Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoconductor including at least a photoconductive layer on a conductive substrate, wherein the surface layer of the photoconductive layer contains at least a surface crosslinked layer formed by curing a tri- or more-functional radical polymerizable monomer without having a charge transporting structure and a mono-functional radical polymerizable compound having a charge transporting structure and the surface crosslinked layer has a surface roughness Rz of 1.3 ?m or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor in which at least a photosensitive layer is provided above an electroconductive substrate, the outermost surface layer of the electroconductive substrate contains at least an inorganic filler, a binder resin, and an aliphatic polyester, or, alternatively, the outermost surface layer of the electroconductive substrate contains at least an inorganic filler and a binder resin and the binder resin is a copolymer polyarylate having an alkylene-arylcarboxylate structural unit, also an image forming method, image forming apparatus, and image forming apparatus processing unit in which the electrophotographic photoreceptor is used.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer which is formed thereon and contains at least one resin of a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, or a polycarbonate resin, each resin having at least a structural unit of formula (1): wherein R1, R2, R3, a, b, and n are the same as those specified in the specification. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus and method, and a process cartridge employ the above photoconductor.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises units obtained from a radical polymerizing monomer, in which an aliphatic group having two radical polymerizing groups and a charge transporting group including no radical polymerizing group are connected to each other in a single bond, at the surface thereof.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support, and a photoconductive layer formed thereon containing as an effective component an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a structural unit of formula (2) and a structural unit with charge transporting properties, each of the structural units being contained in an amount of 5 wt. % or more of the total weight of the polycarbonate resin. There is disclosed an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a structural unit of formula (1) and the structural unit of formula (2), with the relationship between the composition ratios being 0<k/(k+j)<1 when the composition ratio of the structural unit (1) is k and that of the structural unit (2) is j, or an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a repeat unit of formula (3). The formulas (1) to (3) are specified in the specification.

Abstract: An organic-inorganic hybrid material, including a charge transportable organic polymer and a metal oxide.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer which is formed thereon and contains at least one resin of a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, or a polycarbonate resin, each resin having at least a structural unit of formula (1): wherein R1, R2, R3, a, b, and n are the same as those specified in the specification. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus and method, and a process cartridge employ the above photoconductor.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor, including a crosslinked material including: units obtained from a radical polymerizing monomer A having three or more radical polymerizing groups; a compound B having the following formula (1): B1—Ar1—CH?CH—Ar2—B2 ??(1) wherein Ar1 represents a substituted or an unsubstituted monovalent group or bivalent group formed of an aromatic hydrocarbon skeleton; Ar2 represents a monovalent group or a bivalent group formed of an aromatic hydrocarbon skeleton or heterocyclic compound skeleton having one or more tertiaryamino group; and at least one of B1 and B2 is a hydrogen atom, and the other is an acryloyloxy group; a methacryloyloxy group; a vinyl group; an alkyl group having an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group or a vinyl group; or an alkoxy group having an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group or a vinyl group; and a photo polymerization initiator.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer which is formed thereon and contains at least one resin of a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, or a polycarbonate resin, each resin having at least a structural unit of formula (1): wherein R1, R2, R3, a, b, and n are the same as those specified in the specification. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus and method, and a process cartridge employ the above photoconductor.

Abstract: A photoconductor comprising a photosensitive layer disposed on a support, wherein the photosensitive layer has a crosslinked layer and the crosslinked layer is produced by curing a dispersion in which at least one of an acryl-modified polyoraganosiloxane having a radical reactivity and an acryl-modified polyoraganosiloxane having an amine structure is dispersed in a radical polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer which is formed thereon and contains at least one resin of a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, or a polycarbonate resin, each resin having at least a structural unit of formula (1): wherein R1, R2, R3, a, b, and n are the same as those specified in the specification. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus and method, and a process cartridge employ the above photoconductor.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer overlying the electroconductive substrate. An outermost layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is a crosslinked layer including a radical polymerizing monomer having three or more functional groups without a charge transporting structure. The outermost layer also includes a radical polymerizing compound having one functional group with a charge transporting structure and a reactive silicone compound having a radical polymerizing functional group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor having at least a photoconductive layer on an electrically conductive support, wherein a surface layer of the photoconductive layer is a crosslinked layer obtainable by curing at least a three or more-functional radical-polymerizable monomer having no charge transporting structure and a charge transportation compound having a radical-polymerizable functional group by using an acylphosphine oxide compound as a photo-polymerization initiator under light energy irradiation.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor comprising at least an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer which is formed on said electroconductive support, the outermost layer of the photoconductor contains particles comprising a polyorganosiloxane-containing phase which contains polyorganosiloxane and an organic polymer-containing phase which contains organic polymer without silicon and has a polyorganosiloxane content which is less than the polyorganosiloxane-containing phase, each phase being exposed at the top surface of the photoconductor.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor in which at least a photosensitive layer is provided above an electroconductive substrate, the outermost surface layer of the electroconductive substrate contains at least an inorganic filler, a binder resin, and an aliphatic polyester, or, alternatively, the outermost surface layer of the electroconductive substrate contains at least an inorganic filler and a binder resin and the binder resin is a copolymer polyarylate having an alkylene-arylcarboxylate structural unit, also an image forming method, image forming apparatus, and image forming apparatus processing unit in which the electrophotographic photoreceptor is used.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor in which at least a photosensitive layer is provided above an electroconductive substrate, the outermost surface layer of the electroconductive substrate contains at least an inorganic filler, a binder resin, and an aliphatic polyester, or, alternatively, the outermost surface layer of the electroconductive substrate contains at least an inorganic filler and a binder resin and the binder resin is a copolymer polyarylate having an alkylene-arylcarboxylate structural unit, also an image forming method, image forming apparatus, and image forming apparatus processing unit in which the electrophotographic photoreceptor is used.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor having at least a photoconductive layer on an electrically conductive support, in which a surface layer of the photoconductive layer can be obtained by curing at least a free-radical-polymerizable monomer having no electron transporting structure, represented by general formula (A) and a one-functional free-radical-polymerizable compound having an electron transporting structure, wherein R71, R72, R73, R74, R75, and R76 are described in the specification.

Abstract: An aromatic block polycarbonate resin is prepared by polymerizing a diphenol compound of formula (2) or (4), a diol compound of formula (1) or (5), and a halogenated carbonyl compound. The diphenol compound of formula (4) is produced by polymerizing the diphenol compound of formula (2) and a halogenated carbonyl compound by solution or interfacial polymerization. An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon containing the above-mentioned aromatic block polycarbonate resin. An electrophotographic image forming method or apparatus employs the above-mentioned photoconductor. A process cartridge holds therein the photoconductor and at least one of the electrophotographic image forming units.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a photoconductor having improved wear resistance, and which has reduced foreign matter attached on the photoconductor surface. The electrophotographic photoconductor of the present invention is formed by sequentially disposing a photoconductive layer comprising at least one layer and a protective layer on an electroconductive support, and the protective layer comprises an acrylic resin and/or a methacrylic resin and a resin composition comprising an acryl-modified polyorganosiloxane compound which is dispersed in or compatible with the acrylic resin and/or the methacrylic resin.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support, and a photoconductive layer formed thereon containing as an effective component an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a structural unit of formula (2) and a structural unit with charge transporting properties, each of the structural units being contained in an amount of 5 wt. % or more of the total weight of the polycarbonate resin. There is disclosed an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a structural unit of formula (1) and the structural unit of formula (2), with the relationship between the composition ratios being 0<k/(k+j)<1 when the composition ratio of the structural unit (1) is k and that of the structural unit (2) is j, or an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a repeat unit of formula (3). The formulas (1) to (3) are specified in the specification.