Abstract: A forming method of a thin layer with a pore is provided. The method includes forming a thin layer on a substrate, stacking a first mask and a second mask on the thin layer in this order, and forming a pore in the thin layer by dry etching. The first mask includes at least a self-assembling material. The second mask is more resistant to reactive etching or physical etching than the first mask.

Abstract: A functional film that has a hydrophilic property or an antifog property and that is formed on a base material includes a fluorine-containing layer that contains fluorine.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a hydrophilic film, containing a step of forming a hydrophilic layer mainly composed of SiO2 on a substrate, wherein at least one hydrophilic layer is formed on the substrate by a wet deposition method so that a layer thickness after drying is 10 nm or less in terms of optical layer thickness, and an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the hydrophilic film is 3 nm or more.

Abstract: A functional film provided on a base material and having a fine uneven structure on its surface of the functional includes a coating. The coating is a coating film or a coating layer of the fine uneven structure. The coating is on a surface of the base material or a constituent layer and covers at least a bumpy portion or an entire surface of the base material. The fine uneven structure includes bumps and dents whose mutual positional relationship and shape have randomness with no regularity in terms of identity or periodicity and does not generate diffracted light.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a piezoelectric element, which allows for forming a columnar microstructure with a small width and a high aspect ratio. The method is intended to produce a piezoelectric element 102 including a three-dimensional structure group 20 having a plurality of the three-dimensional structures 21 and 321 formed in a plate-like or columnar shape with a width of 30 ?m or less and a height of 80 ?m or more. The production method includes a first process of fabricating a plurality of plate-like or columnar precursor shapes 82a on a bulk material 81 formed of a Pb-based piezoelectric material, and a second process of reducing the width of the precursor shapes 82a to a predetermined value using an etching liquid.

Abstract: A piezoelectric member including metal electrodes with improved adhesiveness to piezoelectric elements is to be provided. A piezoelectric member 102 includes a piezoelectric element 21, and a pair of electrodes 41, 42 respectively formed on a pair of opposing surfaces 21b, 21c of the piezoelectric element 21. The electrodes 41, 42 includes: a base film 41a that is formed on the opposing surfaces 21b, 21c of the piezoelectric element 21 and contains a thiol group; a metal adhesive film 41b formed on the base film 41a; and an electrode film 41c that is formed on the metal adhesive film 41b and is for applying voltage to the piezoelectric element 21. The metal adhesive film 41b is formed with a different material from the electrode film 41c, and has a thickness of 1 to 10 nm.

Abstract: A dielectric multilayer film is composed of a plurality of layers on a substrate. The plurality of layers includes at least one low refractive index layer and at least one high refractive index layer. The uppermost layer farthest from the substrate is the low refractive index layer. The high refractive index layer disposed on a substrate side of the uppermost layer is a functional layer containing a metal oxide with a photocatalytic function. The uppermost layer is a hydrophilic layer containing a metal oxide with a hydrophilic function and has pores that partially expose a surface of the functional layer. The average width of the pores is equal to or greater than 5 nm.

Abstract: A dielectric film is provided on a transparent substrate. The dielectric film has at least one low refractive index layer. An uppermost layer of the dielectric film contains SiO2 and has a film density of 92% or more. The uppermost layer contains an element having an electronegativity smaller than Si.

Abstract: The present invention provides a piezoelectric element manufacturing method. The manufacturing method is a method of manufacturing a piezoelectric element comprising a piezoelectric body composite in which a piezoelectric body configured from a Pb-based piezoelectric material and a resin are alternately arranged, and comprises a step of etching, using an etching liquid, a plurality of parallel piezoelectric body segments formed by dicing. The etching liquid comprises a liquid which contains 0.1 to 20 mass % of hexafluorosilicic acid.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a piezoelectric element, which allows for forming a columnar microstructure with a small width and a high aspect ratio. The method is intended to produce a piezoelectric element 102 including a three-dimensional structure group 20 having a plurality of the three-dimensional structures 21 and 321 formed in a plate-like or columnar shape with a width of 30 ?m or less and a height of 80 ?m or more. The production method includes a first process of fabricating a plurality of plate-like or columnar precursor shapes 82a on a bulk material 81 formed of a Pb-based piezoelectric material, and a second process of reducing the width of the precursor shapes 82a to a predetermined value using an etching liquid.

Abstract: Provided is an optical element having particularly excellent salt water resistance and capable of exhibiting a photocatalytic effect. An optical element 100 is obtained by forming a multi-layer coating MC having two or more layers on a glass substrate GL that is an optically-transparent base plate. The multi-layer coating MC has at least one low-refractive-index layer L and at least one high-refractive-index layer H, and a topmost layer 10 farthest from the glass substrate GL is the low-refractive-index layer L. The high-refractive-index layer H adjacent to the topmost layer 10 is a functional layer 20 containing, as a main component, a metal oxide having a photocatalytic function. The topmost layer 10 has a plurality of pores 30 that partially expose a surface of the functional layer 20.

Abstract: A forming method of a thin layer with a pore is provided. The method includes forming a thin layer on a substrate, stacking a first mask and a second mask on the thin layer in this order, and forming a pore in the thin layer by dry etching. The first mask includes at least a self-assembling material. The second mask is more resistant to reactive etching or physical etching than the first mask.

Abstract: A piezoelectric member including metal electrodes with improved adhesiveness to piezoelectric elements is to be provided. A piezoelectric member 102 includes a piezoelectric element 21, and a pair of electrodes 41, 42 respectively formed on a pair of opposing surfaces 21b, 21c of the piezoelectric element 21. The electrodes 41, 42 includes: a base film 41a that is formed on the opposing surfaces 21b, 21c of the piezoelectric element 21 and contains a thiol group; a metal adhesive film 41b formed on the base film 41a; and an electrode film 41c that is formed on the metal adhesive film 41b and is for applying voltage to the piezoelectric element 21. The metal adhesive film 41b is formed with a different material from the electrode film 41c, and has a thickness of 1 to 10 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a piezoelectric element manufacturing method. The manufacturing method is a method of manufacturing a piezoelectric element comprising a piezoelectric body composite in which a piezoelectric body configured from a Pb-based piezoelectric material and a resin are alternately arranged, and comprises a step of etching, using an etching liquid, a plurality of parallel piezoelectric body segments formed by dicing. The etching liquid comprises a liquid which contains 0.1 to 20 mass % of hexafluorosilicic acid.

Abstract: A control device 20 for an aircraft steering apparatus controls an aircraft steering apparatus 1 comprising an operation unit including rudder pedals 4, a main pilot steering handle 2 and a co-pilot steering handle 3 which are provided in a cockpit of an aircraft, and an actuator 6 driven in accordance with an operation amount output from the operation unit for driving and steering at least a steered wheel 5, and the control device 20 includes a switching control unit 22 exclusively switches, based on instruction input from at least one of a main pilot and a co-pilot, which of operation amounts corresponding to operation of the rudder pedals 4, the main pilot steering handle 2 and the co-pilot steering handle 3 is used for driving the actuator 6.

Abstract: A transparent electrode for a touch panel includes a nitrogen-containing layer formed using a compound containing nitrogen atoms, and an electrode layer mainly containing silver and provided stacked on the nitrogen-containing layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing optical elements, the method including the following processes: a process to determine the wave-front aberration for a lens fabricated using a reference die, and then choose the integer multiple of a predetermined constant that is closest to the difference between a lens design value and the wave-front aberration for the lens fabricated using the reference die; and a process to determine the amount of aberration correction that cancels out the aforementioned integer multiple aberration, change the lens design so that either the low-order spherical aberration or the low-order astigmatism therefor becomes equal to the aberration correction, and fabricate a correction die from either a first or a second die, with the shape of the molding surface thereof changed on the basis of the changed design value. Then the die design value is decided upon, yielding a final die.

Abstract: A control device 20 for an aircraft steering apparatus controls an aircraft steering apparatus 1 comprising an operation unit including rudder pedals 4, a main pilot steering handle 2 and a co-pilot steering handle 3 which are provided in a cockpit of an aircraft, and an actuator 6 driven in accordance with an operation amount output from the operation unit for driving and steering at least a steered wheel 5, and the control device 20 includes a switching control unit 22 exclusively switches, based on instruction input from at least one of a main pilot and a co-pilot, which of operation amounts corresponding to operation of the rudder pedals 4, the main pilot steering handle 2 and the co-pilot steering handle 3 is used for driving the actuator 6.

Abstract: A landing gear assembly includes a control system configured to output an amount of operation corresponding to an operated physical amount; a wheel; a landing gear supported by a frame of the aircraft, and configured to rotatably support the wheel; a steering system configured to steer the wheel using the amount of operation as a command value; and a detection sensor configured not to output a detection signal when the aircraft flies in air, and to output the detection signal when the aircraft stays on ground. When the detection sensor does not output the detection signal, or when speed of the aircraft is higher than first limitation speed, the steering system orients rotation of the wheel in a longitudinal direction of the aircraft in disregard of the amount of operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mold used as a bottom mold for manufacturing glass molded bodies by accepting molten glass droplets that are dripped in and by compression molding of the molten glass droplets in conjunction with a top mold. The mold is provided with a base material that has a mold surface for compression molding of molten glass drops, and a coating layer formed on the mold surface. The surface of the coating layer formed on the mold surface has a rough surface region that comprises the center of the mold surface, and a mirror finished region that surrounds the outside of the rough surface region and has a lower arithmetic mean roughness Ra than the rough surface region.