Abstract: The problem of the present invention is to provide a substrate with high versatility, a method for producing the substrate, and a method for producing a unit cell using the substrate. The problem is solved by providing a substrate comprising a plurality of alkali metal azide spots on a substantially flat surface.

Abstract: Using a compound that contains a structure where a carbazol-9-yl group substituted with a perfluoroalkyl group at the 2-position and the 7-position and a structural unit having a positive Hammett constant ?p (but excluding an aromatic hydrocarbon group) bond to each other directly or via a ?-conjugated linking group, wherein at least a part of the carbazol-9-yl group and at least a part of the structural unit having a positive Hammett constant ?p and, if any, the ?-conjugated linking group form a ?-electron conjugated system, an organic light emitting device having a high emission efficiency can be provided.

Abstract: Using a compound that contains a structure where a carbazol-9-yl group substituted with a perfluoroalkyl group at the 2-position and the 7-position and a structural unit having a positive Hammett constant ?p (but excluding an aromatic hydrocarbon group) bond to each other directly or via a ?-conjugated linking group, wherein at least a part of the carbazol-9-yl group and at least a part of the structural unit having a positive Hammett constant ?p and, if any, the ?-conjugated linking group form a ?-electron conjugated system, an organic light emitting device having a high emission efficiency can be provided.

Abstract: Provided are: a macromolecular compound for providing an organic semiconductor material exhibiting excellent conversion efficiency; a starting-material compound having high material design freedom; and methods for producing the same. The macromolecular compound according to the present invention comprising a benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the formula (1): [in the formula (1), T1 and T2 each independently represent an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, a thiophene ring optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, a thiazole ring optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, or a phenyl group optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group, an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, an organosilyl group, a halogen atom or a trifluoromethyl group; and B1 and B2 each represent a thiophene ring optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group, a thiazole ring optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group, or an ethynylene group].

Abstract: Provided are: a macromolecular compound for providing an organic semiconductor material exhibiting excellent conversion efficiency; a starting-material compound having high material design freedom; and methods for producing the same. The macromolecular compound according to the present invention comprising a benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the formula (1): [in the formula (1), T1 and T2 each independently represent an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, a thiophene ring optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, a thiazole ring optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, or a phenyl group optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group, an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, an organosilyl group, a halogen atom or a trifluoromethyl group; and B1 and B2 each represent a thiophene ring optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group, a thiazole ring optionally substituted by a hydrocarbon group, or an ethynylene group].

Abstract: Provided is an industrially safe and useful azodicarboxylic acid bis(2-alkoxyethyl) ester compound that is useful for the Mitsunobu reaction in which it is used in combination with a phosphorus compound to carry out a dehydration condensation reaction, and also useful as an oxidizing agent, and a starting material for various synthetic processes. Also provided are a production intermediate of the above-described compound, and methods for producing these compounds. An azodicarboxylic acid bis(2-alkoxyethyl) ester compound represented by formula (1); wherein A represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is an industrially safe and useful azodicarboxylic acid bis(2-alkoxyethyl) ester compound that is useful for the Mitsunobu reaction in which it is used in combination with a phosphorus compound to carry out a dehydration condensation reaction, and also useful as an oxidizing agent, and a starting material for various synthetic processes. Also provided are a production intermediate of the above-described compound, and methods for producing these compounds. An azodicarboxylic acid bis(2-alkoxyethyl) ester compound represented by formula (1); wherein A represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is an industrially safe and useful azodicarboxylic acid bis(2-alkoxyethyl) ester compound that is useful for the Mitsunobu reaction in which it is used in combination with a phosphorus compound to carry out a dehydration condensation reaction, and also useful as an oxidizing agent, and a starting material for various synthetic processes. Also provided are a production intermediate of the above-described compound, and methods for producing these compounds. An azodicarboxylic acid bis(2-alkoxyethyl) ester compound represented by formula (1); wherein A represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is an industrially safe and useful azodicarboxylic acid bis(2-alkoxyethyl) ester compound that is useful for the Mitsunobu reaction in which it is used in combination with a phosphorus compound to carry out a dehydration condensation reaction, and also useful as an oxidizing agent, and a starting material for various synthetic processes. Also provided are a production intermediate of the above-described compound, and methods for producing these compounds. An azodicarboxylic acid bis(2-alkoxyethyl) ester compound represented by formula (1); wherein A represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an alkoxy-(tetrazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde compound represented by Formula (2): wherein A1 is an alkoxy group, and A2 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group or fluorine-substituted alkyl group, the process comprising reacting a 1-(alkoxyphenyl)-1H-tetrazole compound represented by Formula (1): wherein A1 and A2 are as defined above, with hexamethylenetetramine in a sulfonic acid solvent, followed by hydrolysis. According to the present invention, an alkoxy-(tetrazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde compound can be safely and efficiently produced by formylating a 1-(alkoxyphenyl)-1H-tetrazole compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for safely and efficiently preparing 2-alkoxy-5-tetrazolyl-benzaldehyde compounds by formylating (4-alkoxyphenyl)-tetrazole compounds. The present invention provides a method for preparing 2-alkoxy-5-(alkyltetrazole-5-yl)-benzaldehyde by reacting a 5-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-alkyl-tetrazole with hexamethylenetetramine in a sulfonic acid solvent, followed by hydrolysis; and a method for preparing 2-alkoxy-5-(tetrazole-2-yl)-benzaldehyde compounds by reacting 2-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-2H-tetrazole compounds with hexamethylenetetramine in a sulfonic acid solvent, followed by hydrolysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an N-aryl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl chloride represented by Formula (2): the process comprising the step of reacting in an organic solvent a tertiary amine, a 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-arylacetamide represented by Formula (1): and at least one member selected from the group consisting of phosphorus oxychloride and diphenyl chlorophosphate; and a process for producing a 1-aryl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazole represented by Formula (4): the process comprising the step of reacting in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, in the presence of an amine salt, an N-aryl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl chloride represented by Formula (2) shown above and an azide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an N-aryl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl chloride represented by Formula (2): the process comprising the step of reacting in an organic solvent a tertiary amine, a 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-arylacetamide represented by Formula (1): and at least one member selected from the group consisting of phosphorus oxychloride and diphenyl chlorophosphate; and a process for producing a 1-aryl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazole represented by Formula (4): the process comprising the step of reacting in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, in the presence of an amine salt, an N-aryl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl chloride represented by Formula (2) shown above and an azide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an alkoxy-(tetrazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde compound represented by Formula (2): wherein A1 is an alkoxy group, and A2 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group or fluorine-substituted alkyl group, the process comprising reacting a 1-(alkoxyphenyl)-1H-tetrazole compound represented by Formula (1): wherein A1 and A2 are as defined above, with hexamethylenetetramine in a sulfonic acid solvent, followed by hydrolysis. According to the present invention, an alkoxy-(tetrazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde compound can be safely and efficiently produced by formylating a 1-(alkoxyphenyl)-1H-tetrazole compound.