Abstract: A vehicle controller is used for a first vehicle and includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to execute an index deriving process that derives a traveling performance index of the first vehicle, the traveling performance index being an index related to a traveling performance, an index receiving process that receives the traveling performance index of a second vehicle from the second vehicle through vehicle-to-vehicle communication, and a performance determination process that compares the traveling performance index of the second vehicle with the traveling performance index of the first vehicle to determine whether a traveling performance of the first vehicle is lower than a traveling performance of the second vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to solve problems in conventional HC-SCR systems and provide cost-effective exhaust gas treatment systems with high NOx removal rates especially at low temperatures. A hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) system in which H2 is added to a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) along with hydrocarbon. In other words, it can be said as an exchange gas purification method including removing NOx from an exhaust gas by adding H2 to a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) along with hydrocarbon in a hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) system.

Abstract: A method for producing a wiring board includes the steps of forming an upper insulating layer on a lower insulating layer having a lower wiring conductor on its upper surface; forming a via-hole in the upper insulating layer; depositing a first base metal layer in the via-hole and on an upper surface of the upper insulating layer; forming a first plating resist layer on the first base metal layer; depositing a first electrolytically plated layer to completely fill at least the via-hole; forming a via conductor, and depositing a second base metal layer; forming a second plating resist layer on the second base metal layer; depositing a second electrolytically plated layer; and forming a wiring pattern.

Abstract: The multi-piece, wiring board according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a supporting board including a frame portion formed on an upper surface of a bottom plate, the frame portion configured to divide the upper surface of the bottom plate into a plurality of product forming regions, and a wiring board formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate in. each of the product forming regions, the: wiring board including an insulating layer formed so as to expose an upper surface of the frame portion, and a wiring conductor formed on the insulating layer.

Abstract: A magnetic marker which comprises a flexible organic polymer substrate having an anisotropic thermal shrinking property and a soft magnetic thin film having uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The angle formed between the direction in which the organic polymer substrate has the highest degree of thermal shrinkage and the direction of magnetic easy axis in the soft magnetic thin film is in the range from 50.degree. to 90.degree.. The marker is a thin film of a simple structure, yet exhibits satisfactory magnetic characteristics. A roll having a plurality of magnetic markers, each comprising an organic polymer substrate and a soft magnetic thin film formed transversely on the surface, can be manufactured by a process relying upon the combination of (i) a roll coater method and (ii) a sputtering technique.

Abstract: A compact and superior magnetic marker for an electronics apparatus for surveillance of article comprises at one or more wire members and a plane member contacting substantially directly to each other. An angle of the magnetic easy axis of the plane member relative to the longitudinal direction of the wire member is between 40.degree. and 90.degree. to show large Barkhausen reversal. An influence of demagnetizing field can be reduced by using the simple structure. The magnetic marker can be produced continuously at a low cost.

Abstract: A thin-film magnetic material is formed on a polymer substrate. The material exhibits large Barkhausen discontinuity without intentional application of external tensile or torsional stress. The thin-film material may be produced by a sputtering technique wherein the normal to the substrate is directed obliquely to a target member. A biasing magnetic field in proximity to the substrate may also be used during film formation, and the substrate may be supported by a curved holder or a cylindrical roll-to-roll apparatus. The thin-film thus produced may be used as a marker in an article surveillance system or as a magnetic sensor.