Abstract: Non-compensation signal points are determined in a two-dimensional plane without considering a signal error caused by digital quadrature modulation. The two-dimensional plane is defined by a real axis and an imaginary axis. The real axis corresponds to real-part signal components. The imaginary axis corresponds to imaginary-part signal components. Compensation signal points are determined in the two-dimensional plane in response to a signal error caused by digital quadrature modulation if the non-compensation signal points are used. The non-compensation signal points and the compensation signal points are point-symmetry. Digital information signal pieces are sequentially assigned to one of the compensation signal points in response to contents of the digital information signal pieces. The digital information pieces are subjected to a modulation process including digital quadrature modulation in response to the above-mentioned assignment to generate a radio-frequency transmission signal.

Abstract: Data pieces representative of in-phase components and quadrature components of a digital-modulation-resultant signal are assigned to frequencies for inverse fast Fourier transform. The inverse fast Fourier transform is executed at a predetermined sampling frequency Fs to convert the data pieces into a real-part signal and an imaginary-part signal. Phases of the real-part signal and the imaginary-part signal are shifted. Each of the phase-shifted real-part signal and the phase-shifted imaginary-part signal is divided into a sequence of even-numbered samples and a sequence of odd-numbered samples. A digital quadrature-modulation-resultant signal is generated from further manipulation of the even-numbered and odd-numbered samples.

Abstract: A first orthogonal-multi-carrier signal is generated through N-point inverse discrete Fourier transform. The first orthogonal-multi-carrier signal has “N” or less orthogonal multiple carriers, where “N” denotes a predetermined natural number equal to or greater than 2. Every 1-unit time segment of the first orthogonal-multi-carrier signal is repeated “M” times to generate every 1-symbol time segment of a second orthogonal-multi-carrier signal. The second orthogonal-multi-carrier signal has a thinned set of “N” or less orthogonal multiple carriers spaced at M-carrier intervals, where “M” denotes a predetermined natural number equal to or greater than 2.

Abstract: Every segment of an input information signal is assigned to one of first signal points in a complex plane in response to a state of the segment. First signal-point information is generated which represents the assignment of the segment to one of the first signal points. Second signal-point information is generated in response to the first signal-point information. The first signal-point information and the second signal-point information are symmetrical with respect to a predetermined frequency having a relation of a predetermined integer ratio with an IDFT sampling frequency to cancel and nullify one of a real-part IDFT-resultant signal and an imaginary-part IDFT-resultant signal. IDFT is implemented in response to the first signal-point information and the second signal-point information to generate an IDFT-resultant OFDM signal having only one of a real-part component and an imaginary-part component.

Abstract: Non-compensation signal points are determined in a two-dimensional plane without considering a signal error caused by digital quadrature modulation. The two-dimensional plane is defined by a real axis and an imaginary axis. The real axis corresponds to real-part signal components. The imaginary axis corresponds to imaginary-part signal components. Compensation signal points are determined in the two-dimensional plane in response to a signal error caused by digital quadrature modulation if the non-compensation signal points are used. The non-compensation signal points and the compensation signal points are point-symmetry. Digital information signal pieces are sequentially assigned to one of the compensation signal points in response to contents of the digital information signal pieces. The digital information pieces are subjected to a modulation process including digital quadrature modulation in response to the above-mentioned assignment to generate a radio-frequency transmission signal.

Abstract: A color display device has a single light guiding plate, and first, second and third light sources that respectively independently exhibit three primary colors. On a one end surface of the light guiding plate there are disposed the first and second light sources that exhibit two different ones of the three primary colors. On the other end surface side of the light guiding plate there is disposed the third light source that exhibits the remaining one primary color. Since the light guiding means is needed only one in number, the structure can be simplified and miniaturized. Also, on the one end surface of the light guiding means there are disposed, of the three light sources exhibiting the three primary colors, the first and second light sources that exhibit two different ones of the three primary colors. And, on the other end surface side of the light guiding means there is disposed the third light source that exhibits the remaining one primary color.

Abstract: A color light emitting device comprises a casing, six tubular light sources within the casing, and a reflecting surface. The casing has a bottom surface portion and a side surface portion extending from a peripheral edge of the bottom surface portion. The reflecting surface is provided on each of the bottom surface portion and the side surface portion. The six light sources are arrayed substantially in parallel with the bottom surface in the order of red, green, blue, red, green and blue. The outer-peripheral surface of the red color light source at one end faces the side surface portion. The reflecting surface has a colored portion that is in the proximity of the red color light source at one end. The colored portion is colored to have a blue color which is not a green color disposed near the red color light source at one end, of the green color and blue color.

Abstract: A DSV (Digital Sum Value) control system for use in conversion of a sequence of m-bit digital data codes into at least first and second sequences of n-bit digital modulation codes using a plurality of modulation tables under the DVD (Digital Video Disc) standards, for example. The DSV control system outputs a sequence of modulation codes produced by selecting, in time sequence, one of the codes of the first sequence or one of the codes of the second sequence according to a select signal SB. The select signal SB is provided based on a DSV control enable flag indicating that DSV control enable codes of the first and second sequences will appear at a following address and a select signal SA indicating which of the DSV control enable codes of the first and second sequences should be selected in order to optimize a DSV of the outputted sequence of modulation codes.

Abstract: When information signals are recorded on an information signal recording medium formed with circular information signal tracks, the information signals are recorded after being scrambled with scrambling signals of cyclic codes. The period at which the scrambling signal makes a round is determined longer than a time length of an information signal quantity recorded on the maximum recording capacity (e.g., the outermost tracks), or a part of the scrambling signals are used repeatedly. The information signal recording method can remove the correlation between the adjacent tracks, and thereby enable a stable tracking control.

Abstract: When information signals are recorded on an information signal recording medium formed with circular information signal tracks, the information signals are recorded after being scrambled with scrambling signals of cyclic codes. The period at which the scrambling signal makes a round is determined longer than a time length of an information signal quantity recorded on the maximum recording capacity (e.g., the outermost tracks), or a part of the scrambling signals are used repeatedly. The information signal recording method can remove the correlation between the adjacent tracks, and thereby enable a stable tracking control.

Abstract: When information signals are recorded on an information signal recording medium formed with circular information signal tracks, the information signals are recorded after being scrambled with scrambling signals of cyclic codes. The period at which the scrambling signal makes a round is determined longer than a time length of an information signal quantity recorded on the maximum recording capacity (e.g., the outermost tracks), or a part of the scrambling signals are used repeatedly. The information signal recording method can remove the correlation between the adjacent tracks, and thereby enable a stable tracking control.

Abstract: When information signals are recorded on an information signal recording medium formed with circular information signal tracks, the information signals are recorded after being scrambled with scrambling signals of cyclic codes. The period at which the scrambling signal makes a round is determined longer than a time length of an information signal quantity recorded on the maximum recording capacity (e.g., the outermost tracks), or a part of the scrambling signals are used repeatedly. The information signal recording method can remove the correlation between the adjacent tracks, and thereby enable a stable tracking control.

Abstract: Digital modulating method and apparatus are provided which converts m-bit data codes, in sequence, into digital modulation codes each consisting of n channel bits (n>m) to form a modulation code sequence using connection codes. Bit patterns of portions of the modulation code sequence and the connection codes are changed or additional bit patterns are inserted into the modulation code sequence so as to meet given conditions of a minimum transition interval, a maximum transition interval, and a Digital Sum Value. Demodulating method and apparatus performing a reverse modulation operation are also described.