the end portions of recording tracks on a magnetic tape, while the low frequency components thereof are recorded in the central portion of the recording tracks.

Abstract: A digital video/audio recording and reproducing apparatus comprising a video signal high-efficiency encoder having a variable reduction rate, an audio signal high-efficiency encoder having a variable reduction rate, and a controller for controlling the reduction rates in both of the high-efficiency encoders. The reduction rates in both of the high-efficiency encoders are controlled in such a manner that the sum of the information amount of the video signal and that of the audio signal, after high-efficiency encoding, is maintained constant. When recording multi-channel audio signals, the reduction rates in both of the high-efficiency encoders are controlled according to the number of audio signal channels to be recorded. The high frequency components of the high-efficiency encoded video and audio signals are recorded at the end portions of recording tracks on a magnetic tape, while the low frequency components thereof are recorded in the central portion of the recording tracks.