Abstract: In a frame aligner, a serial/parallel converter converts an input serial data signal into a first parallel data signal. A first buffer receives the first parallel data signal to generate a first parallel data signal, and a second buffer receives the first parallel data signal to generate a second parallel data signal. A selector selects one of the first and second parallel data signals to generate a third parallel data signal. A parallel/serial converter converts the third parallel data signal into an output serial data signal. A buffer control circuit operates the first and second buffers at different phase timings in accordance with an input frame phase signal. A selector control circuit operates the selector in accordance with a difference in phase between the input frame phase signal and an output frame phase signal.

Abstract: A monolithic infrared ray charge transfer element suitable for use in the 8 to 14 .mu.m wavelength range, having improved response characteristics, and which is easily fabricated. A charge transfer element is formed on a semiconductor substrate and a semiconductor layer formed on the substrate. An infrared ray detecting element is formed upon the semiconductor layer using a different semiconductor material from that of the semiconductor layer. Preferably, the substrate and semiconductor layer are formed of gallium arsenide and the infrared ray detecting element of mercury cadmium telluride or lead tin telluride.