Abstract: A spread illuminating apparatus includes: at least one light source; a light conductive plate which has the at least one light source disposed at one end surface thereof, and which allows light emitted from the at least one light source and introduced therein to exit out therefrom through both major surfaces thereof toward first and second liquid crystal display elements disposed respectively over the both major surfaces of the light conductive plate, wherein the second liquid crystal display element has a smaller display screen size than the first liquid crystal display element; and a reflecting means which is disposed at the other major surface of the light conductive plate so as to cover at least areas not covered by the second liquid crystal display element, and which reflects light toward the first liquid crystal display element.

Abstract: In a spread illuminating apparatus comprising a light conductive plate, and at least one spot-like light source disposed close to a light entrance surface thereof, the light conductive plate has, on its light exit surface, a light scattering means comprising a plurality of mechanisms which are each formed so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the light entrance surface, and which are adapted to scatter the light emitted from the at least one spot-like light source with respect to the direction parallel to the light entrance surface. The mechanisms of the light scattering means each consist of either paired slanting surfaces, a ridge with its surface arced in cross section, or a ridge multifaceted forming a polygonal cross section. The surfaces of the mechanisms may be roughened with a plurality of grooves, thereby achieving a further uniform illumination.

Abstract: A spread illuminating apparatus includes: at least one light source; a light conductive plate which has the at least one light source disposed at one end surface thereof, and which allows light emitted from the at least one light source and introduced therein to exit out therefrom through both major surfaces thereof toward first and second liquid crystal display elements disposed respectively over the both major surfaces of the light conductive plate, wherein the second liquid crystal display element has a smaller display screen size than the first liquid crystal display element; and a reflecting means which is disposed at the other major surface of the light conductive plate so as to cover at least areas not covered by the second liquid crystal display element, and which reflects light toward the first liquid crystal display element.

Abstract: In a spread illuminating apparatus comprising a light conductive plate, and at least one spot-like light source disposed close to a light entrance surface thereof, the light conductive plate has, on its light exit surface, a light scattering means comprising a plurality of mechanisms which are each formed so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the light entrance surface, and which are adapted to scatter the light emitted from the at least one spot-like light source with respect to the direction parallel to the light entrance surface. The mechanisms of the light scattering means each consist of either paired slanting surfaces, a ridge with its surface arced in cross section, or a ridge multifaceted forming a polygonal cross section. The surfaces of the mechanisms may be roughened with a plurality of grooves, thereby achieving a further uniform illumination.

Abstract: A spread illuminating apparatus combined with a liquid crystal display via a frame has a reduced thickness as a whole, thereby realizing a natural liquid crystal display image. A light conductive plate has its peripheral portion fitted in a groove of the frame, and a lamp disposed on a side surface of the light conductive plate is housed in the frame. A top side portion of the liquid crystal display is fitted into a cut-away portion of the frame by a predetermined dimension, and a space between a bottom surface of the light conductive plate and a top surface of the liquid crystal display is reduced, whereby the thickness of the entire apparatus is reduced by a dimension of the liquid crystal display fitted into the frame compared with that of the conventional configuration in which the frame is superimposed on the top surface of the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A spread illuminating apparatus combined with a liquid crystal display via a frame has a reduced thickness as a whole, thereby realizing a natural liquid crystal display image. A light conductive plate has its peripheral portion fitted in a groove of the frame, and a lamp disposed on a side surface of the light conductive plate is housed in the frame. A top side portion of the liquid crystal display is fitted into a cut-away portion of the frame by a predetermined dimension, and a space between a bottom surface of the light conductive plate and a top surface of the liquid crystal display is reduced, whereby the thickness of the entire apparatus is reduced by a dimension of the liquid crystal display fitted into the frame compared with that of the conventional configuration in which the frame is superimposed on the top surface of the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A floating magnetic head comprising a substantially rectangular slider made of a non-magnetic substance and having leading and trailing ends. The slider is provided with a groove which gradually increases in depth along one side of the slider extending toward the trailing end and has an opening at the trailing end. The slider has rails mounted on a surface of the slider that is opposite to a magnetic recording medium to produce a floating force. A magnetic head core is bonded to one side of the slider. The core has a read/write gap, first and second legs, an inclined face opposite to the bonding surface, and a track width on the surface opposite to the magnetic recording medium. The second leg is located at the trailing end of the slider without protruding from the trailing end.

Abstract: A magnetic head assembly 1E is constituted in such a manner as a pair of magnetic head mechanisms 3E, 3E, which are formed by accommodating a magnetic head 5 in a shield ring, respectively, are disposed opposite by opposing the proximal end rail 15a and the distal end rail 15b of one magnetic head mechanism 3E to the distal end rail 15b and the proximal end rail 15a of the other magnetic head mechanism 3E, respectively. A pair of shield rings 6,6 are positioned symmetrically with respect to each other (not in off-set). A spacing L.sub.s of a pair of shield rings is shorter than a spacing L.sub.c between the one shield ring 6 and the other magnetic head core 8. The outer magnetic flux .phi. flows to each other shield ring 6, so that the flux .phi..sub.c which flows to the magnetic head core 8 reduces. Thus, the induced voltage in the coil generated by any outer magnetic field is controlled to reduce noise.

Abstract: To provide a magnetic head and a method for producing the same with a high dimension precision and a good shield effect, a cutaway 35 is formed by applying a machining process to a closure member 22, and first, second and third ribs 31, 32 and 33 of a back yoke base member 30 formed by molding, thereby obtaining a back yoke. A width of the first, second and third ribs 31, 32 and 33 is made large. There is no fear that the deformation or warpage would occur due to molding or sintering. As a result, it is possible to increase a height of first, second and third leg portions 19, 20 and 21. It is therefore possible to increase the desired reproduction output by increasing the number of turns of coils. It is possible to dispense with a gap formed on a bottom side of the back yoke, that has been required for extracting lead lines in the conventional manner.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a slider including rail portions for sliding on a magnetic medium. One rail portion includes inner side walls which define a rectangular hole, and a head core body having magnetic gaps is sealed in the hole with a sealing agent. Projections are formed on the inner side walls to enable proper core positioning in the hole. Multiple projections can be formed on the respective side walls. The projections can have different heights and also be spaced from the head core body in the hole. The projections can include first projections having a height H.sub.1 and second projections having a height H.sub.2 that satisfy the equation 1.2.times.H.sub.1 .ltoreq.H.sub.2 .ltoreq.5.0 H.sub.1. Also, the relative heights of the first and second projections can be related by the inequality, H.sub.2 -H.sub.1 >C-w, in which C is the spacing between projections on opposed inner side walls, and w is the width of the head core body in a direction between the opposed inner side walls.

Abstract: A floating magnetic head including a spacer, made from a nonmagnetic substance and which is equal or longer than a head core, is interposed between a slider made from a magnetic substance and the head core. In an alternative embodiment, a part of the slider is made from a nonmagnetic substance and the head core is secured thereon, and coils are wound in opposite senses around core legs of the head core. The present invention shields a noise of an external magnetic field with the slider and improves a recording performance because the slider is isolated magnetically and a magnetic resistance of the slider becomes smaller than that of the head core.

Abstract: A floating magnetic head comprising a slider and a head core integral with the slider. The slider is made of a nonmagnetic material such as barium titanate or calcium titanate. The slider has rails on its surface opposite to a magnetic recording medium to produce a floating force. The head core has a read/write gap. The head core is equipped with a winding. The core is disposed on the outside of the slider and has a tapering thickness.