Abstract: A composite material includes a base material and polydopamine adhered to the base material. In an infrared absorption spectrum of the base material to which the polydopamine is adhered, the infrared absorption spectrum being obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, a ratio HB/HA satisfies 0.66?HB/HA?1.1, where, in the infrared absorption spectrum, a baseline is defined as a straight line connecting a measured point obtained at 3070 cm?1 to a measured point obtained at 3700 cm?1, HA represents a perpendicular distance from a measured point obtained at 3380 cm?1 of the infrared absorption spectrum to the baseline, and HB represents a perpendicular distance from a measured point obtained at 3630 cm?1 of the infrared absorption spectrum to the baseline.

Abstract: A composite material includes a base material and polydopamine adhered to the base material, the polydopamine containing hydroxy groups. At least one hydrogen atom of the hydroxy groups is substituted with an acyl group.

Abstract: The present invention enables the measuring and evaluating of variations in vehicle fuel consumption and emission test results due to differences in driving style. An automatic operation device that automatically operates a test part based on a command vehicle speed includes a receiving unit, a command vehicle speed shaping unit, and an operation control unit. The receiving unit receives a driving mode set or changed by a user. The command vehicle speed shaping unit shapes a command vehicle speed r(t) based on the driving mode received by the receiving unit. The operation control unit controls an operation of the test part by a shaped command vehicle speed r?(t) obtained by the command vehicle speed shaping unit.

Abstract: A method for forming a multilayer coating film, comprising the following steps (1) to (5): (1) producing a first aqueous base coating composition comprising combining an acrylic resin dispersion (A) having a core/shell structure and a melamine resin (B), (2) applying the first aqueous base coating composition onto a surface of an object to form an uncured first aqueous base coating film, (3) applying a second aqueous base coating composition onto the uncured first aqueous base coating film to form an uncured second aqueous base coating film, (4) applying a clear coating composition onto the uncured second aqueous base coating film to form an uncured clear coating film, and (5) heat-curing the uncured first aqueous base coating film, the uncured second aqueous base coating film, and the uncured clear coating film obtained in steps (2) to (4) at a time to form the multilayer coating film.

Abstract: A thermal fixer includes a first thermal fixing roller and a second thermal fixing roller. The first thermal fixing roller includes a first heater. The second thermal fixing roller is pressed to the first thermal fixing roller. The second thermal fixing roller includes a second heater and has a diameter, a rigidity, and a surface releasability substantially identical to the first thermal fixing roller.

Abstract: A vibration device includes a vibration plate, a piezoelectric element, and a wiring member. The vibration plate has conductivity. The piezoelectric element is disposed on the vibration plate. The wiring member is disposed to oppose the vibration plate via the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric element body, a first external electrode, and a second external electrode. The piezoelectric element body has a first main surface and a second main surface facing away from each other in an opposing direction of the vibration plate and the wiring member. The first external electrode is disposed on the first main surface and electrically connected to the vibration plate. The second external electrode is disposed on the second main surface and electrically connected to the wiring member. The vibration plate includes a first projection projecting toward the wiring member and electrically connected to the wiring member.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a manufacturing method for a can container including forming a diameter-reduced portion with a die necking tool at one end of a can body whose surface is not formed with a varnish layer, wherein a coefficient of dynamic friction between the die necking tool and the can body is 0.30 or less. In addition, according to a second aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a can container including a can trunk portion, a bottom portion provided on one end side of the can trunk portion, and a diameter-reduced portion having an outer diameter reduced at the other end side of the can trunk portion, wherein a varnish layer is not formed on an outer surface of at least the diameter-reduced portion.

Abstract: A tactile sense presentation device includes a vibration unit including a piezoelectric element and having a resonance point in a tactile sense frequency band; and a self-oscillation circuit electrically coupled to the vibration unit, in which the piezoelectric element self-oscillates in a frequency band based on the resonance point by a drive voltage input from the self-oscillation circuit according to contact with the vibration unit.

Abstract: In a vibration device, an operation unit has an operation surface operated by a user. A plurality of piezoelectric elements are disposed so as to overlap the operation surface when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the operation surface. The plurality of piezoelectric elements are disposed at mutually different positions in the direction along the operation surface. A control unit is arranged to control the plurality of piezoelectric elements. The control unit is arranged to vibrate the piezoelectric element corresponding to a first position on the operation surface where an operation is performed at a first frequency and vibrates the piezoelectric element corresponding to a second position on the operation surface different from the first position among the plurality of piezoelectric elements at a second frequency, in response to the operation of the operation surface. The second frequency is a frequency in the audible range.

Abstract: Provided are an enzyme involved in a glycyrrhizin biosynthetic system, a gene of the enzyme and use thereof in order to stably and continuously provide a large amount of glycyrrhizin. Glucuronosyltransferase with an activity of further transferring glucuronic acid to the hydroxy group at the 2-position of glucuronic acid in an oleanane-type triterpenoid monoglucuronide is identified to provide the transferase, a gene for the transferase and use thereof.

Abstract: The spirosolane skeleton 23-position hydroxylase gene and the spirosolane skeleton 23-position acetyltransferase gene derived from S. chacoense, S. tuberosum, and S. lycopersicum are found to be involved with the biosynthesis of leptine, which achieves resistance against Colorado potato beetle.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric element body, a first external electrode disposed on a first main surface of the piezoelectric element body, and a second external electrode disposed on a second main surface of the piezoelectric element body. A vibration member includes an electrically conductive third main surface and a fourth main surface opposing the third main surface. The vibration member is disposed such that the third main surface opposes the first external electrode. A protective layer covers the piezoelectric element. The protective layer includes a first resin layer and a second resin layer. The first resin layer covers the piezoelectric element body and the second external electrode. The second resin layer is disposed between the first external electrode and the third main surface and joins the first external electrode and the third main surface. The first resin layer is smaller in hardness than the second resin layer.

Abstract: A vibration device includes a piezoelectric element and a vibration member. The vibration device is arranged to be supported on a base. The vibration member includes a first main surface opposing the base and a second main surface opposing the first main surface. The piezoelectric element is disposed on the second main surface. The first main surface of the vibration member is provided with a protrusion contacting the base and defining a vibration space on the first main surface. The protrusion is positioned outside the piezoelectric element to surround the piezoelectric element when the vibration member is seen through from a direction orthogonal to the first main surface.

Abstract: In a vibration device, an operation unit has an operation surface operated by a user. A plurality of piezoelectric elements are disposed so as to overlap the operation surface when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the operation surface. The plurality of piezoelectric elements are disposed at mutually different positions in the direction along the operation surface. A control unit is arranged to control the plurality of piezoelectric elements. The control unit is arranged to vibrate the piezoelectric element corresponding to a first position on the operation surface where an operation is performed at a first frequency and vibrates the piezoelectric element corresponding to a second position on the operation surface different from the first position among the plurality of piezoelectric elements at a second frequency, in response to the operation of the operation surface. The second frequency is a frequency in the audible range.

Abstract: A vibration device includes a piezoelectric element, a vibration member to which the piezoelectric element is bonded, and a wiring member connected with the piezoelectric element. A method for vibrating the vibration device includes inputting a signal including a fundamental frequency component to the piezoelectric element through the wiring member, and vibrating the vibration device in a vibration mode that includes the fundamental frequency component and does not approximately include a high order frequency component that is n times (n represents an integer of 2 or more) the fundamental frequency component. The fundamental frequency component is lower than the resonance frequency component of the vibration device.

Abstract: It was found that it is possible to construct a genome-edited plant in which no exogenous gene is incorporated in a genome by performing negative selection using morphological defects and the like as indices in a regenerated plant originated from a plant cell in which a gene that induces regeneration of the plant and a gene of the genome editing enzyme are introduced.

Abstract: A vibration device includes a vibration plate, a piezoelectric element, and a wiring member. The vibration plate has conductivity. The piezoelectric element is disposed on the vibration plate. The wiring member is disposed to oppose the vibration plate via the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric element body, a first external electrode, and a second external electrode. The piezoelectric element body has a first main surface and a second main surface facing away from each other in an opposing direction of the vibration plate and the wiring member. The first external electrode is disposed on the first main surface and electrically connected to the vibration plate. The second external electrode is disposed on the second main surface and electrically connected to the wiring member. The vibration plate includes a first projection projecting toward the wiring member and electrically connected to the wiring member.

Abstract: Provided are an enzyme involved in a glycyrrhizin biosynthetic system, a gene of the enzyme and use thereof in order to stably and continuously provide a large amount of glycyrrhizin. Glucuronosyltransferase with an activity of further transferring glucuronic acid to the hydroxy group at the 2-position of glucuronic acid in an oleanane-type triterpenoid monoglucuronide is identified to provide the transferase, a gene for the transferase and use thereof.