Abstract: A graphite material for a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary cell disclosed herein is substantially configured of a graphite particle in which defects enabling intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ions have been formed on a basal plane and which includes a calcium (Ca) component.

Abstract: A negative electrode contains at least composite particles. The composite particles each contain a negative electrode active material particle and a coating. The coating is formed on a surface of the negative electrode active material particle. The coating contains at least a metal organic framework. The metal organic framework is formed by alternately stacking a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is formed by stacking an aromatic compound in a direction intersecting with a direction of stack of the first layer and the second layer. The aromatic compound contains two carboxylate anions. The two carboxylate anions satisfy para-positional relation. The second layer is formed of lithium ions coordinated to the carboxylate anion.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner set, an image forming apparatus, and an image forming method include a developer toner and a replenishment toner. The developer toner and the replenishment toner each include toner particles, and silica particles and titania particles provided on the surfaces of the toner particles. The silica particles have a BET specific surface area of 15 to 95 m2/g and are surface-treated with a silicone oil. The relationship between the content of the silica particles of the developer toner and the content of the silica particles of the replenishment toner, and the relationship between the content of the titania particles of the developer toner and the content of the titania particles of the replenishment toner each have particular values.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material particle includes natural graphite and a coating. The surface of the natural graphite is coated with the coating. The coating contains low crystalline carbon and fluorine. The low crystalline carbon has lower crystallinity than the natural graphite and a structure in which carbon hexagonal net planes are layered in a portion of the low crystalline carbon. The peak of CF2 bonds is detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the negative electrode active material particle, and the fluorine concentration of the surface of the negative electrode active material particle is 10 atm % or more and 20 atm % or less.

Abstract: Negative electrode active material particles for a lithium ion secondary battery include base material particles and a coating. The coating covers a surface of the base material particles. The base material particles contain a first carbon material. The coating contains lithium titanate and a second carbon material. When a ratio of an intensity of a D band to an intensity of a G band in a laser Raman spectrum is set as an R value, the second carbon material has a larger R value than the first carbon material.

Abstract: A recording apparatus including a motor mounting frame in which, in an attached state, a drive shaft of a motor is projected to a front side with respect to a frame surface on the front side, and in the attached state, while a frame surface on a rear side and the motor oppose each other, the motor is attached to the motor mounting frame. The recording apparatus includes a frame attaching portion to which the motor mounting frame is attached. In the attached state, at least a portion of a fastening member that fixes the frame attaching portion is exposed when viewing the frame surface on the front side from the front, and the fastening member is at an attachable/detachable position.

Abstract: Certain embodiments provide a marking apparatus, which marks on media that is reusable by recording and erasing decolorable material, comprising a scanner configured to read media to which a first mark representing the reuse times of media is attached; a determination section configured to determine whether or not the media is reusable according to a reading result of the first mark or a use state of the media; and a recording section configured to print a second mark different from the first mark on the media according to a determination result representing that the media cannot be reused.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery includes at least a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode mixture layer. The negative electrode mixture layer is formed on a surface of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode mixture layer includes graphite particles, inorganic filler particles, lithium titanate particles, and a water-based binder. The inorganic filler particles have an average primary particle size that is ½ or less of an average primary particle size of the graphite particles. The lithium titanate particles have an average primary particle size of 1 ?m or less. A ratio of an average primary particle size of the lithium titanate particles with respect to an average primary particle size of the inorganic filler particles is one or less.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a flat wound electrode body that includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator sheet, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The wound electrode body includes a filling layer containing a thermal polymerization product of a resin having electrolyte solution swellability between the negative electrode sheet and the separator sheet.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a negative electrode by using a negative electrode active material and ceramic particles, the method ensuring satisfactory coatability of the paste and high peel strength and hardness of the obtained negative electrode active material layer. The method for producing a negative electrode disclosed herein includes a step of coating a negative electrode paste including a negative electrode active material and ceramic particles on a negative electrode current collector; a step of drying the coated negative electrode paste to form a negative electrode active material layer; and a step of pressing the negative electrode active material layer. The ceramic particles have an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more and 20 or less. The ceramic particles have a short side length of 1/5 or less of an average particle diameter of the negative electrode active material.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The non-aqueous electrolyte solution includes a lithium salt and an aprotic solvent. The negative electrode includes a composite particle. The composite particle includes a negative electrode active material and tungsten trioxide. The negative electrode active material contains graphite. The tungsten trioxide is disposed on a surface of the negative electrode active material.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, a color erasing apparatus comprises a conveyance path, a color erasing section and a control section. The conveyance path conveys a sheet. The color erasing section erases the color of an image formed with color erasable recording agent serving as recording agent containing coloring agent the color of which can be erased by heating. The control section carries out a control, in a case where the image formed on the sheet is not an image formed with the color erasable recording agent, so that the sheet is not subjected to a color erasing processing by the color erasing section.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes: preparing a separator substrate; forming a porous layer, which contains at least a fluorophosphate and a binder, on a surface of the separator substrate; preparing an electrode body by laminating a positive electrode and a negative electrode to face each other with a separator including the porous layer interposed therebetween, in which the separator is arranged such that the porous layer faces the positive electrode; preparing a battery assembly including the electrode body and a nonaqueous electrolyte; and charging the battery assembly at least once.

Abstract: Provided is a decolorizable toner including a binder resin and colorant particles which contain a color developable compound, a color developing agent, and a decolorizing agent, and have a capsule structure coated with an outer shell, wherein the binder resin is contained in an amount of 60 to 80% by mass with respect to the total amount of the toner components.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first image forming unit configured to form a first image to be transferred to a sheet with a non-decolorizable material, and a second image forming unit configured to form a second image to be transferred to the sheet with a decolorizable material. At least a part of the second image transferred to the sheet is formed on the first image transferred to the sheet.

Abstract: Certain embodiments provide a marking apparatus, which marks on media that is reusable by recording and erasing decolorable material, comprising a scanner configured to read media to which a first mark representing the reuse times of media is attached; a determination section configured to determine whether or not the media is reusable according to a reading result of the first mark or a use state of the media; and a recording section configured to print a second mark different from the first mark on the media according to a determination result representing that the media cannot be reused.

Abstract: Provided is a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery with a high resistance to metallic lithium deposition during repeated charging and discharging. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery disclosed herein includes: an electrode body including a positive electrode provided with a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a nonaqueous electrolyte, and a case in which the electrode body and the nonaqueous electrolyte are housed. The separator includes a heat-resistant layer. The heat-resistant layer includes an inorganic phosphate which is an acid scavenger. The heat-resistant layer faces the positive electrode active material layer.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, a color erasing apparatus comprises a conveyance path, a color erasing section and a control section. The conveyance path conveys a sheet. The color erasing section erases the color of an image formed with color erasable recording agent serving as recording agent containing coloring agent the color of which can be erased by heating. The control section carries out a control, in a case where the image formed on the sheet is not an image formed with the color erasable recording agent, so that the sheet is not subjected to a color erasing processing by the color erasing section.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes: accommodating an electrode body; accommodating a first nonaqueous electrolytic solution; and accommodating a second nonaqueous electrolytic solution. In the accommodation of the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution, the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution is accommodated in a battery case. In the accommodation of the second nonaqueous electrolytic solution, the second nonaqueous electrolytic solution is accommodated in the battery case that accommodates the electrode body and the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution. In the first nonaqueous electrolytic solution, LiPF6 is dissolved as the electrolyte in the nonaqueous solvent without LiFSI, LiTFSI, and LiTFS being dissolved. In the second nonaqueous electrolytic solution, at least one selected from the group consisting of LiFSI, LiTFSI, and LiTFS is dissolved as the electrolyte in the nonaqueous solvent.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first image forming unit configured to form a first image to be transferred to a sheet with a non-decolorizable material, and a second image forming unit configured to form a second image to be transferred to the sheet with a decolorizable material. At least a part of the second image transferred to the sheet is formed on the first image transferred to the sheet.