Abstract: A camera system includes an interchangeable lens and a camera main body. The interchangeable lens includes a lens side storage unit that stores pupil related data according to an image height. The camera main body includes an image sensor including focus detection pixels, a main body side storage unit that stores correction data, and a correction unit corrects non-uniformity in illumination distribution of outputs of the focus detection pixels. The pupil related data is data regarding an F-number and an exit pupil position. The data regarding the F-number indicates a range of luminous flux to be applied to the focus detection pixels at a predetermined image height. The data regarding the exit pupil position relates to a position of intersection of a center of luminous flux applied to the focus detection pixels at a predetermined image height and an optical axis of the imaging optical system.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus has a body portion to which a lens portion is mountable and to which an image forming luminous flux is conducted from the lens portion, and the photographing apparatus includes an image pickup device having pixels for image pickup and pixels for focus detection, a storage section that retains information of sensitivity characteristics of the pixels for focus detection, and a control amount calculation section that obtains information about an incident angle and an angular range of the image forming luminous flux from the lens portion and calculates information for focus control based on the obtained information and information read from the storage section. The focus control of high precision is enabled with simple configuration, irrespective of a lens system.

Abstract: A situation comprehending apparatus included in an imaging apparatus includes an image acquiring section, a structure specifying section, a distance acquiring section, a main subject specifying section, and a main subject distance distribution determining section. The image acquiring section acquires an image of a target scene. The structure specifying section specifies a structure having linear image information in a far or near direction of the target scene or in a direction perpendicular to the far or near direction. The distance acquiring section acquires a distance to a structure straight line included in the structure. The main subject specifying section specifies a main subject different from the structure included in the image. The main subject distance distribution determining section determines distance distribution to the main subject with use of an image of the structure and an image of the main subject.

Abstract: A camera system includes an interchangeable lens and a camera main body. The interchangeable lens includes a lens side storage unit that stores pupil related data according to an image height. The camera main body includes an image sensor including focus detection pixels, a main body side storage unit that stores correction data, and a correction unit corrects non-uniformity in illumination distribution of outputs of the focus detection pixels. The pupil related data is data regarding an F-number and an exit pupil position. The data regarding the F-number indicates a range of luminous flux to be applied to the focus detection pixels at a predetermined image height. The data regarding the exit pupil position relates to a position of intersection of a center of luminous flux applied to the focus detection pixels at a predetermined image height and an optical axis of the imaging optical system.

Abstract: A focus adjustment device comprises an image sensor having imaging pixels and focus detection pixels, which subjects light flux that is passed through a photographing lens to photoelectric conversion and outputs an image signal, a first memory which stores information relating to incident angle range of light flux that is incident towards the image sensor, a second memory which stores information relating to characteristics of the image sensor, and a calculation section which calculates information for focus adjustment based on output of the first memory and output of the second memory.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus of the present invention, having a lens section including a photographing optical system for guiding photographing light flux and a body section capable of being attached to and detached from the lens section, comprises an image sensor having imaging pixels and pairs of focus detection pixels, a first memory for storing information relating to incident angle range of imaging light flux, a second memory, arranged in the body section, for storing information on light receiving sensitivity characteristic of the focus detection pixels, and a control amount calculate section for calculating information for focus adjustment control based on information that has been read out from the first memory and the second memory, wherein the information relating to incident angle range includes information relating to shape of a plurality of arcs based on openings of a plurality of lens groups contained in the photographing optical system.

Abstract: A film manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a film having excellent dimensional stability to heat at a good product yield and performing a stress relaxation treatment of the film include performing the stress relaxation treatment while conveying the film in a non-contact state using a levitation conveyance device for jetting a heated gas from gas injection holes to the film and conveying the film in a non-contact state. The film manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus are particularly suitable for stress relaxation treatment of a polyimide film obtained by heat-treating a polyimide film precursor.

Abstract: A seal structure is provided to block a clearance between a rotational casing and a fixed housing for driving a crawler of a crawler vehicle. A seal ring is held in a first annular holding groove provided in the fixed housing together with a first O-ring that biases the seal ring toward the outside of the first holding groove. A second holding groove having an opening facing the first holding groove is provided in the rotational casing to hold a slide ring having a higher rigidity than that of the seal ring together with a second O-ring that biases the slide ring toward the seal ring. A foreign object such as mud is thereby prevented from invading a gear chamber without increasing a frictional loss.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus has a body portion to which a lens portion is mountable and to which an image forming luminous flux is conducted from the lens portion, and the photographing apparatus includes an image pickup device having pixels for image pickup and pixels for focus detection, a storage section that retains information of sensitivity characteristics of the pixels for focus detection, and a control amount calculation section that obtains information about an incident angle and an angular range of the image forming luminous flux from the lens portion and calculates information for focus control based on the obtained information and information read from the storage section. The focus control of high precision is enabled with simple configuration, irrespective of a lens system.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes a frontmost lens unit, which is located closest to the object side and a plurality of lens units located closer to the image side than the frontmost lens unit. All the distances between adjacent lens units vary during zooming in the state in which the zoom lens is focused on an object at infinity. One of the plurality of lens units is a first focusing lens unit. During focusing from an object at infinity to an object at a short distance in a first shooting mode, only the first focusing lens unit moves. During focusing from an object at infinity to an object at a short distance in a second shooting mode, two lens units in the zoom lens move.

Abstract: A waterproof camera includes an image pickup section, a display section that displays image data, a mode setting section that sets a semi-underwater mode in which both objects under water and above water are simultaneously photographed, and a display control section that limits a display range of the display section when the semi-underwater mode is set, wherein the mode setting section controls the position of a photographing lens or the like to adjust a focus balance of at least one of under water and above water, and the display control section displays both object images under water and above water within a limited display range of the display section.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes a frontmost lens unit, which is located closest to the object side and a plurality of lens units located closer to the image side than the frontmost lens unit. All the distances between adjacent lens units vary during zooming in the state in which the zoom lens is focused on an object at infinity. One of the plurality of lens units is a first focusing lens unit. During focusing from an object at infinity to an object at a short distance in a first shooting mode, only the first focusing lens unit moves. During focusing from an object at infinity to an object at a short distance in a second shooting mode, two lens units in the zoom lens move.

Abstract: A waterproof camera includes an image pickup section, a display section that displays image data, a mode setting section that sets a semi-underwater mode in which both objects under water and above water are simultaneously photographed, and a display control section that limits a display range of the display section when the semi-underwater mode is set, wherein the mode setting section controls the position of a photographing lens or the like to adjust a focus balance of at least one of under water and above water, and the display control section displays both object images under water and above water within a limited display range of the display section.

Abstract: In a tandem piston pump (1) from which pump discharge pressure from four systems is extracted, a tilt axis direction of a front swash plate (14) and a tilt axis direction of a rear swash plate (54) are different to each other, respective discharge ports (23, 24) of a rear pump (50) are opened at a phase difference relative to respective discharge ports (21, 22) of a front pump (10), and respective pump ports (41, 42) of the front pump (10) and respective pump ports (43, 44) of the rear pump (50) are opened in different side faces (71, 72) of a port block (70).

Abstract: A waterproof camera includes an image pickup section, a display section that displays image data, a mode setting section that sets a semi-underwater mode in which both objects under water and above water are simultaneously photographed, and a display control section that limits a display range of the display section when the semi-underwater mode is set, wherein the mode setting section controls the position of a photographing lens or the like to adjust a focus balance of at least one of under water and above water, and the display control section displays both object images under water and above water within a limited display range of the display section.

Abstract: A waterproof camera includes an image pickup section, a display section that displays image data, a mode setting section that sets a semi-underwater mode in which both objects under water and above water are simultaneously photographed, and a display control section that limits a display range of the display section when the semi-underwater mode is set, wherein the mode setting section controls the position of a photographing lens or the like to adjust a focus balance of at least one of under water and above water, and the display control section displays both object images under water and above water within a limited display range of the display section

Abstract: In a tandem piston pump (1) from which pump discharge pressure from four systems is extracted, a tilt axis direction of a front swash plate (14) and a tilt axis direction of a rear swash plate (54) are different to each other, respective discharge ports (23, 24) of a rear pump (50) are opened at a phase difference relative to respective discharge ports (21, 22) of a front pump (10), and respective pump ports (41, 42) of the front pump (10) and respective pump ports (43, 44) of the rear pump (50) are opened in different side faces (71, 72) of a port block (70).

Abstract: A two-unit zoom lens system which comprises a negative first lens unit G1 and a positive second lens unit G2, during change of magnification from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, the first lens unit and the second lens unit are moved so as to reduce a space between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, the first lens unit includes a negative sub-unit G1a and a positive sub-unit G1b, the second lens unit has a first positive lens L21, a second negative lens L22, and a third positive lens L23, and the system further has an aperture stop S disposed in an air space which comes into contact with the first positive lens L21.

Abstract: A two-unit zoom lens system which comprises a negative first lens unit G1 and a positive second lens unit G2, during change of magnification from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, the first lens unit and the second lens unit are moved so as to reduce a space between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, the first lens unit includes a negative sub-unit G1a and a positive sub-unit G1b, the second lens unit has a first positive lens L21, a second negative lens L22, and a third positive lens L23, and the system further has an aperture stop S disposed in an air space which comes into contact with the first positive lens L21.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display element having an adequate pre-tilt angle for preventing the reverse domain, as well as excellent electrical properties by preparation of the polyamic acid composition for the liquid crystal display element comprises a polyamic acid A that excels in electrical properties and a polyamic acid B that has side chains, mixed in the ratio A/B of 50/50 to 95/5 (by weight).