Abstract: A display apparatus including display system and imaging systems for left-eye and right-eye and displaying an image of outside acquired by each of the imaging systems, the display system comprises display element, and optical element comprising incident surface, two reflection surfaces and exit surface. The display apparatus comprises limiting unit limiting light beam width so that light beam entering second pupil located behind the exit pupil does not satisfy diameter of the second pupil. When the second pupil is set at a position on an optical axis 10 mm away on an opposite side of the optical element with respect to the exit pupil, the limiting unit limits the light beam width such that at least a part of the light beam of an outermost peripheral angle of view on an outer side in the horizontal direction does not reach an evaluation pupil diameter of the second pupil.

Abstract: An optical system is configured to form an enlarged image of a display surface of an image display element and includes, in order from a side of an exit pupil to a side of the display surface, a first half-transmissive reflective surface and a second half-transmissive reflective surface. The optical system has a first optical path on which light from the display surface transmits through the second half-transmissive reflective surface, is reflected by the first half-transmissive reflective surface, is reflected by the second half-transmissive reflective surface, transmits through the first half-transmissive reflective surface, and is guided to the exit pupil, and a second optical path on which light from the side of the exit pupil transmits through the first half-transmissive reflective surface, transmits through the second half-transmissive reflective surface, and is guided to an image sensor.

Abstract: An observation optical system configured to guide light from a display device configured to display an image to an observer includes a lens having a display-side surface and an observation-side surface with different curvature radii, and includes a first semi-transmissive reflective surface, a first ?/4 plate, a second semi-transmissive reflective surface, a second ?/4 plate, and a polarization plate, which are sequentially arranged from a display side to an observation side, and wherein, when, out of the first semi-transmissive reflective surface and the second semi-transmissive reflective surface, a reflection surface having a smaller absolute value of a focal length is a reflection surface A, a focal length of the reflection surface A is fA, and an air conversion distance on an axis from a position of an exit pupil to the reflection surface A is LaA, the following inequality is satisfied: 1.0<LaA/|fA|<3.0.

Abstract: An optical system configured to guide a light beam from a display element includes a positive lens, a negative lens, and an optical element having at least three optical surfaces. The light beam from the display element is reflected a plurality of times inside the optical element via the positive lens and the negative lens, and then travels to an exit pupil. A predetermined condition is satisfied.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a display element, and an optical system configured to guide to an exit pupil the display light and external light. The optical system includes a first polarization separating element, a first optical unit, and a second optical unit that includes a half-transmissive reflective surface, a phase plate, and a second polarization separating element. The external light transmits through the first polarization separating element and the second optical unit toward the exit pupil. The display light transmits through the first polarization separating element, is reflected by the first optical unit and the first polarization separating element, is twice reflected by the second optical unit, and travels to the exit pupil. The display light forms an intermediate image in an optical path from the first optical unit to the second optical unit.

Abstract: An optical system is configured to form an enlarged image of a display surface of an image display element and includes, in order from a side of an exit pupil to a side of the display surface, a first half-transmissive reflective surface and a second half-transmissive reflective surface. The optical system has a first optical path on which light from the display surface transmits through the second half-transmissive reflective surface, is reflected by the first half-transmissive reflective surface, is reflected by the second half-transmissive reflective surface, transmits through the first half-transmissive reflective surface, and is guided to the exit pupil, and a second optical path on which light from the side of the exit pupil transmits through the first half-transmissive reflective surface, transmits through the second half-transmissive reflective surface, and is guided to an image sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a display element, and an optical system configured to guide to an exit pupil the display light and external light. The optical system includes a first polarization separating element, a first optical unit, and a second optical unit that includes a half-transmissive reflective surface, a phase plate, and a second polarization separating element. The external light transmits through the first polarization separating element and the second optical unit toward the exit pupil. The display light transmits through the first polarization separating element, is reflected by the first optical unit and the first polarization separating element, is twice reflected by the second optical unit, and travels to the exit pupil. The display light forms an intermediate image in an optical path from the first optical unit to the second optical unit.

Abstract: An optical system configured to guide a light beam from a display element includes a positive lens, a negative lens, and an optical element having at least three optical surfaces. The light beam from the display element is reflected a plurality of times inside the optical element via the positive lens and the negative lens, and then travels to an exit pupil. A predetermined condition is satisfied.

Abstract: Information representing a position and orientation of a captured image or information for deriving the position and orientation is acquired from the captured image as extraction information, and a reduced-information-amount image is generated by reducing an amount of information in the captured image in accordance with a distance from a position that a user is gazing at in the captured image. The reduced-information-amount image and the extraction information are outputted to an external device, and a composite image that has been generated based on the reduced-information-amount image and an image of a virtual space generated by the external device based on the extraction information is received.

Abstract: Information representing a position and orientation of a captured image or information for deriving the position and orientation is acquired from the captured image as extraction information, and a reduced-information-amount image is generated by reducing an amount of information in the captured image in accordance with a distance from a position that a user is gazing at in the captured image. The reduced-information-amount image and the extraction information are outputted to an external device, and a composite image that has been generated based on the reduced-information-amount image and an image of a virtual space generated by the external device based on the extraction information is received.

Abstract: The image display system includes a first image producer producing a first left-eye display image using a left-eye original image that is a left-eye captured image or a left-eye processed image produced therefrom, and producing a first right-eye display image using a right-eye original image that is a right-eye captured image or a right-eye processed image produced therefrom. A first image display unit allows left and right eyes of a viewer to view the first left-eye and right-eye display images. The first image producer produces the first left-eye and right-eye display images each corresponding to an image of a partial area of the original image. A second image producer produces, using at least one of the left-eye and right-eye original images, a second display image corresponding to an image of an area including the above partial area and being wider than that partial area.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes an original image forming unit configured to form an identical image in each of image forming regions, and an optical system including optical elements corresponding to the respective image forming regions and configured to form exit pupils corresponding to the image forming regions each displaying the identical image.

Abstract: An observation optical system configured to guide light from a plurality of original images to an exit pupil to present a combined overall image of the plurality of original images, includes a first optical element including a first off-axial reflecting surface configured to reflect at least a portion of light, a second optical element including a second off-axial reflecting surface configured to reflect at least a portion of light, and a off-axial optical system which overlaps at the pupil light fluxes from positions on the respective original images that have an identical angle-of-view, wherein the second optical element is cemented with the first optical element in at least a portion of the first off-axial reflecting surface, and wherein the cemented surface is a surface which reflects at least a portion of light and transmits at least a portion of light.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a plurality of display elements each configured to display an original image, and an observation optical system configured to introduce light fluxes from the plurality of display elements to an exit pupil via a plurality of optical units, and to present a combined image. When a decentering section of each optical unit is defined as a section formed by a principal ray of the light flux introduced to the same image point in the combined image when the principal ray is reflected, the plurality of optical units are arranged so that decentering sections of the plurality of optical units are parallel. The plurality of display elements includes two neighboring display elements, and display planes of the two display elements partially display the same image.

Abstract: The image display apparatus includes an observation optical system including first and second optical elements which respectively introducing first and second light fluxes from first and second image-forming elements to first and second exit pupils, and a relay optical system. The relay optical system causes third and fourth light fluxes from the second and first image-forming elements to form intermediate images and introducing them to the first and second optical elements. The observation optical system displays images corresponding to the first and second original images in mutually different viewing angle areas by introducing the first and third light fluxes to the first exit pupil through the first optical element, and displays images corresponding to the second and first original images in mutually different viewing angle areas by introducing the second and fourth light fluxes to the second exit pupil through the second optical element.

Abstract: The laminated diffractive optical element includes plural diffraction gratings 21, 22 and 23 laminated with each other, the respective diffraction gratings being formed of a same light-transmissive material. In the element, reflective films are formed on grating surfaces 11 and 12 of the respective diffraction gratings, each of the reflective films being disposed between the diffraction gratings. Each of the reflective films reflects light in a specific wavelength range and transmits light in a wavelength range different from the specific wavelength range, the specific wavelength ranges of the respective reflective films being different from each other. The grating surfaces of the respective diffraction gratings are formed in shapes different from each other according to the specific wavelength ranges corresponding to the respective reflective films.

Abstract: An observation optical system is configured to introduce light fluxes from a plurality of display elements to an exit pupil via an optical element having a plurality of optical units, and to present a combined and enlarged image. Each display element is configured to display an original image. One optical unit of the observation optical system has a plurality of reflective surfaces. A reflective surface that has the highest refractive power among the plurality of reflective surfaces has a symmetrical plane. When a decentering section is defined as a section that contains the symmetrical plane, the plurality of optical units are arranged so that the decentering sections of the plurality of optical units are parallel to each other. The reflective surfaces having the highest refractive power in different optical units intersect each other.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes an original image forming unit configured to form an identical image in each of image forming regions, and an optical system including optical elements corresponding to the respective image forming regions and configured to form exit pupils corresponding to the image forming regions each displaying the identical image.

Abstract: An observation optical system configured to guide light from a plurality of original images to an exit pupil to present a combined overall image of the plurality of original images, includes a first optical element including a first off-axial reflecting surface configured to reflect at least a portion of light, a second optical element including a second off-axial reflecting surface configured to reflect at least a portion of light, and a off-axial optical system which overlaps at the pupil light fluxes from positions on the respective original images that have an identical angle-of-view, wherein the second optical element is cemented with the first optical element in at least a portion of the first off-axial reflecting surface, and wherein the cemented surface is a surface which reflects at least a portion of light and transmits at least a portion of light.

Abstract: The observation optical system introduces light from a first display element and light from a second display element to an exit pupil to present an enlarged combined image of first and second original images. The optical system includes a first optical element allowing the light from the first display element to enter thereinto, a second optical element allowing the light from the second display element to enter thereinto, and a third optical element. The optical system introduces a first light component from a first display area in the second display element to the exit pupil through the second optical element and at least the first optical element, and introduces a second light component from a second display area in the second display element to the exit pupil through the second and third optical elements, not through the first optical element.