Abstract: A medicine includes glycopyrronium salicylate or a solvate thereof, wherein the medicine is used for treating or preventing sialorrhea and the like. A therapeutic drug enables the treatment of sialorrhea by affixing and a novel salt of glycopyrronium is suitable for a transdermal absorptive preparation.

Abstract: In an antimicrobial substrate, a cured material of a binder containing a copper compound and a polymerization initiator is fixed onto a surface of a base material. At least a part of the copper compound is exposed on a surface of the cured material of the binder.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a processor configured to: acquire renewable power generation information from a renewable energy power generation server; acquire at least one of hydrogen power generation information from a hydrogen power generation server and fuel cell information; acquire grid power generation information from a grid power generation server; acquire electric power information from each of a plurality of consumer facilities in a predetermined area, the electric power information being regarding an amount of electric power consumed by the consumer facility; and generate proposal information including information on a type of electric power supplied to a predetermined consumer facility based on at least one of the renewable power generation information, the hydrogen power generation information, and the fuel cell information, the grid power generation information, and a plurality of pieces of the electric power information, and output the proposal information to the predetermined con

Abstract: A torque sensor includes a first structure, a second structure, a third structure provided between the first structure and the second structure, and at least two sensor units provided between the first structure and the second structure. A plurality of first contact portions having a structure integrated with the first structure is provided inside an outer peripheral portion of the first structure, first distal ends are arranged near the outer peripheral portion, and the first distal ends are in contact with a first attachment portion. A plurality of second contact portions having a structure integrated with the second structure is provided at a part of an inner peripheral portion of the second structure, second distal ends are arranged near the inner peripheral portion, and the second distal ends are in contact with a second attachment portion.

Abstract: A strain sensor fixing device includes a fixing member including a first side, a second side parallel to the first side, and a surface provided between the first side and the second side and including an opening part, the first side being brought into contact with the first structure, the second side being brought into contact with an end part of the flexure body constituting the strain sensor provided on the first structure, a screw inserted into the opening part and screwed into the first structure, and a rotation stopping part bringing the fixing member into line contact or point contact with the other part to prevent rotation of the fixing member.

Abstract: A fixing member includes a first side, second side parallel to the first side, and face provided between the first side and second side and including an opening. The face is provided at a position separate from a line connecting between the first side and second side, first side is brought into line contact or point contact with the first structure, and second side is brought into line contact with an end part of a strain body constituting a strain sensor, the end part being provided on the first structure. A screw is inserted into the opening and is screwed into the first structure.

Abstract: A torque sensor includes a first structure, a second structure, a third structure provided between the first structure and the second structure, and at least two sensor units provided between the first structure and the second structure. A plurality of first contact portions having a structure integrated with the first structure is provided inside an outer peripheral portion of the first structure, first distal ends are arranged near the outer peripheral portion, and the first distal ends are in contact with a first attachment portion. A plurality of second contact portions having a structure integrated with the second structure is provided at a part of an inner peripheral portion of the second structure, second distal ends are arranged near the inner peripheral portion, and the second distal ends are in contact with a second attachment portion.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus and an X-ray imaging method for use in the X-ray imaging apparatus are provided. The X-ray imaging apparatus includes a separating element configured to spatially separate an X-ray generated by an X-ray generator unit and a scintillator array including a plurality of first scintillators arranged therein, where the separated X-rays are made incident on the first scintillators. Each of the first scintillators is configured to vary an intensity of fluorescence induced by the X-ray in accordance with an incident position of the X-ray. The X-ray imaging apparatus further includes a detector configured to detect the intensity of fluorescence emitted from the scintillator array.

Abstract: The invention is aimed to provide an X-ray imaging apparatus and the like ensuring a sufficient range of detecting the amount of X-ray movement with respect to the pixel size of a detector in comparison with the method disclosed in International Publication No. WO2008/029107. The X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention has a splitting element which spatially linearly splits an X-ray beam; and a shielding unit which shields a part of the X-ray beam which is split by the splitting element and whose position is changed by a test object. The shielding unit has a region transmitting X-rays and a region having a shielding element shielding (blocking) X-rays. A dividing line between the X-ray transmitting region and the region having the shielding element is configured to be arranged obliquely so as to cross the linearly split X-ray beam.

Abstract: To provide an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of easily adjusting the sensitivity or capable of easily extracting the amount of refraction of X-rays. An X-ray imaging apparatus irradiating an object to be measured with an X-ray beam from an X-ray source that generates X-rays of a first energy and X-rays of a second energy different from the first energy to measure an image of the object to be measured includes an attenuator and a detector. The attenuator attenuates the X-ray beam transmitted through the object to be measured and is configured so as to vary the amount of attenuation of the X-rays depending on a position on which the X-ray beam is incident. The detector detects the X-ray beam transmitted through the attenuator and is configured so as to detect the X-rays of the first energy and the second energy.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus acquiring a differential phase contrast image of a test object without using a light-shielding mask for X-ray. The apparatus includes an X-ray source, a splitting element configured to spatially divide an X-ray emitted from an X-ray source and a scintillator configured to emit light when a divided X-ray beam divided at the splitting element is incident on the scintillator. The apparatus also includes a light-transmission limiting unit configured to limit transmitting amount of the light emitted from the scintillator and a plurality of light detectors each configured to detect the amount of light that has transmitted through the light-transmission limiting unit. The light-transmission limiting unit is configured such that a light intensity detected at each of the light detectors changes in response to a change in an incident position of the X-ray beam.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray imaging apparatus and an X-ray imaging method that offer an alternative for a refraction contrast method. A first scintillator and a second scintillator are used, the first scintillator generating first fluorescent light when X-rays separated by the separating element are incident thereon, and a second scintillator generating second fluorescent light when X-rays separated by the separating element are incident thereon. The second scintillator has a fluorescence emission intensity gradient such that an amount of emitted fluorescent light changes in accordance with a change in a position at which the X-rays are incident.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray imaging apparatus and a method of X-ray imaging, with which the apparatus can be reduced in size and a with which differential phase image or a phase image with consideration of an X-ray absorption effect of an object can be obtained. A displacement of X-rays that have been split by a splitting element and have passed through an object is measured. The displacement can be measured by using a first attenuation element having a transmission amount that continuously changes in accordance with the incident position of X-rays. At this time, an X-ray transmittance of an object that is calculated by using a second attenuation element having a transmission amount that does not change in accordance with the incident position of X-rays is used.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray imaging apparatus and a method of X-ray imaging, with which the apparatus can be reduced in size and a differential phase image or a phase image with consideration of an X-ray absorption effect of an object can be obtained. X-rays are spatially split, and a first attenuation element in which the transmission amount of X-rays continuously changes in accordance with the displacement when the X-rays pass through an object is used. Transmittance is calculated by using the first attenuation element and a second attenuation element that is different from the first attenuation element with respect to an amount of change or a characteristic of change in the transmission amount of X-rays in a direction of a displacement of the X-rays. A differential phase image and the like of the object are calculated using the transmittance.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus for obtaining information on a phase shift of an X-ray caused by an object comprises: an splitting element for splitting spatially an X-ray emitted from an X-ray generator unit into X-ray beams; an attenuator unit having an arrangement of attenuating elements for receiving the X-ray beams split by the splitting element; and an intensity detector unit for detecting intensities of X-ray beams attenuated by the attenuator unit; and the attenuating element changing continuously the transmission amount of the X-ray depending on the X-ray incident position on the element.

Abstract: The invention is aimed to provide an X-ray imaging apparatus and the like ensuring a sufficient range of detecting the amount of X-ray movement with respect to the pixel size of a detector in comparison with the method disclosed in International Publication No. WO2008/029107. The X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention has a splitting element which spatially linearly splits an X-ray beam; and a shielding unit which shields a part of the X-ray beam which is split by the splitting element and whose position is changed by a test object. The shielding unit has a region transmitting X-rays and a region having a shielding element shielding (blocking) X-rays. A dividing line between the X-ray transmitting region and the region having the shielding element is configured to be arranged obliquely so as to cross the linearly split X-ray beam.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus and an X-ray imaging method can alleviate the influence of scattered X-rays relative to the obtained image. A differential phase contrast image or a phase contrast image of a detection object is computed by using a splitting element and an exposure control unit that synchronizes the X-ray scanning speed and the image acquisition speed of a detecting unit.

Abstract: The invention is aimed to provide an X-ray imaging apparatus and the like ensuring a sufficient range of detecting the amount of X-ray movement with respect to the pixel size of a detector in comparison with the method disclosed in International Publication No. WO2008/029107. The X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention has a splitting element which spatially linearly splits an X-ray; and a shielding unit which shields a part of the X-ray which is split by the splitting element and whose position is changed by a test object. The shielding unit has a region transmitting an X-ray and a region having a shielding element shielding an X-ray. A dividing line between the X-ray transmitting region and the region having the shielding element is configured to be arranged obliquely so as to cross the linearly split X-ray.

Abstract: To provide an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of easily adjusting the sensitivity or capable of easily extracting the amount of refraction of X-rays. An X-ray imaging apparatus irradiating an object to be measured with an X-ray beam from an X-ray source that generates X-rays of a first energy and X-rays of a second energy different from the first energy to measure an image of the object to be measured includes an attenuator and a detector. The attenuator attenuates the X-ray beam transmitted through the object to be measured and is configured so as to vary the amount of attenuation of the X-rays depending on a position on which the X-ray beam is incident. The detector detects the X-ray beam transmitted through the attenuator and is configured so as to detect the X-rays of the first energy and the second energy.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray imaging apparatus and an X-ray imaging method that offer an alternative for a refraction contrast method. A first scintillator and a second scintillator are used, the first scintillator generating first fluorescent light when X-rays separated by the separating element are incident thereon, and a second scintillator generating second fluorescent light when X-rays separated by the separating element are incident thereon. The second scintillator has a fluorescence emission intensity gradient such that an amount of emitted fluorescent light changes in accordance with a change in a position at which the X-rays are incident.