Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images has toner particles containing a binder resin and a colorant, and fine titanium oxide particles or fine alumina particles. The surfaces of the fine titanium oxide particles or fine alumina particles have been subjected to an organic treatment and have a methanol wettability half value of 55% or more.

Abstract: A toner which comprises toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a polar resin and a release agent, wherein the binder resin is a styrene polymer, a styrene copolymer, or a mixture of these, and has a weight average molecular weight Mw.sub.1 of from 10,000 to 1,000,000, the polar resin is a polyester resin containing a tetrahydrofuran-soluble matter of which weight average molecular weight Mw.sub.2 is from 7,000 to 50,000 and an ethyl alcohol-soluble matter of which weight average molecular weight Mw.sub.3 is from 1,000 to 7,000, where Mw.sub.2 /Mw.sub.3 is from 1.2 to 10.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images contains toner particles containing at least a binder resin and a colorant as well as a fine powder comprised of base particles on which crystalline low resistance tin oxide films are formed. The crystalline low resistance tin oxide contains less than 100 ppm of antimony, arsenic and phosphorus, and has an oxygen deficiency structure. The toner is excellent in strength and can consistently give high quality images under any environmental conditions.

Abstract: In a leadframe for supporting semiconductor devices and including a plurality of outer lead sections, a recess or recesses are provided on each of the outer lead sections at a central portion or both sides of each outer lead section in a region including a cutting line. The recess or recesses reduce the cross-sectional area of the lead section, thus enabling a new cut surface of the lead section to be well covered by solder and enabling ready cutting of the lead section.

Abstract: A process for producing a leadframe for a semiconductor including (i) providing nickel or nickel-base alloy plating layers on both sides of a base material including an iron-base material or a copper-base material by electroplating or chemical plating so as to have a single layer thickness in the range of from 3 to 20 microns, (ii) applying a photoresist on both sides of the leadframe material produced in step (i) and forming a leadframe pattern by a patterning process and (iii) subjecting the leadframe material patterned in step (ii) to etching.

Abstract: A plural layer liquid crystal display device for a high density display has a second liquid crystal layer containing dye and a dirst layer constructed such that the product .DELTA.n.sub.1 .multidot.d.sub.1 of the anisotropy of refractive index .DELTA.n.sub.1 of liquid molecules in the first liquid crystal layer and the thickness of the first liquid crystal layer d.sub.1 is in a range of 0.7-2.0 .mu.m. The foregoing arrangement provides a display close to a monochrome display with excellent viewing angle characteristics and a high contrast ratio.

Abstract: Low carbon steel strip is cold rolled with rolling reduction of 15 to 35% in final cold rolling step and annealed in form of tight coil at temperature of 520 to 600.degree. C. to provide product having grain size number of 4 to 7 and coercive force of not greater than 2.0 Oersted as measured with initial magnetization field of 25 Oersted. The product is especially suitable for manufacturing shadow mask of Braun tube for color TV.

Abstract: In process for manufacturing shadow mask of Braun tube for color TV comprising steps of subjecting strip of low carbon steel to cold rolling finish, forming holes in the rolled material, cutting it into individual flat masks, annealing each mask at elevated temperatures, conditioning the annealed mask and press-forming the mask into desired shape, the improvement residing in controlling the finish cold rolling reduction within the range between 10 and 35%, whereby the annealing temperature is reduced to 520.degree. to 750.degree. C. The process is applicable to steel strip material containing up to 0.10% by weight of carbon.