Abstract: An organic compound with excellent characteristics excelling in hole-injecting/transporting performance and having electron blocking ability, high stability in a thin-film state and high luminous efficiency is provided as material for an organic electroluminescent device. The compound of a general formula (1) having an indenocarbazole ring structure is used as a constituent material of at least one organic layer in the organic electroluminescent device that includes a pair of electrodes and one or more organic layers sandwiched between the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: The present disclosure is intended to make color misregistration amount in the sub scanning direction almost constant regardless of the turn-on period of each color when reading document using light sources which turn on in a plurality of colors. An image reading apparatus including a first illumination unit and a second illumination unit each having a plurality of light sources. Each illumination unit is configured to irradiate light from the light source to a document reading position. The plurality of light source include a first light source and a second light source, the first light source emits light in a first color and the second light source emits light in a second color which is different from the first color.

Abstract: A method of producing an aromatic amino compound by using a primary or secondary amine compound having an aromatic ring group and a halogenated aromatic compound as starting materials, reacting the amine compound with the halogenated aromatic compound in the presence of a copper catalyst and a base so as to produce the aromatic amino compound having a structure in which an aromatic ring group derived from the halogenated aromatic compound is coupled to the amino group of the amine compound, wherein the amine compound and the halogenated aromatic compound are reacted together under a condition where an aromatic oxycarboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group and a hydroxycarbonyl group that are bonded to neighboring carbon atoms, is made present together with the copper catalyst and the base.

Abstract: A method of producing an aromatic amino compound using a primary or secondary amine compound and a halogenated aromatic compound as starting materials, and relying upon the Ullmann reaction, the method being capable of obtaining the highly pure aromatic amino compound in high yields and inexpensively. A primary or secondary amine compound having an aromatic ring group and a halogenated aromatic compound as starting materials, are reacted with the halogenated aromatic compound in the presence of copper catalyst and base to produce the aromatic amino compound having a structure in which an aromatic ring group derived from the halogenated aromatic compound is coupled to the amino group of the amine compound, wherein the amine compound and the halogenated aromatic compound are reacted together such that an aromatic oxycarboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group and a hydroxycarbonyl group bonded to neighboring carbon atoms, is present together with the copper catalyst and the base.

Abstract: An organic compound having an excellent electron injection and transport performance is provided as a material for a low-power-consumption organic electroluminescent device. A low-power-consumption organic electroluminescent device is also provided by using the compound. The compound is a compound of general formula (1) or (2) having a substituted bipyridyl and triphenylene ring structure. The organic electroluminescent device includes a pair of electrodes, and one or more organic layers sandwiched between the pair of electrodes, and uses the compound as constituent material of at least one of the organic layers.

Abstract: A light-emitting-layer host material is provided as material for high-efficiency organic electroluminescent devices. The light-emitting-layer host material has a high excitation triplet level, and is capable of completely confining the triplet excitons of phosphorescent material. A high-efficiency and high-luminance organic electroluminescent device is provided by using the compound. The compound is a compound of general formula (1) having a bipyridyl group and an ortho-terphenyl structure. The organic electroluminescent device includes a pair of electrodes, and one or more organic layers sandwiched between the pair of electrodes, and uses the compound as constituent material of at least one of the organic layers.

Abstract: An organic compound with excellent characteristics excelling in hole-injecting/transporting performance and having electron blocking ability, high stability in a thin-film state and high luminous efficiency is provided as material for an organic electroluminescent device. The compound of a general formula (1) having an indenocarbazole ring structure is used as a constituent material of at least one organic layer in the organic electroluminescent device that includes a pair of electrodes and one or more organic layers sandwiched between the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: A high-efficiency, high-durability organic electroluminescent device, particularly a phosphorescent organic electroluminescent device is provided by using an organic compound of excellent characteristics that exhibits excellent hole-injecting/transporting performance and has high triplet exciton confining capability with an electron blocking ability, and that has high stability in the thin-film state and high luminous efficiency. The organic electroluminescent device includes a pair of electrodes, and a plurality of organic layers sandwiched between the pair of electrodes and including a light emitting layer and an electron blocking layer, wherein a compound of the following general formula (1) having a carbazole ring structure is used as a constituent material of the electron blocking layer and the light emitting layer.

Abstract: A high-efficiency, high-durability organic electroluminescent device, particularly a phosphorescent organic electroluminescent device is provided by using an organic compound of excellent characteristics that exhibits excellent hole-injecting/transporting performance and has high triplet exciton confining capability with an electron blocking ability, and that has high stability in the thin-film state and high luminous efficiency. The organic electroluminescent device includes a pair of electrodes, and a plurality of organic layers sandwiched between the pair of electrodes and including a phosphorescent light-emitting material-containing light emitting layer and a hole transport layer, wherein a compound of the following general formula (1) having a carbazole ring structure is used as a constituent material of the hole transport layer.

Abstract: [Problem] An organic compound of excellent characteristics is provided that exhibits excellent hole-injecting/transporting performance with electron blocking ability, and that has high stability in the thin-film state and high luminous efficiency, the organic compound being provided as material for an organic electroluminescent device having high efficiency and high durability. The invention also provides a high-efficient, high-durable organic electroluminescent device using the compound. [Means for Resolution] The compound is of the following general formula having a carbazole ring structure. The organic electroluminescent device includes a pair of electrodes, and one or more organic layers sandwiched between the pair of electrodes, and the compound is used as a constituent material of at least one organic layer.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a method of producing an aromatic amino compound by using a primary or secondary amine compound and a halogenated aromatic compound as starting materials, and relying upon the Ullmann reaction, the method being capable of obtaining the highly pure aromatic amino compound in high yields and inexpensively.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus forms a toner image onto sheets at the first feeding interval on a photoconductor or intermediate transfer member and, if the temperature of a fixing unit falls outside a set temperature range, the sheet layout is changed to a feeding interval wider than the first feeding interval. Adjustment processing is performed based on the image forming condition so that the feeding interval is changed to a wider one in the feeding interval changing step during image formation and it is determined in the determination step to perform adjustment processing, toner patch images are formed in an area where no toner image is formed on the photoconductor or intermediate transfer member . The adjustment processing is performed based on reading toner patch images.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus reads an image from a document being simultaneously fed by the apparatus. A document feeder unit feeds the document on a original plate. A first image reading unit reads an image from the fed document at a first document-read position on the original plate. A second image reading unit reads an image from the fed document at a second document-read position located at a predetermined distance from the first document-read position in a document feeding direction. An abnormal pixel detection unit detects abnormal pixels resulting from rubbish moved between the first document-read position and second document-read position on the original plate together with the document.

Abstract: There is provided an image reading apparatus for acquiring a read signal of an image by receiving and photoelectrically converting a light reflected from a document. The location of an alien substance on an original plate is detected based on a reflected light received by a light receiving unit adapted to receive a light reflected from a document. When an alien substance is detected, an illumination unit selectively illuminates the location in which the alien substance has been detected. Also, a message which prompts cleaning of the alien substance is displayed. A method of displaying the alien substance location are also provided. Thereby, the image reading apparatus of the present invention can assists a user in cleaning the alien substance such as a dust or dirt on the original plate.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a document positioning plate configured to have a document positioned thereon, a conveyance belt configured to convey the document to the document positioning plate, an image reading unit configured to read an image of the document positioned on the document positioning plate, and an image unevenness reducing unit configured to reduce image unevenness caused by the conveyance belt deflecting in a main scanning direction. The image unevenness reducing unit corrects the readout image based on correction coefficients each corresponding to a combination of a sub scanning position and a main scanning position of the image.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus which forms an image by transferring, onto sheets fed by a feeding unit at the first feeding interval, a toner image formed on a photoconductor or intermediate transfer member, if the temperature of a fixing unit which fixes an image transferred onto a sheet falls outside a set temperature range, the sheet layout is changed to a feeding interval wider than the first feeding interval. Whether to perform adjustment processing is determined based on determination of an image forming condition. If the feeding interval is changed to a wider one in the feeding interval changing step during image formation and it is determined in the determination step to perform adjustment processing, toner patch images are formed in an area where no toner image is formed on the photoconductor or intermediate transfer member. The adjustment processing is performed based on reading toner patch images.

Abstract: There is provided an image reading apparatus for acquiring a read signal of an image by receiving and photoelectrically converting a light reflected from a document. The location of an alien substance on an original plate is detected based on a reflected light received by a light receiving unit adapted to receive a light reflected from a document. When an alien substance is detected, an illumination unit selectively illuminates the location in which the alien substance has been detected. Also, a message which prompts cleaning of the alien substance is displayed. A method of displaying the alien substance location are also provided. Thereby, the image reading apparatus of the present invention can assists a user in cleaning the alien substance such as a dust or dirt on the original plate.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a sensor including a plurality of photoelectric converters for reading information on a document, a detecting circuit for detecting movement of a document cover, a drive circuit for supplying driving pulses for driving the sensor, and a control circuit for controlling the drive circuit so that the driving pulses are changed according to a detection result generated by the detecting circuit.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a document positioning plate configured to have a document positioned thereon, a conveyance belt configured to convey the document to the document positioning plate, an image reading unit configured to read an image of the document positioned on the document positioning plate, and an image unevenness reducing unit configured to reduce image unevenness caused by the conveyance belt deflecting in a main scanning direction. The image unevenness reducing unit corrects the readout image based on correction coefficients each corresponding to a combination of a sub scanning position and a main scanning position of the image.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus reads an image from a document being simultaneously fed by the apparatus. A document feeder unit feeds the document on a original plate. A first image reading unit reads an image from the fed document at a first document-read position on the original plate. A second image reading unit reads an image from the fed document at a second document-read position located at a predetermined distance from the first document-read position in a document feeding direction. An abnormal pixel detection unit detects abnormal pixels resulting from rubbish moved between the first document-read position and second document-read position on the original plate together with the document.