Abstract: A polishing pad is formed from a foam body comprising substantially spherical air bubbles. When the density of a pad constituent material is denoted by DM g/cm3, the density of the polishing pad is in the range of 0.36 to 0.70 DM, the variation (standard deviation ?1) of an opening part diameter based on the air bubbles and formed in the surface of the polishing pad is adjusted to 45 ?m or less, when the area of a portion surrounded by opening parts based on the air bubbles formed in the surface of the polishing pad is approximated to a circle, the variation (standard deviation ?2) of a diameter of the circle, is adjusted to 35 ?m or less, and the air bubbles included in the foam body may be closed cell or open cell.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermo valve includes an overlaying step of overlaying a valve body onto a thermo actuator so as to cover a groove portion; and a caulking step of caulking an installing portion of the valve body onto the thermo actuator. The caulking step is performed by pressing, by use of a jig, the valve body and the thermo actuator toward an axis center in a radial direction. A pressing face of the jig has a short side portion and a long side portion longer than the short side portion. Pressing is performed with the long side portion being substantially in parallel to the axis center of the thermo actuator and the short side portion being substantially in parallel to the groove portion.

Abstract: A thermo actuator includes an actuator body and a large-diameter portion (54) that projects from the actuator body outward in the radial direction. The outer diameter of a return spring is smaller than the inner diameter of a case. The outer diameter of the actuator body and the outer diameter of a valve body are smaller than the inner diameter of the return spring. The outer diameter of the large-diameter portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the case and is larger than the average diameter of the return spring. One end of the return spring is in contact with the large-diameter portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermo valve includes an overlaying step of overlaying a valve body onto a thermo actuator so as to cover a groove portion; and a caulking step of caulking an installing portion of the valve body onto the thermo actuator. The caulking step is performed by pressing, by use of a jig, the valve body and the thermo actuator toward an axis center in a radial direction. A pressing face of the jig has a short side portion and a long side portion longer than the short side portion. Pressing is performed with the long side portion being substantially in parallel to the axis center of the thermo actuator and the short side portion being substantially in parallel to the groove portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermo valve includes an overlaying step of overlaying a valve body onto a thermo actuator so as to cover a groove portion; and a caulking step of caulking an installing portion of the valve body onto the thermo actuator. The caulking step is performed by pressing, by use of a jig, the valve body and the thermo actuator toward an axis center in a radial direction. A pressing face of the jig has a short side portion and a long side portion longer than the short side portion. Pressing is performed with the long side portion being substantially in parallel to the axis center of the thermo actuator and the short side portion being substantially in parallel to the groove portion.

Abstract: A pump housing has a main oil passage, a return oil passage provided substantially in parallel with the main oil passage, and a valve insertion hole extending across the main oil passage such that a closed fore end of the valve insertion hole reaches in the vicinity of the return oil passage. The valve insertion hole has a female screw formed at an open end thereof, and a through-hole is formed in the pump housing, having one end connected to the valve insertion hole at a portion adjacent to the closed fore end thereof and an opposite end opened to the outside of the pump housing. With the valve insertion hole thus provided, a temperature sensitive valve mechanism can be readily inserted in the valve insertion hole at any time.

Abstract: A thermo actuator includes an actuator body and a large-diameter portion (54) that projects from the actuator body outward in the radial direction. The outer diameter of a return spring is smaller than the inner diameter of a case. The outer diameter of the actuator body and the outer diameter of a valve body are smaller than the inner diameter of the return spring. The outer diameter of the large-diameter portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the case and is larger than the average diameter of the return spring. One end of the return spring is in contact with the large-diameter portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermo valve includes an overlaying step of overlaying a valve body onto a thermo actuator so as to cover a groove portion; and a caulking step of caulking an installing portion of the valve body onto the thermo actuator. The caulking step is performed by pressing, by use of a jig, the valve body and the thermo actuator toward an axis center in a radial direction. A pressing face of the jig has a short side portion and a long side portion longer than the short side portion. Pressing is performed with the long side portion being substantially in parallel to the axis center of the thermo actuator and the short side portion being substantially in parallel to the groove portion.

Abstract: A pump housing has a main oil passage, a return oil passage provided substantially in parallel with the main oil passage, and a valve insertion hole extending across the main oil passage such that a closed fore end of the valve insertion hole reaches in the vicinity of the return oil passage. The valve insertion hole has a female screw formed at an open end thereof, and a through-hole is formed in the pump housing, having one end connected to the valve insertion hole at a portion adjacent to the closed fore end thereof and an opposite end opened to the outside of the pump housing. With the valve insertion hole thus provided, a temperature sensitive valve mechanism can be readily inserted in the valve insertion hole at any time.

Abstract: A process for producing dimethyl ether, which includes dehydrating methanol in vapor phase in the presence of an activated alumina catalyst having an average pore radius of 2.5 nm to 8.0 nm both inclusive and having a sodium oxide content of 0.07 wt % or less. This invention provides a process for producing DME with an improved conversion ratio using a highly active DME-production catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing dimethyl ether, which includes dehydrating methanol in vapor phase in the presence of an activated alumina catalyst having an average pore radius of 2.5 nm to 8.0 nm both inclusive and having a sodium oxide content of 0.07 wt % or less. This invention provides a process for producing DME with an improved conversion ratio using a highly active DME-production catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing dimethyl ether, which includes dehydrating methanol in vapor phase in the presence of an activated alumina catalyst having an average pore radius of 2.5 nm to 8.0 nm both inclusive and having a sodium oxide content of 0.07 wt % or less. This invention provides a process for producing DME with an improved conversion ratio using a highly active DME-production catalyst.

Abstract: A method of producing high-purity helium, which contains the step of: producing high-purity helium of 99.99 mol % or higher, by a process in which crude helium having a helium concentration of 40 to 90 mol % is, at least, permeated through a separation membrane module composed of a plurality of glass hollow fiber membrane.

Abstract: To provide an improved steam reforming catalyst for lower hydrocarbons which is highly active and has a high crushing strength. An improved steam reforming catalyst for lower hydrocarbons comprising a support constituted of CaO and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an active component comprising nickel or a platinum-group metal. The content of CaO is 0.5 to 25 wt% based on the catalyst, and at least part of the CaO forms compounds with the A1.sub.2 O.sub.3. The support has a void fraction X of pores with a diameter of 0.5 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m of 0.08 or higher, a void fraction Y of pores with a diameter smaller than 0.5 .mu.m of 0.15 or higher, and a total void fraction Z of 0.23 to 0.8 (provided that Z.ltoreq.(X+Y)).

Abstract: A method of driving a display device with a plurality of scanning side electrodes and a plurality of data side electrodes which are disposed in directions intersecting each other, and a dielectric layer interposed between the scanning side electrodes and the data side electrodes, and including steps of applying modulation voltages corresponding to display data to the data side electrodes, and also applying writing voltages of positive or negative polarity to the scanning side electrodes through line sequence, so as to cause picture elements composed of the dielectric layer to emit light. The driving method further includes steps of thinning out the display data, and applying a plurality of kinds of modulation voltages different in amplitude according to each frame, so as to cause the picture elements to effect gradation display of different brightness in multi-stages.

Abstract: A thin film EL display device is described which comprises a group of parallel scanning electrodes, a group of parallel data electrodes laid so as to extend perpendicular to the group of the scanning electrodes, and an EL layer disposed between the respective groups of the scanning and data electrodes. Each of the electrodes of at least one of the groups of the scanning and data electrodes which apply a writing voltage to the EL layer is connected with a driver circuit of high voltage breakdown characteristic having only a push-pull function or a pull-up and pull-down function. This driver circuit employs thyristors as switching elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a driving circuit of a thin film electroluminescent (EL) display, wherein a high withstand-voltage driver IC composed of a bi-directional switching element having push/pull function is connected with one or both of the scanning electrodes and the data electrodes of EL display, the bi-directional switching circuit for applying the writing voltage or the modulation voltage is applied with the pull up common line of each of the drivers IC and the pull down common line, a switch for extremely recovering, after the thin film EL element has emitted its light, the electric charge accumulated on the thin film EL display element, and a capacitor for accumulating the drawn out electric charge are disposed in the bi-directional switching circuit, and the modulation accumulation electric charge accumulated on the film EL display element after the light emission is accumulated on the capacitor, so that the modulation consumption power occupying the majority of the driving power without the

Abstract: A thin film EL display device wherein an EL layer is interposed between scanning side electrodes and data side electrodes which are arranged to cross one another. A data side driver IC, including switching elements for charging and discharging, is connected to the data side electrodes, and switching circuits for applying modulation voltage are connected to a pull-up common line of the data side driver IC. The switching circuits are provided with switches for removing the charge stored in the thin film EL device after the thin film EL device has emitted light and a capacitor for storing the removed charge, whereby the charge stored in the capacitor can be reused in the next light emission for the purpose of reducing power consumption.

Abstract: The reactive injection molding of a urethane-based resin composition according to the invention is performed by admixing the polyol compound as one of the reactants of the urethane-based resin with a specific organopolysiloxane as an internal mold release agent so that the molding process can be performed without application of an external mold release agent to the metal mold. The organopolysiloxane is characterized by two types of substituent groups bonded to the silicon atoms, of which the first type is --C.sub.x H.sub.2x OR', R' being a monovalent hydrocarbon group of 8 to 30 carbon atoms free from chain end unsaturation and x being 0-4, and the second type is --C.sub.y H.sub.2y (OC.sub.n H.sub.2n).sub.m OH, y being 1-4, n being 2-4 and m being 0-45.