Abstract: A method and apparatus for dry etching changes at least one of the effective pumping speed of a vacuum chamber and the gas flow rate to alter the processing of an etching pattern side wall of a sample between first and second conditions. The first and second conditions include the presence or absence of a deposit film, or the presence, absence or shape of a taper angle. Various parameters for controlling the first and second conditions are contemplated.

Abstract: A dry etching method is disclosed, in which the pressure of etching gas in a reaction chamber, the bias voltage applied to article to be etched, and the temperature of the article to be etched object are set so that the etching rate for the article to be etched is greater than 0.2 .mu.m/min, a ratio of the length of side etching in the article to be etched to the depth of etching therein is less than 1/100, and a ratio of the etching rate for the article to be etched to the etching rate for a mask formed thereon is greater than 10. Thus, the dry etching method can satisfy three requirements (that is, a high etching rate, a high selection ratio and marked anisotropy in etching) at the same time, although conventional dry etching methods can satisfy only two of three requirements.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dry etching changes at least one of the effective pumping speed of a vacuum chamber and the gas flow rate to alter the processing of an etching pattern side wall of a sample between first and second conditions. The first and second conditions include the presence or absence of a deposit film, or the presence, absence or shape of a taper angle. Various parameters for controlling the first and second conditions are contemplated.

Abstract: In microwave dry etching, the substrate/resist etching selectivity is controlled by adding a material, such as an additional gas, to the reaction gas plasma that heats the substrate with greater energy transfer efficiency than the resist. For example, a W substrate having a resist is etched with an SF.sub.6 reaction gas to which is added an Xe gas for generating incident ions that impinge the substrate with greater energy transfer than they do the resist. This produces a greater hot spot temperature for the substrate as compared with the resist to increase the substrate/resist etching selectivity. The hot spot temperature difference can be further effected by applying a bias potential to the substrate during the etching with an RF power supply.

Abstract: At an effective exhaust speed of 1200 liter/s, high frequency power with power surface density of 4.5 W/cm.sup.2 is made to discharge high density plasma, thereby carrying out dry etching. With a gas residence time of 100 ms or less, a gas flow rate controller is provided which has a response time substantially equal to the gas residence time. Etching can be performed at high speed with deposit reaction restrained and high ion current density. Because of the enhanced ion current density, etching providing high selectivity can be made with lowered ion energy. The time required for gas exchange in time modulation etching, multi-step etching and attachment/removal of electrostatic adsorption can be shortened to improve the etching throughput.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dry etching changes at least one of the effective pumping speed of a vacuum chamber and the gas flow rate to alter the processing of an etching pattern side wall of a sample between first and second conditions. The first and second conditions include the presence or absence of a deposit film, or the presence, absence or shape of a taper angle. Various parameter for controlling the first and second conditions are contemplated.

Abstract: Etching of an article is carried out by maintaining the article at a temperature at which the vapor pressure of etching gas molecules becomes equal to or higher than the pressure of etching gas and the vapor pressure of neutral radicals contained in a plasma becomes equal to or lower than the pressure of an etching gas. An etching pattern with a substantially vertical side profile and extremely small in dimensional shift from the mask can be formed at high precision.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dry etching changes at least one of the effective pumping speed of a vacuum chamber and the gas flow rate to alter the processing of an etching pattern side wall of a sample between first and second conditions. The first and second conditions include the presence or absence of a deposit film, or the presence, absence or shape of a taper angle. Various parameter for controlling the first and second conditions are contemplated.

Abstract: A very thin oxide film is formed at an opening formed in an insulator film and a conductor layer, on a substrate, and impurity-containing polysilicon is formed on the sidewall of the opening. Impurity diffusion from the from the silicon into the substrate through the very thin oxide film causes a lowering in effective concentration of the diffused impurities, resulting in the formation of shallower source/drain region. Thereafter, a gate insulator film and a gate electrode are formed on the substrate surface in an area bounded by an insulator film formed on the sidewall of the opening. The gate electrode smaller than the opening, the size of which corresponds to the limit of processing, and the shallower source/drain region afford a miniaturized MOSFET.

Abstract: A plasma treatment method and apparatus utilize various gas inlet and outlet structure arrangements to optimize treatment characteristics for a semiconductor wafer. A buffer zone is created between gas inlets and the discharge zone of the vacuum treatment chamber to enhance uniformity of gas flow. The evacuation arrangement enables reactant gas to be exhausted uniformly to reduce gas residence time below a threshold while maintaining optimum flow rates and etch uniformity at low effective exhaust speeds.

Abstract: A dry etching method is disclosed, in which the pressure of etching gas in a reaction chamber, the bias voltage applied to article to be etched, and the temperature of the article to be etched object are set so that the etching rate for the article to be etched is greater than 0.2 .mu.m/min, a ratio of the length of side etching in the article to be etched to the depth of etching therein is less than 1/100, and a ratio of the etching rate for the article to be etched to the etching rate for a mask formed thereon is greater than 10. Thus, the dry etching method can satisfy three requirements (that is, a high etching rate, a high selection ratio and marked anisotropy in etching) at the same time, although conventional dry etching methods can satisfy only two of three requirements.

Abstract: An article to be etched is contacted with a plasma of a mixed gas containing an etching gas and a film forming gas or a surface modification gas at a low temperature to effect the dry etching of the article, whereby the selectivity of etching can be made very high and the inclination angle of the side wall of pattern can be controlled at a desired level.

Abstract: A first etching for large side etching is conducted while maintaining the temperature of an article to be etched at a first temperature, and a second etching for small side etching is then conducted while maintaining the article to be etched at a second temperature lower than the first temperature. This enables the formation of various patterns in which the upper part of the sidewall is inclined at an angle smaller than that of the lower part of the sidewall.

Abstract: A dry etching method including the steps of introducing etching and deposition gases alternately into a reaction chamber at predetermined time intervals, etching the exposed surface of an article to be etched and applying deposition to the surface film thereof alternately by making plasma generated by applying power to the etching and deposition gases introduced into the reaction chamber come in contact with the article to be etched in the reaction chamber in order to etch the surface, is characterized in that the power is applied after the passage of predetermined time from the start of the introduction of the deposition gas and before the etching gas is introduced and cut off when the introduction of the etching gas is suspended.

Abstract: A dry etching apparatus is disclosed, in which the temperature of an article to be etched, placed on a wafer table, is controlled by a liquefied gas and a heater and the height of the surface of the liquefied gas can be varied arbitrarily. This apparatus enables the controlling of the temperature of the article to be done with a high accuracy over a wide range of low levels. Therefore, a low-temperature dry etching operation, which cannot otherwise be attained by a conventional apparatus of this kind, can be carried out.

Abstract: A deep trench is formed by carrying out etching by using an etching gas free of carbon and silicon, which contains at least one member selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine and bromine, while maintaining an article to be etched at such a temperature that the reaction probability between silicon and fluorine, chlorine or bromine contained in the etching gas is less than 1/10 of the reaction probability at 20.degree. C. According to this method, a deep trench having a very narrow width and a large aspect ratio, which cannot be formed according to the conventional method, can be formed very promptly with much reduced side etching.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma treating method and apparatus therefor. The plasma treating method comprises the steps of forming a treating gas into a plasma under reduced pressure, utilizing the plasma to treat a specimen cooled to a low temperature less than 0.degree. C.

Abstract: An ion beam is allowed to hit the surface of a target and the resulting forward scattered particle beam is then allowed to hit the surface of a workpiece, thereby etching or modifying the surface of the workpiece or depositing a film on the surface of the workpiece. By bombardment of ions with the target, electric charges possessed by the ion beam are lost, and only the thus neutralized forward scattered particle beam is allowed to hit the surface of the workpiece, and thus the said surface treatment can be carried out without any electrically charging trouble.