Abstract: Provided is a spiral spring device that increases the rotational range of the rotary shaft of an apparatus, that secures the strength of the rotary shaft, and that makes the functional components to be more easily housed inside of the rotary shaft, in which an inner end of a spiral spring is coupled to a shaft, and an outer end of the spiral spring is coupled to a sub shaft that is different from the shaft of the apparatus. The inner end of the spiral spring is shaped to follow the outline of the shaft to be coupled to the shaft by tightening.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for joining an RE123 oxide superconductor matrix obtained by a melt process by the use of a solder material. The (110) plane of an RE123 oxide superconductor matrix obtained by a melt process is used as the plane to be joined, a solder material composed of an RE123 oxide superconductor having a lower melting point than the above-mentioned RE123 oxide superconductor is interposed between the planes to be joined, and this solder material is melted and then solidified to form a joining layer, thereby joining the matrices. The solder material can be a sinter, a melt-processed material, a powder, a slurry, or a molded powder.

Abstract: There is provided a recoil starter which is capable of inhibiting settling and bending in the spiral spring of spiral spring mechanism, thus improving the durability of the spiral spring and preventing the internal hook end of the spiral spring from being easily disengaged from the core portion. The spiral spring mechanism comprises a spiral spring case placed close to the driving member, a actuating pulley placed close to the driven member, a spiral spring interposed between the spiral spring case and the actuating pulley, and means for rotating the spiral spring case only unidirectionally, wherein the outer and inner ends of the spiral spring are fastened to the spiral spring case and the actuating pulley, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for joining an RE123 oxide superconductor matrix obtained by a melt process by the use of a solder material. The (110) plane of an RE123 oxide superconductor matrix obtained by a melt process is used as the plane to be joined, a solder material composed of an RE123 oxide superconductor having a lower melting point than the above-mentioned RE123 oxide superconductor is interposed between the planes to be joined, and this solder material is melted and then solidified to form a joining layer, thereby joining the matrices. The solder material can be a sinter, a melt-processed material, a powder, a slurry, or a molded powder.

Abstract: There is provided a recoil starter which is capable of inhibiting settling and bending in the spiral spring of spiral spring mechanism, thus improving the durability of the spiral spring and preventing the internal hook end of the spiral spring from being easily disengaged from the core portion. The spiral spring mechanism comprises a spiral spring case placed close to the driving member, a actuating pulley placed close to the driven member, a spiral spring interposed between the spiral spring case and the actuating pulley, and means for rotating the spiral spring case only unidirectionally, wherein the outer and inner ends of the spiral spring are fastened to the spiral spring case and the actuating pulley, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oxide magnetic material, which includes a primary phase of a hexagonal ferrite containing metallic elements Ca, R, Fe and M, where M represents at least one element selected from the group including Co, Ni and Zn, and R represents at least one element selected from the group including Bi and rare earth elements including Y, with La being essentially included in R; wherein the proportions of the metallic elements Ca, R, Fe and M with respect to the total amount of the metallic elements are from 1 to 13 atomic % for Ca, from 0.05 to 10 atomic % for R, from 80 to 95 atomic % for Fe, and from 1 to 7 atomic % for M. The present invention also provides ferrite particles, a bonded magnet, a sintered magnet, a process for producing them, and a magnetic recording medium, which contain the oxide magnetic material.

Abstract: The magnetic powder and the sintered magnet of the invention contains a primary phase of a hexagonal ferrite containing A, Co or R wherein A represents Sr, Ba or Ca, and R represents at least one element which may be rare earth elements including Y, and Bi, and have at least two different Curie temperatures. wherein the two different Curie temperatures are present within a range of from 400 to 480° C., and an absolute value of a difference therebetween is 5° C. or more. As both the saturation magnetization and the magnetic anisotropy of the M type ferrite therein are increased, the magnetic powder and the wintered magnet have a high residual magnetic flux density and a high coercive force, which conventional M type ferrite magnets could not have, while having excellent temperature characteristics of coercive force.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to simultaneously increase the saturation magnetization and magnetic anisotropy of M type ferrite, thereby realizing a hexagonal ferrite magnet having a high remanence and high coercivity which could never be achieved in prior art M type hexagonal ferrite magnets. The object is attained by a hexagonal ferrite magnet comprising A, R, and Fe, wherein A represents at least one element selected from among Sr, Ba, and Ca, and R represents an element capable of assuming a valence of +3 or +4 and having an ionic radius of at least 1.00 angstrom, and n/N is up to 0.35 provided that N is the total number of crystal grains and n is the number of crystal grains having stacking faults.

Abstract: The invention aims to provide a ferrite magnet having a high remanence and a high coercivity which are unachievable with prior art hexagonal ferrite magnets, by realizing a hexagonal ferrite whose saturation magnetization and magnetic anisotropy are both high; a ferrite magnet having a high remanence and a high coercivity as well as significantly improved temperature properties of coercivity and experiencing a minimized drop of coercivity even in a low temperature range; a ferrite magnet having a high remanence and a high coercivity using relatively coarse ferrite particles with a particle diameter in excess of 1 .mu.m; and a magnetic recording medium having a high remanence and thermal stability.

Abstract: The magnetic powder and the sintered magnet of the invention contains a primary phase of a hexagonal ferrite containing A, Co or R wherein A represents Sr, Ba or Ca, and R represents at least one element which may be rare earth elements including Y, and Bi, and have at least two different Curie temperatures, wherein the two different Curie temperatures are present within a range of from 400 to 480.degree. C., and an absolute value of a difference therebetween is 5.degree. C. or more. As both the saturation magnetization and the magnetic anisotropy of the M type ferrite therein are increased, the magnetic powder and the wintered magnet have a high residual magnetic flux density and a high coercive force, which conventional M type ferrite magnets could not have, while having excellent temperature characteristics of coercive force.

Abstract: An idle speed control apparatus includes an electronic control unit connected to sensors and switches for detecting the on-off states of an air conditioner and other devices, throttle opening, engine speed, etc. The electronic control unit selectively drives fuel injection valves for adjusting the injection quantity, air bypass valve for adjusting the suction air amount, and/or EGR valve for adjusting the exhaust gas recirculation rate in accordance with an engine load detected by the sensors and switches, thereby selectively executing air-fuel ratio adjustment, suction air amount adjustment, and/or exhaust gas recirculation rate adjustment as required, giving priority to the air-fuel ratio adjustment and suction air amount adjustment in the order named. Thus, idle speed control to cope with engine load fluctuations can be carried out with stability.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a cylinder-injection engine includes an electronic control unit which calculates an average effective pressure according to throttle opening and engine rotation speed, calculates an intake air amount per intake stroke according to an intake air amount detected by an airflow sensor and engine rotation speed, and calculates a volumetric efficiency based on the calculated intake air amount.

Abstract: A control apparatus that changes the fuel injection mode of a cylinder-injection spark-ignition internal combustion engine without causing a misfire or smoke, lowering the exhaust characteristics or fuel-efficiency, or bringing about a changeover shock provided. An electronic control unit (70) of the control apparatus sets a first-term injection mode for fuel injection in a suction stroke or a second-term injection mode for fuel injection in a compression stroke in accordance with the engine operation state, and sets the values of parameters, such as the fuel injection quantity, ignition timing, exhaust gas recirculation quantity, etc., which are concerned in the combustion state in the engine, at values suitable for the set injection mode, thereby controlling the engine operation.

Abstract: The method of the invention uses a molding slurry containing a particulate oxide magnetic material and water and having a dispersant added thereto. The dispersant is an organic compound having a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group or a neutralized salt thereof or a lactone thereof, an organic compound having a hydroxymethylcarbonyl group, or an organic compound having an enol form hydroxyl group dissociable as an acid or a neutralized salt thereof. The organic compound has 3 to 20 carbon atoms, with the hydroxyl group being attached to at least 50% of carbon atoms other than the carbon atom forming a double bond with an oxygen atom. Citric acid or a neutralized salt thereof is also useful as the dispersant. The addition of the dispersant facilitates the wetting of the particulate oxide magnetic material with water and improves the dispersion of primary particles and a degree of orientation upon molding.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an ignition timing of a cylinder-injection gasoline engine includes an electronic control unit (ECU) for controlling the operation of an ignition coil. The ECU advances the ignition timing in accordance with the throttle opening in consideration of a delay in increase of the wall temperature of a combustion chamber when the acceleration of a vehicle is detected by the change of the throttle opening. In order to prevent knocking of the engine attributable to the increase of the wall temperature, the ECU gradually decreases an advance angle for the ignition timing to 0 with the passage of control time. When the engine is reaccelerated during the advance angle correction, the ECU newly sets an advance angle for the ignition timing and a control time, corresponding to the increase of the wall temperature.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes an electronic control unit (23) which has a fuel injection information calculating section for periodically calculating fuel injection information according to the operation state of the engine, a temporary setting section for temporarily setting fuel injection information derived at specific timing prior to the actuation of the fuel injection valve in a desired operation cycle as fuel injection information in the desired operation cycle, and a correcting section for correcting the temporally set fuel injection information based on fuel injection information derived at a correction timing set later than the specific timing; and a fuel injection valve driving section (34) for driving the fuel injection valves (8) provided for the respective cylinders of the engine for each operation cycle of the engine based on the fuel injection information, to thereby effect more adequate fuel injection control based on the newest fuel injection in

Abstract: When starting of an in-cylinder injection engine 1 is detected, a cylinder discrimination, which discriminates each cylinder, is effected. After each cylinder is discriminated, it is determined whether or not a water temperature detected by a water temperature sensor 16 exceeds a predetermined value. When the water temperature is below the predetermined value, fuel injection is started from the fuel injection valve 4 of a cylinder subjected to at least one compression stroke. Thereby, the cylinder discrimination is effected quickly, and it is made possible to raise the temperature within the combustion chamber 5, by means lapse of at least one compression stroke, at low water temperatures at which the starting ability tends to be deteriorated, and the starting ability of the in-cylinder injection engine 1 at low water temperatures is improved while shortening the starting time.

Abstract: An engine control unit of a control apparatus for an in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine sets a fuel injection timing for a compression-stroke injection mode in accordance with a fuel injection quantity, and corrects the fuel injection timing according to an engine cooling water temperature. When the cooling water temperature is lower than a temperature observed when a warm-up operation is completed, the fuel injection timing for the compression-stroke injection mode is corrected for advance or retard on the basis of the engine characteristic proper, and fuel is injected at an appropriate time such that the fuel evaporation rate and the fuel stratification degree which permit the stabilized combustion of the fuel injected into the combustion chamber are attained, whereby the fuel is evaporated satisfactorily. Thus, the occurrence of misfire and the emission of harmful gas components can be restrained effectively during the warm-up operation in the compression-stroke injection mode.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus for a cylinder-injection type internal combustion engine performs a switching of fuel injection control modes in accordance with the operating state of the internal combustion engine when the engine is operating in a steady state. When the internal combustion engine is operating in a transitional state, for example, when the engine is accelerating or decelerating, a fuel injection control mode suited for the transitional operating state is selected preferentially over the mode selection for a steady state by a fuel injection control mode switching means. Consequently, the fuel injection control apparatus permits desirable operation of the internal combustion engine, making it possible to greatly improve the drivability of a vehicle in which the engine is installed.

Abstract: An idle speed control apparatus includes an electronic control unit connected to sensors and switches for detecting the on-off states of an air conditioner and other devices, throttle opening, engine speed, etc. The electronic control unit selectively drives fuel injection valves for adjusting the injection quantity, air bypass valve for adjusting the suction rate, and/or EGR valve for adjusting the exhaust gas recirculation rate in accordance with an engine load detected by the sensors and switches, thereby selectively executing air-fuel ratio adjustment, suction rate adjustment, and/or exhaust gas recirculation rate adjustment as required, giving priority to the air-fuel ratio adjustment and suction rate adjustment in the order named. Thus, idle speed control to cope with engine load fluctuations can be carried out with stability.