Abstract: A gear transmission comprises a traveling load detection means including an upstream detection member, a downstream detection member and a biasing member. One of the upstream and downstream detection members is an axially slidable detection member which is axially slidable along an output shaft. One of the upstream and downstream detection members has a first engagement part and a second engagement part. The first engagement part and the second engagement part generate respective forces for sliding the axially slidable detection member opposite to the biasing direction of the biasing member. The forces are changed according to variation of the traveling load.

Abstract: A working vehicle transmission system comprises a PTO device for driving an external working device by power of a prime mover, and a multistage transmission for transmitting power from the prime mover to an axle. The multistage transmission includes a main speed-change mechanism and a sub speed-change mechanism. The main speed-change mechanism has plural drive trains for setting respective different speed stages. The sub speed-change mechanism is disposed downstream of the main speed-change mechanism and has plural drive trains for setting respective different speed stages. The main speed-change mechanism includes a first clutch and a second clutch. The main speed-change mechanism drive trains used for setting odd-numbered speed stages are activated by engaging the first clutch. On the other hand, the main speed-change mechanism drive trains used for setting even-numbered speed stages are activated by engaging the second clutch.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device can increase the amount of signal charge accumulation in a photodiode. The solid-state imaging device includes a gate electrode formed on a p-type semiconductor substrate. An n-type signal accumulation region accumulates the signal charge obtained through a photo-electrical conversion, and is formed in the semiconductor substrate so that a portion of the signal accumulation region is positioned below the gate electrode. An n-type drain region is positioned in the semiconductor substrate so that the n-type drain region is positioned opposite the signal accumulation region across the gate electrode. A p-type punch-through stopper region has a higher impurity concentration than the semiconductor substrate, and is formed in the semiconductor substrate so that the p-type punch-through region is positioned below the drain region, wherein an end of the punch-through stopper region is positioned closer to the signal accumulation region than the end of the drain region.

Abstract: A solid-state image sensing apparatus has a signal storage portion of a second conductivity type provided within a semiconductor substrate or a well each of a first conductivity type to store a signal charge obtained through a photoelectric conversion, a surface shield layer of the first conductivity type provided in a surface portion of the semiconductor substrate or the well which is located above the signal storage portion, a gate electrode provided over the semiconductor substrate or the well in adjacent relation to at least one end of the signal storage portion, and a drain region of the second conductivity type provided in a surface portion of the semiconductor substrate or the well which is on the side opposite to the surface shield layer when viewed from the gate electrode.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus interposed between a prime mover and an axle, comprising: an automatic continuously variable belt transmission serving as a main transmission; and a gear transmission serving as a sub-transmission. The sub-transmission includes input means for receiving power from the main transmission, output means for outputting power to the axle, a first gear train interposed between the input means and the output means so as to have a first deceleration ratio, a first clutch disposed on the first gear train, a second gear train interposed between the input means and the output means so as to have a second deceleration ratio which is different from the first deceleration ratio, and a second clutch disposed on the second gear train. The first clutch is engaged when a rotary speed of the input means is not smaller than a threshold value, and the second clutch is engaged unless the first clutch is engaged.

Abstract: A vehicle has an engine, an accelerator for controlling the rotary speed of the engine, an axle and a multi-speed transmission for transmitting power from the engine to the axle. The multi-speed transmission includes an odd-numbered speed drive train for an odd-numbered speed level, a first clutch for the odd-numbered speed drive train, an even-numbered speed drive train for an even-numbered speed level, and a second clutch for the even-numbered speed drive train. In correspondence to operation of the accelerator and an actual speed of the axle, either the odd-numbered speed drive train or the even-numbered speed drive train is selected so as to transmit power from the engine to the axle. A shift-up or shift-down timing between the odd-numbered speed level and the even-numbered speed level relative to variation of the actual speed of the axle is changed according to detection of a tilt angle of the vehicle or a weight of the vehicle.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a solid-state imaging device which can increase the amount of signal charge accumulation in a photodiode, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A recycle developer bearing body which is an effective recycle of a used developer bearing body, helps effective utilization of resources, and does not result in image quality degradation, such as developer concentration unevenness. In the recycle developer bearing body, even when scars or other defects are developed on a developer bearing surface of the developer bearing body from previous use, a surface roughness Ra of the developer bearing surface having the scars or other defects of the developer bearing body is 0.8 ?m or more.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a charging member for an electrophotographic system that is pressed against a surface of a body to charge the body, a charging member and a device for regenerating a charging member are provided. The method includes a step of applying heat treatment to the charging member. A used charging member, whose resistance is not decreased enough to recover a required chargeability by cleaning the surface thereof, can easily be regenerated and reused.

Abstract: The invention provides a washing method for a charging member by removing the deposited substance on the surface, thus making the charging member reusable. The washing method, for an electrophotographic charging member to be pressed to the surface of a member to be charged thereby charging the member to be charged, has a step of washing the surface of the charging member at least once with an acidic aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a recycle developer bearing body which is an effective recycle of a used developer bearing body, which helps effective utilization of resources, and which has no fear of image quality degradation such as developer concentration unevenness. In the recycle developer bearing body, even when scars or other defects are developed on a developer bearing surface of the developer bearing body from previous use, a surface roughness Ra of the developer bearing surface having the scars or other defects of the developer bearing body is 0.8 &mgr;m or more.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a charging member for an electrophotographic system that is pressed against a surface of a body to charge the body, a charging member and a device for regenerating a charging member are provided. The method includes a step of applying heat treatment to the charging member. A used charging member, whose resistance is not decreased enough to recover a required chargeability by cleaning the surface thereof, can easily be regenerated and reused.

Abstract: The invention provides a washing method for a charging member by removing the deposited substance on the surface, thus making the charging member reusable. The washing method, for an electrophotographic charging member to be pressed to the surface of a member to be charged thereby charging the member to be charged, has a step of washing the surface of the charging member at least once with an acidic aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process cartridge recycling method which includes a water washing step, which washes a used process cartridge using water. In this step, so as not to cause deterioration of a working environment of washing, a casing of members which structure the process cartridge is extracted, and water is sprayed at the casing for washing. Also, a process cartridge recycled by this method, and a process cartridge recycling device which implements this method.