Abstract: A diamond coating includes a first diamond layer made of minute diamond particles and a second diamond layer made of coarse diamond particles: in a flank-face side diamond coating, a mean coat thickness d2 is not less than 3 ?m and not more than 25 ?m, a first diamond layer is formed on a surface side and a second diamond layer is formed on a tool base side: a rake-face side diamond coating is in a smaller range of 50 ?m or 1/10 of a tool diameter from a tip of a base cutting-edge part; in the rake-face side diamond coating, a mean coat thickness d1 is a smaller one in a range not less than 0 ?m and not more than 5.0 ?m or a range less than d2: and a boundary part between the first diamond layer and the second diamond layer.

Abstract: A diamond coating includes a first diamond layer made of minute diamond particles and a second diamond layer made of coarse diamond particles: in a flank-face side diamond coating, a mean coat thickness d2 is not less than 3 ?m and not more than 25 ?m, a first diamond layer is formed on a surface side and a second diamond layer is formed on a tool base side: a rake-face side diamond coating is in a smaller range of 50 ?m or 1/10 of a tool diameter from a tip of a base cutting-edge part; in the rake-face side diamond coating, a mean coat thickness d1 is a smaller one in a range not less than 0 ?m and not more than 5.0 ?m or a range less than d2: and a boundary part between the first diamond layer and the second diamond layer.

Abstract: In the drill, each of the thinning edges extends beyond an intersection point with the chisel; an axial rake angle is in a range of +5° to +15°; and a ratio of a length of each of the thinning edges to a length of each of the cutting edges in a direction, in which the main cutting edge extends as viewed from the front side of the axial direction, is in a range of 20% to 50%. Intersecting ridges between: second thinning wall surfaces facing an opposite side of the drill rotation direction; and the tip flank faces, are disposed that: they are spaced apart in a direction orthogonal to the intersecting ridges; they are positioned on one diameter line passing the axis; or they mutually pass over in a passing over amount of 0.03×D or less with respect to a diameter of the cutting edges.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for C2 oxygenate synthesis in which a hydrogenated active metal is supported on a porous carrier to synthesize a C2 oxygenate from a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, wherein the porous carrier has an average pore diameter of 0.1 to 20 nm.

Abstract: This invention provides a propulsion unit for a ship with a new structure that is able to propel the ship without using a propeller.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for C2 oxygenate synthesis in which a hydrogenated active metal is supported on a porous carrier to synthesize a C2 oxygenate from a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, wherein the porous carrier has an average pore diameter of 0.1 to 20 nm.

Abstract: [OBJECT] It is an object to provide a stirring rotor and a stirring device capable of performing a stirring operation in a safe and efficient manner, irrespective of intended purposes. [SOLUTION] A stirring rotor 1 of the present invention comprises a rotor body 10 adapted to be rotated about a rotation axis C, an inlet port 12 provided in an outer surface of the rotor body 10, an outlet port 14 provided in the outer surface of the rotor body 10, and a flow passage 16 communicating the inlet port 12 with the outlet port 14. The inlet port 12 is provided at a position closer to the rotation axis C than the outlet port 14, and the outlet port 14 is provided at a position more outward in a centrifugal direction from the rotation C axis than the inlet port 12.

Abstract: An optical transmission system and optical transmission devices in the optical transmission system that can achieve a high quality transmission using considerably simple arrangements are disclosed. At a transmitting-end optical transmission device, encoding means having n outputs, forms k data by aligning phases of data on k channels with each other and for generating (n?k) error correction bits for said k data and adding said (n?k) error correction bits to said k data, and wavelength-multiplexing means connected to the encoding means, converts both said k data and said (n?k) error correction bits to n optical signals having different wavelengths and for wavelength-multiplexing said n optical signals so as to be delivered to the optical transmission line.

Abstract: An LED lamps capable of composing a display panel that is installed at any outdoor place and capable of displaying an image thereon with a high contrast under any working conditions at any place. The LED lamp comprises at least one LED chip for emitting visible light, a lead frame comprising a common part and separate parts for supplying electric power to each of electrode terminals of the LED chip and a transparent resin part disposed on the common lead frame for mounting the LED chip and converging light emitted from the LED chip, wherein the LED-chip-mounted surface is provided with an anti-reflection black-colored layer for absorbing light. The LED chip may be a four-element LED chip composed of an active layer of AlGaInP and the light-absorbing layer formed from any of black silver sulfide, silver oxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide, black silver paste and black copper paste.

Abstract: An optical transmission system and optical transmission devices in the optical transmission system that can achieve a high quality transmission using considerably simple arrangements are disclosed. At a transmitting-end optical transmission device, encoding means having n outputs, forms k data by aligning phases of data on k channels with each other and for generating (n−k) error correction bits for said k data and adding said (n−k) error correction bits to said k data, and wavelength-multiplexing means connected to the encoding means, converts both said k data and said (n−k) error correction bits to n optical signals having different wavelengths and for wavelength-multiplexing said n optical signals so as to be delivered to the optical transmission line.

Abstract: An optical transmission system and optical transmission devices in the optical transmission system that can achieve a high quality transmission using considerably simple arrangements are disclosed. At a transmitting-end optical transmission device, encoding means having n outputs, forms k data by aligning phases of data on k channels with each other and for generating (n−k) error correction bits for said k data and adding said (n−k) error correction bits to said k data, and wavelength-multiplexing means connected to the encoding means, converts both said k data and said (n−k) error correction bits ton optical signals having different wavelengths and for wavelength-multiplexing said n optical signals so as to be delivered to the optical transmission line.

Abstract: An LED lamps capable of composing a display panel that is installed at any outdoor place and capable of displaying an image thereon with a high contrast under any working conditions at any place. The LED lamp comprises at least one LED chip for emitting visible light, a lead frame comprising a common part and separate parts for supplying electric power to each of electrode terminals of the LED chip and a transparent resin part disposed on the common lead frame for mounting the LED chip and converging light emitted from the LED chip, wherein the LED-chip-mounted surface is provided with an anti-reflection black-colored layer for absorbing light. The LED chip may be a four-element LED chip composed of an active layer of AlGaInP and the light-absorbing layer formed from any of black silver sulfide, silver oxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide, black silver paste and black copper paste.

Abstract: A catalyst for the oxidative condensation of a lower aliphatic hydrocarbon ncluding a carrier of a solid, oxide superacid, and at least one transition metal compound and at least one alkali metal compound supported on the carrier. By contacting a lower aliphatic hydrocarbon with oxygen in the presence of the above catalyst, a hydrocarbon with an increased carbon number can be obtained.

Abstract: Hydrogen is produced from a hydrocarbon by contacting the hydrocarbon with fine particles of a carbonaceous material having an external surface area of at least 1 m.sup.2 /g at a temperature sufficient to pyrolyze the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A non-aromatic organic compound is converted into aromatic hydrocarbons by a process in which the non-aromatic organic compound is contacted with a diamond-like carbonaceous catalyst at a temperature of 200.degree.-1,500.degree. C. The catalyst is a carbonaceous material which does not show any peak at 2.theta. of about 25.degree. attributed to C(002) diffraction in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern thereof or which shows a peak at 2.theta. of about 25.degree. attributed to C(002) diffraction in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern thereof and has a C(002) interplanar spacing greater than 0.3440 nm.

Abstract: An organic ferromagnetic substance including an amorphous carbonaceous substance in mid course of graphitization prepared from an organic compound having a hydrogen/carbon ratio of 1.7 or more and a process for producing same are disclosed. This organic ferromagnetic substance is stable and easy to produce, and has a high saturation magnetization and is advantageous as an industrial product such as a toner for copiers utilizing its light weight and high saturation magnetization.

Abstract: A biodegradable plastic composition for use in production of shaped articles includes polyglycolide and a high molecular weight substance selected from poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid), a copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyvaleric acid, polycaprolactone, polyglutamic acid, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyalkylene oxide, cellulose acetate and mixtures thereof, the amount of the polyglycolide being 5-60 % based on the total weight of the polyglycolide and the high molecular weight substance.

Abstract: An organic ferromagnetic substance and a process for producing same are disclosed, which substance is a product of the carbonization of at least one polymer in mid course of graphitization selected from (a) an aromatic polymer having a structure such that the aromatic compounds are connected via alkylene chains which may be substituted by an alkyl or aryl group, (b) a polymer of a triarymethane, (c) a polymer of an acetylene compound and (d) a polymer of an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated compound, characterized in that the ferromagnetic substance contains 1-10 hydrogen atoms per 100 carbon atoms. This organic ferromagnetic substance can be produced in a high yield from commercially available polymers in a simple manner and possesses excellent stability to heat, chemicals and weathering action. Accordingly, this substance can be used in various industrial fields.

Abstract: Each of many two-color light emitting diode elements which make up a display panel includes two light emitting diode chips emitting light of different colors. These elements are so arranged in the panel that chips emitting light of the same color are adjacent to each other in the direction along which two chips in each of these elements are aligned and that chips emitting light of different colors are alternately aligned along the direction perpendicular thereto.