Abstract: A group of reductive 2D materials (R2D) with extended reactive vacancies and a method for making the R2D with extended reactive vacancies are provided, especially the example of the reductive boron nitride (RBN). To create defects such as vacancies, boron nitride (BN) powders are milled at cryogenic temperatures. Vacancies are produced by milling, and the vacancies can be used to reduce various metal nanostructures on RBN. Due to the thermal stability of the RBN and the enhanced catalytic performance of metal nanostructures, RBN-metals can be used for different catalysts, including electrochemical catalysts and high temperature catalysts.

Abstract: Provided is a sheet processing apparatus, including: a regulation portion configured to contact with an end edge of a sheet to be conveyed and to regulate a position of the sheet; a position adjustment portion configured to perform position adjustment on a sheet in a direction along an end edge of the sheet of which the end edge is in contact with the regulation portion; a folding portion configured to perform folding processing on a sheet which has been regulated by the regulation portion; and a control portion configured to execute: a first mode of causing the folding portion to perform the folding processing on a sheet which has been regulated by the regulation portion, without causing the position adjustment portion to perform the position adjustment on the sheet; and a second mode of causing the position adjustment portion to perform the position adjustment with respect to the regulated sheet.

Abstract: A sheet processing apparatus, including: a rotary member pair configured to nip a sheet conveyed in a conveyance path and rotate to fold the sheet; and a guide portion provided between one rotary member of the rotary member pair and the conveyance path, the one rotary member including: a first part; and a second part, wherein a first distance between the first part and a rotary shaft center of the one rotary member is greater than a second distance between the second part and the rotary shaft center, and wherein the guide portion is positioned at a first position in case that the second part is positioned at a first rotational position, and the guide portion is positioned at a second position different from the first position in a distance from the rotary shaft center in case that the second part is positioned at a second rotational position.

Abstract: A sheet stacking apparatus, including: a conveyance unit configured to convey a sheet; a stacking unit on which a sheet conveyed by the conveyance unit is stacked, the stacking unit inclined downward in a conveyance direction in which the conveyance unit conveys a sheet and including a first region and a second region located downstream of the first region in the conveyance direction; a guide portion configured to guide a sheet conveyed by the conveyance unit over a sheet placed on the second region; and a pressing portion configured to press a sheet placed on the second region.

Abstract: A sheet processing apparatus, including: a conveyance path in which a sheet is conveyed in a predetermined conveyance direction; a rotary member pair configured to nip the sheet conveyed in the conveyance path and rotate to perform folding processing on the sheet; and a guide portion provided between one rotary member of the rotary member pair and the conveyance path and configured to guide a downstream edge of a sheet conveyed in the predetermined conveyance direction, wherein, in case that a sheet is conveyed in the conveyance path in the predetermined conveyance direction, the guide portion guides a downstream edge of the sheet in the predetermined conveyance direction in a state in which the guide portion is held in contact with the one rotary member.

Abstract: Provided is a sheet processing apparatus, including: a regulation portion configured to contact with an end edge of a sheet to be conveyed and to regulate a position of the sheet; a position adjustment portion configured to perform position adjustment on a sheet in a direction along an end edge of the sheet of which the end edge is in contact with the regulation portion; a folding portion configured to perform folding processing on a sheet which has been regulated by the regulation portion; and a control portion configured to execute: a first mode of causing the folding portion to perform the folding processing on a sheet which has been regulated by the regulation portion, without causing the position adjustment portion to perform the position adjustment on the sheet; and a second mode of causing the position adjustment portion to perform the position adjustment with respect to the regulated sheet.

Abstract: A sheet processing apparatus, including: a rotary member pair configured to nip a sheet conveyed in a conveyance path and rotate to fold the sheet; and a guide portion provided between one rotary member of the rotary member pair and the conveyance path, the one rotary member including: a first part; and a second part, wherein a first distance between the first part and a rotary shaft center of the one rotary member is greater than a second distance between the second part and the rotary shaft center, and wherein the guide portion is positioned at a first position in case that the second part is positioned at a first rotational position, and the guide portion is positioned at a second position different from the first position in a distance from the rotary shaft center in case that the second part is positioned at a second rotational position.

Abstract: A sheet processing apparatus, including: a conveyance path in which a sheet is conveyed in a predetermined conveyance direction; a rotary member pair configured to nip the sheet conveyed in the conveyance path and rotate to perform folding processing on the sheet; and a guide portion provided between one rotary member of the rotary member pair and the conveyance path and configured to guide a downstream edge of a sheet conveyed in the predetermined conveyance direction, wherein, in case that a sheet is conveyed in the conveyance path in the predetermined conveyance direction, the guide portion guides a downstream edge of the sheet in the predetermined conveyance direction in a state in which the guide portion is held in contact with the one rotary member.

Abstract: A sheet stacking apparatus, including: a conveyance unit configured to convey a sheet; a stacking unit on which a sheet conveyed by the conveyance unit is stacked, the stacking unit inclined downward in a conveyance direction in which the conveyance unit conveys a sheet and including a first region and a second region located downstream of the first region in the conveyance direction; a guide portion configured to guide a sheet conveyed by the conveyance unit over a sheet placed on the second region; and a pressing portion configured to press a sheet placed on the second region.