Abstract: Provided is a method of culturing green algae which promotes the growth of the green algae which is in a state of being a green swarm cell by irradiating the green algae that accumulate astaxanthin with an artificial light. The green algae are grown in a liquid medium while maintaining a state in which the color of a culture solution of the green algae is green or brown by alternately and continuously radiating a red illumination light and a blue illumination light.

Abstract: Provided is a method of promoting the growth of green algae which promotes the growth of the green algae which is in a state of being a green swarm cell by irradiating the green algae that accumulate astaxanthin with an artificial light, in which the green algae are grown in a liquid medium while maintaining a state in which the color of a culture solution of the green algae is green or brown by alternately and continuously radiating a red illumination light and a blue illumination light.

Abstract: A thermostable lipase has been isolated from Pseudomonas solanacearum SD709 (FERM BP-5358) which has a mass of 32 kD by SDS-PAGE, enzymatic activity in a pH range of about 4-12, a pH optimum of 6.5-9.5 and a temperature optimum of 80.degree.-90.degree. C.

Abstract: Bacteria belonging to the genus Pseudomonas, alkaline lipase produced by the bacteria and having the following properties, a method of producing the lipase, and detergent compositions containing the lipase:(1) Operating pH and optimum pHan operating pH is in the range of from 3.5 to 12 and an optimum pH is in the range of from 10 to 11 using a triolein emulsion as a substrate;(2) Operating temperature and optimum temperaturean operating temperature is in the range of from 30.degree. C. to 80.degree. C. and an optimum temperature is in the range of from 55.degree. C. to 65.degree. C. using the triolein emulsion as a substrate;(3) Molecular weighta molecular weight measured by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is 31,000.+-.2,000; and(4) Isoelectric pointan Isoelectric point measured by isoelectric point polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is 5.2.+-.0.5.The lipase has high stability against detergent components such as surfactants, protease, etc. and can be blended together with protease with detergents.

Abstract: A microorganism belonging to the genus Pseudomonas; an alkaline lipase produced by the microorganism or its mutants; a method of producing the alkaline lipase; and detergents containing the alkaline lipase as an aid, the alkaline lipase having (1) an operative pH of from 4 to 11.5, and an optimum pH of from 7.0 to 9.5, as measured using triolein emulsion as a substrate; (2) an operative temperature of from 10.degree. to 80.degree. C., and an optimum temperature of from 55.degree. to 65.degree. C., as measured using triolein emulsion as a substrate; (3) a molecular weight of 28,000 .+-.2,000 as measured by electrophoresis using SDS polyacrylamide; (4) isoelectric point of 4.5 .+-.1.5 as measured by isoelectric focusing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; and (5) an inhibition of lipase activity by a detergent component of not higher than 50% as measured using sodium linear-alkylbenzenesulfonate as said detergent component.