Abstract: A master-slave manipulator apparatus and a control method therefor, in which a movement which an operator does not intend is prevented, thereby reflecting the operator's intention accurately and correctly, includes a master manipulator for conducting an operation input therewith, a controller for processing the operation input, and a slave manipulator for operating upon drive instruction from the controller, wherein the master manipulator includes a plurality of force detectors, and the controller decides a driver shaft, by comparing an output from a pattern producing means for producing a generation pattern of the outputs of the plurality of force detectors to a pattern stored in a memory means in advance, thereby removing the operation input which is caused unconsciously in the operation input of the master manipulator.

Abstract: There is provided an operating instrument insertion apparatus capable of easily inserting an operating instrument into the tissue. The operating instrument insertion apparatus includes a hollow tubular member for receiving an operating instrument therein, and a plurality of scoop-like members provided at a distal end of the hollow tubular member. The plurality of scoop-like members can be opened in such a manner that distal ends of the scoop-like members are moved away from each other in a direction transverse to an axial direction of said hollow tubular member, and the plurality of scoop-like members can be closed in such a manner that the distal ends of the scoop-like members are moved toward each other in this transverse direction, wherein the scoop-shape members in the opened condition cooperate so that an outside diameter formed thereby is no greater than an outside diameter of the hollow tube member.

Abstract: A surgical operating apparatus which reduces an adverse influence caused by a diseased portion of a patient while a surgical operation is carried out by the surgical operating apparatus. The surgical operating apparatus includes a disease portion tissue manipulator for treating a treating subject portion of the patient in response to an entered control command, a manipulation inputting unit for inputting a manipulation command to the disease portion manipulating means, and a detector for detecting a repeated movement of a diseased portion of said patient. The surgical operating apparatus adjusts the movement of the disease portion manipulator in response to the detection output from the detector.

Abstract: A surgical apparatus for automatically and dynamically changing the constitution of a system and the operation of respective elements. The surgical apparatus includes a plurality of devices respectively, a supervisory controller having a transmission path among the plurality of devices for supervisorily controlling the devices and an operational procedure description store for storing an operational procedure description describing operational procedures of the plurality of devices in which the supervisory controller includes a detector for detecting constitutions of the devices and for transmitting the operational procedure description necessary for the devices detected by the detector to the respective devices via the transmission path.

Abstract: A forceps, comprising: a pair of forceps members, being able to open or close at one end, so as to put an object between them, and being supported at the other end thereof; a driving wire for transferring tension thereon to the forceps members for bringing them to open and close; and a driver portion for giving the tension onto the driving wire, wherein: one of the forceps members is built up with a member (A) 41, being able to open or close at one end, so as to put the object between them, while being supported to freely rotate at the other end, and the other member with a member (B) 42, being able to put the object between them, but being supported fixedly at the other end; the driving wire 44 is wound around a rotary portion at the other end of the member (A) 41, and a portion of the wound portion thereof is fixed onto the rotary portion; and a tension for open and close operation is given from the driver portion to one end of the driving wire 44.

Abstract: A surgical operating apparatus capable of a high-precision surgical operation while observing a detailed image of an affected part to be subjected to surgical operation and capable of observing a related location of the affected part under surgical operation by means of an image obtained the imaging of a wider range is provided with an operating table provided in an area made an object of measurement by an MRI apparatus so that a surgical operation can be performed by operating an operating manipulator by an operation input device while monitoring a local image from an endoscope and/or a ultrasonic scanner and the observation of a range in the neighborhood of the affected part and wider than an observing area of the endoscope is enabled by the MRI apparatus under surgical operation, thereby providing a high-security surgical operating apparatus.

Abstract: A spread-spectrum communication system includes a transmitter for transmitting a spectrum-spread signal and a receiver for receiving the data signal. To establish synchronism between the signals transmitted and received, the receiver includes a first loop circuit for establishing synchronism in frequency and phase of a carrier for the spectrum-spread data signal, and a second loop circuit for detecting the synchronism of spectrum spreading code signal of a spectrum spread data signal after the carrier has been removed by said first loop circuit.