Abstract: A biometric-electronic key system includes an electronic key that stores an electronic key ID and a communication peer that is capable of performing wireless communication with the electronic key ID. A non-accomplishment notification unit presents the user with a non-accomplishment notification of the biometric authentication when the biometric authentication cannot be accomplished. A key operation authentication unit executes authentication corresponding to an electronic key operation performed by the user in response to receipt of the non-accomplishment notification. An actuation permission unit permits actuation of the device even when the biometric authentication cannot be accomplished as long as the authentication performed by the key operation authentication unit has been accomplished.

Abstract: An electronic key registration system includes an electronic key and a communication master. The electronic key transmits a registration code. The communication master receives the registration code from the electronic key, obtains key information using the registration code, and registers the key information. The registration code is set in accordance with the communication master to which the electronic key is registered. The communication master includes a level determination unit, which determines a key registration security level when the electronic key is registered to the communication master, and a registration execution unit, which obtains the key information using the registration code based on the determined key registration security level and registers the key information to the communication master.

Abstract: A method for registering an electronic key includes storing an electronic key ID and an encryption code in a controller to register the electronic key to the controller, and associating a communication subject ID, which is unique to a communication subject, with a controller ID, which is unique to the controller storing the electronic key ID and the encryption code, and the electronic key ID.

Abstract: Different block management values that sequentially increase are set for a plurality of blocks to indicate active states of the blocks. For example, a first block management value “$1111” is stored in a first block, and a second management value “$1112” is stored in a second block. Thus, even when more than one block is in an active state, an updated value is read from the block that stores a larger block management value. This allows for the true updated value to be read.

Abstract: An electronic key registration system includes an electronic key and a communication master. The electronic key transmits a registration code. The communication master receives the registration code from the electronic key, code, obtains key information using the registration code, and registers the key information. The registration code is set in accordance with the communication master to which the electronic key is registered. The communication master includes a level determination unit, which determines a key registration security level when the electronic key is registered to the communication master, and a registration execution unit, which obtains the key information using the registration code based on the determined key registration security level and registers the key information to the communication master.

Abstract: A method for registering an electronic key to a controller of a communication subject includes locating an electronic key ID of a registered electronic key, which is registered to a first controller that was previously installed in the communication subject, based on a communication subject ID unique to the communication subject, and reregistering the registered electronic key to a second controller installed in the communication subject in lieu of the first controller by storing the electronic key ID of the registered electronic key and an encryption code corresponding to the electronic key ID in the second controller.

Abstract: In a flash memory device, after an updated value is copied from a first block to a second block, a block management value of the first block is set to an unused state, and maintenance is performed to erase data from the first block. When performing maintenance, the block management value of the first block B1 is rewritten from “$FFF0” to “$FFFF.” When a reset occurs and the power supply is deactivated during the maintenance, the digit of “$0” in the block management value may become “1” to “E” of the hexadecimal system. In this manner, when the block management value includes a single digit of “1” to “E” and three digits of “F,” the reading of an updated value from the block corresponding to the block management value is restricted.

Abstract: A method for registering an electronic key to a controller of a communication subject includes locating an electronic key ID of a registered electronic key, which is registered to a first controller that was previously installed in the communication subject, based on a communication subject ID unique to the communication subject, and reregistering the registered electronic key to a second controller installed in the communication subject in lieu of the first controller by storing the electronic key ID of the registered electronic key and an encryption code corresponding to the electronic key ID in the second controller.

Abstract: A method for registering an electronic key includes storing an electronic key ID and an encryption code in a controller to register the electronic key to the controller, and associating a communication subject ID, which is unique to a communication subject, with a controller ID, which is unique to the controller storing the electronic key ID and the encryption code, and the electronic key ID.

Abstract: In a flash memory device, after an updated value is copied from a first block to a second block, a block management value of the first block is set to an unused state, and maintenance is performed to erase data from the first block. When performing maintenance, the block management value of the first block B1 is rewritten from “$FFF0” to “$FFFF.” When a reset occurs and the power supply is deactivated during the maintenance, the digit of “$0” in the block management value may become “1” to “E” of the hexadecimal system. In this manner, when the block management value includes a single digit of “1” to “E” and three digits of “F,” the reading of an updated value from the block corresponding to the block management value is restricted.

Abstract: Different block management values that sequentially increase are set for a plurality of blocks to indicate active states of the blocks. For example, a first block management value “$1111” is stored in a first block, and a second management value “$1112” is stored in a second block. Thus, even when more than one block is in an active state, an updated value is read from the block that stores a larger block management value. This allows for the true updated value to be read.

Abstract: A vehicle security system for improving security. A portable device generates a wireless signal containing a first ID code. A verification device stores a second ID code and a first control ID code, receives the wireless signal from the portable device and performs verification with the first and the second ID codes. A controller stores a second control ID code, receives the first control ID code from the verification device, and performs verification with the first and the second control ID codes. The controller controls a control subject such as a door lock when verification of the first and second ID codes and verification of the first and second control ID codes are established. When a deletion operation is performed, the second ID code is deleted from the verification device and the first or second control ID code is invalidated.