Abstract: An integrated circuit fabricated on a semiconductor chip is electrically connected through an array of pads to leads of a package; the pad array includes long pads exposed to first partially constricted openings and short pads exposed to second partially constricted openings and alternated with the long pads, and the wide portions of the first partially constricted openings are offset from the wide portions of the adjacent second partially constricted openings so that the manufacturer arranges the long pads and the short pads at a fine pitch less than 40 microns.

Abstract: An gate array system characterized in including, on a semiconductor chip, an internal cell region where internal cells are arranged in lattice and a cell region for input/output circuit including an array of input/output circuit cells disposed on the circumference of the internal cell region, and characterized in that a positional relationship between an internal cell at a specific position of the internal cell region and a specific input/output cell constituting the cell region for input/output circuit or a functional block formed at a specific position of the cell region for input/output circuit is constant irrespective of the size of a semiconductor chip.

Abstract: A cordless remote control apparatus has a controlled portion adapted to a main body and a control unit cordlessly or wirelessly coupled to the controlled portion. The control unit contains an instruction transmitter for generating an instruction wave. The main body contains a device which is actuated according to the instruction wave wirelessly transmitted from the control unit to the controlled portion. The controlled portion includes an instruction receiver for generating a receiving indication signal when the instruction receiver is coupled to the instruction transmitter via the instruction wave, and providing the device with a control command corresponding to the contents of the instruction wave. The control command determines the actuation of the device. The controlled portion further includes a confirmation transmitter coupled to the instruction receiver for generating a confirmation wave for a given period of time after the receiving indication signal disappears and control command is generated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rotation signal detection device for use with a circuit for driving a DC motor with brushes, the device comprises a differential amplifier for detecting a pulse signal component of a waveform of the current supplied to the motor, a circuit for shaping an output of the differential amplifier, thereby actuating a logic circuit for controlling rotation of the motor by a DC level signal obtained from said shaped waveform.