Abstract: A negative electrode active material includes a core particle comprising silicon; and at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of: Ge, Sn, Ni, Mo, W, Ag, Pd, Cu, Bi, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Ga, B, Sb, In, Te, Cd, Rh, Ru, Nb, Ta, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Pb and P. The negative electrode active material has an elemental composition that varies continuously from a center of the core particle to a surface of the core particle. A negative electrode, a battery, an electric vehicle, an electric storage apparatus, an electronic apparatus and a power storage system each include the negative electrode active material.

Abstract: To suppress changes in capacitance due to displacement between electrodes opposing each other across a dielectric layer, thereby allowing stable manufacturing of a capacitance device having a desired capacitance. A capacitance device is of a configuration including a dielectric layer, a first electrode formed on a predetermined surface of the dielectric layer, and a second electrode formed on a surface on the opposite side of the dielectric layer from the predetermined surface. The forms of the first and second electrodes are set so that even in the event that the first electrode is relatively displaced regarding position in a predetermined direction as to the second electrode, the area of the opposing-electrode region between the first electrode and to the second electrode is unchanged.

Abstract: There is provided a negative electrode active material including a core particle comprising silicon; and at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of: Ge, Sn, Ni, Mo, W, Ag, Pd, Cu, Bi, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Ga, B, Sb, In, Te, Cd, Rh, Ru, Nb, Ta, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Pb and P. The negative electrode active material has an elemental composition that varies continuously from a center of the core particle to a surface of the core particle. There are also provided a negative electrode, a battery, an electric vehicle, an electric storage apparatus, an electronic apparatus and a power storage system each including the negative electrode active material.

Abstract: A contactless receiver is provided with a receiving section and a rectification section. The receiving section has a resonant circuit including a resonant capacitor having a variable capacitance element formed with a ferroelectric material, a capacitance of the variable capacitance element changing according to a received voltage at a predetermined frequency, and a resonance coil connected to the resonant capacitor. The rectification section converts an alternating current voltage output from the receiving section into a direct current voltage.

Abstract: To suppress changes in capacitance due to displacement between electrodes opposing each other across a dielectric layer, thereby allowing stable manufacturing of a capacitance device having a desired capacitance. The capacitance device according to the present invention is of a configuration including a dielectric layer (10), a first electrode (11) formed on a predetermined surface (10a) of the dielectric layer (10), and a second electrode (12) formed on a surface (10b) on the opposite side of the dielectric layer (10) from the predetermined surface (10a). The forms of the first and second electrodes (11, 12) are set so that even in the event that the first electrode (11) is relatively displaced regarding position in a predetermined direction as to the second electrode (12), the area of the opposing-electrode region between the first electrode (11) and to the second electrode (12) is unchanged.

Abstract: A contactless receiver is provided with a receiving section and a rectification section. The receiving section has a resonant circuit including a resonant capacitor having a variable capacitance element formed with a ferroelectric material, a capacitance of the variable capacitance element changing according to a received voltage at a predetermined frequency, and a resonance coil connected to the resonant capacitor. The rectification section converts an alternating current voltage output from the receiving section into a direct current voltage.

Abstract: To suppress changes in capacitance due to displacement between electrodes opposing each other across a dielectric layer, thereby allowing stable manufacturing of a capacitance device having a desired capacitance. The capacitance device according to the present invention is of a configuration including a dielectric layer (10), a first electrode (11) formed on a predetermined surface (10a) of the dielectric layer (10), and a second electrode (12) formed on a surface (10b) on the opposite side of the dielectric layer (10) from the predetermined surface (10a). The forms of the first and second electrodes (11, 12) are set so that even in the event that the first electrode (11) is relatively displaced regarding position in a predetermined direction as to the second electrode (12), the area of the opposing-electrode region between the first electrode (11) and to the second electrode (12) is unchanged.

Abstract: A variable capacitor and a control method thereof capable of responding to applications of electronic apparatuses including various electronic devices and communication mobile devices. The variable capacitor includes a pair of electrodes formed so as to sandwich a ferroelectric material layer, in which polarization processing higher than a coercive field in hysteresis characteristics of polarization has been performed to the ferroelectric material layer, and the capacitance can be varied in accordance with a control voltage applied to the electrodes.

Abstract: A varactor element, includes: a dielectric layer; a pair of signal electrodes, each disposed on one face of the dielectric layer and facing each other; and a pair of control electrodes, each disposed on another face of the dielectric layer and facing each other parallel to a direction intersecting a direction of the pair of signal electrodes facing each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable capacitor that includes signal electrodes configured to sandwich a dielectric layer so as to generate a signal electric field, and control electrodes configured to sandwich the dielectric layer so as to generate a control electric field in a direction intersecting with the signal electric field generated between the signal electrodes.

Abstract: To suppress changes in capacitance due to displacement between electrodes opposing each other across a dielectric layer, thereby allowing stable manufacturing of a capacitance device having a desired capacitance. The capacitance device according to the present invention is of a configuration including a dielectric layer (10), a first electrode (11) formed on a predetermined surface (10a) of the dielectric layer (10), and a second electrode (12) formed on a surface (10b) on the opposite side of the dielectric layer (10) from the predetermined surface (10a). The forms of the first and second electrodes (11, 12) are set so that even in the event that the first electrode (11) is relatively displaced regarding position in a predetermined direction as to the second electrode (12), the area of the opposing-electrode region between the first electrode (11) and to the second electrode (12) is unchanged.

Abstract: A method for efficiently recovering hydrogen from resin waste. The method, characterized by reacting waste containing resin with water in the presence of hydrous iron oxide particles or/and iron oxide particles.

Abstract: A variable-capacitance element the capacitance value of which can be freely set to a desired value corresponding to a write voltage, and, once set, is maintained also after the write voltage is removed. The invention also provides a method for adjusting a variable-capacitance element, a variable-capacitance device and an electronic apparatus. According to the invention, a variable-capacitance element 100 includes a pair of electrodes 101 and 102 formed with a ferroelectric material layer 103 in between. The variable-capacitance element is adjusted by the steps of: maximizing or minimizing the sum of electric dipole moments of the ferroelectric material layer 103; and writing a desired capacitance to the variable-capacitance element 100 by applying a desired write voltage V between the electrodes 101 and 102 of the variable-capacitance element 100 the sum of electric dipole moments of the ferroelectric material layer 103 of which has been maximized or minimized.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable capacitor and a control method thereof capable of responding to applications of electronic apparatus including various electronic devices and communication mobile devices. The electronic device and the communication mobile device including the variable capacitor are provided. A variable capacitor according to the invention includes a pair of electrodes formed so as to sandwich a ferroelectric material layer, in which polarization processing higher than a coercive field in hysteresis characteristics of polarization has been performed to the ferroelectric material layer, and the capacitance can be varied in accordance with a control voltage applied to the electrodes.

Abstract: A varactor element, includes: a dielectric layer; a pair of signal electrodes, each disposed on one face of the dielectric layer and facing each other; and a pair of control electrodes, each disposed on another face of the dielectric layer and facing each other parallel to a direction intersecting a direction of the pair of signal electrodes facing each other.

Abstract: A contactless receiver is provided with a receiving section and a rectification section. The receiving section has a resonant circuit including a resonant capacitor having a variable capacitance element formed with a ferroelectric material, a capacitance of the variable capacitance element changing according to a received voltage at a predetermined frequency, and a resonance coil connected to the resonant capacitor. The rectification section converts an alternating current voltage output from the receiving section into a direct current voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable capacitor that includes signal electrodes configured to sandwich a dielectric layer so as to generate a signal electric field, and control electrodes configured to sandwich the dielectric layer so as to generate a control electric field in a direction intersecting with the signal electric field generated between the signal electrodes.

Abstract: A method for efficiently recovering hydrogen from resin waste. The method, characterized by reacting waste containing resin with water in the presence of hydrous iron oxide particles or/and iron oxide particles.

Abstract: New and improved substantially lead-free solder compositions are provided exhibiting excellent wettability and mechanical properties. In an embodiment, an improved solder material is a substantially silver-free material including from about 0.5 to about 10% by weight of Zn, from about 0.5 to about 8% by weight of Bi, from about 0.005 to about 0.5% by weight of Ge, from about 0.3 to about 3% by weight of Cu and the balance to make 100% by weight of Sn. In another embodiment, an improved solder material includes from about 0.5 to 8% by weight of Bi, from about 0.5 to about 3% by weight of Ag, from about 0.01 to about 0.1% by weight of Ge, from about 0.3 to about 1% by weight of Cu, and the balance to make 100% by weight of Sn. In a further embodiment, an improved solder material includes from about 3 to about 15% by weight of Zn, from about 3 to about 10% by weight of In, from about 0.01 to about 0.3% by weight of Ge, from about 0.3 to about 3% by weight of Ag and the balance to make 100% by weight of Sn.

Abstract: A solder material optimum in the melting temperature as a solder material, superior in mechanical properties and in wettability and capable of assuring excellent soldering performance. For a Sn—Zn—Bi based solder material, germanium and cooper is added, while germanium and further copper are added for a Sn—Bi—Ag based solder material and germanium and silver are added for a Sn—Zn—In based solder material.