Abstract: To provide a process for a lithium-containing composite oxide for a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery, which has a large volume capacity density and high safety, and is excellent in the charge and discharge cyclic durability and low temperature characteristics. A process for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the formula LipNxMyOzFa (wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, alkaline earth metal elements and transition metal elements other than N, 0.9?p?1.2, 0.95?x?2.00, 0<y?0.05, 1.9?z?4.2 and 0?a?0.

Abstract: To provide a transition metal compound granule serving as a raw material for a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, which has high packing density, large volume capacity density and high safety and which is excellent in durability for charge and discharge cycles. A transition metal compound granule serving as a raw material for a positive electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery, which comprises particles containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and manganese and having an average particle size of the primary particles being at most 1 ?m and which is substantially spherical and has an average particle size D50 of from 10 to 40 ?m and an average pore size of at most 1 ?m.

Abstract: To provide a process for a lithium-containing composite oxide for a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery, which has a large volume capacity density and high safety, and is excellent in the charge and discharge cyclic durability and low temperature characteristics. A process for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the formula LipNxMyOzFa (wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, alkaline earth metal elements and transition metal elements other than N, 0.9?p?1.2, 0.95?x?2.00, 0?y?0.05, 1.9?z?4.2 and 0?a?0.

Abstract: To provide an electric double layer capacitor having a low resistance, a high withstanding voltage and an excellent low-temperature characteristic. This object is achieved by employing, for an electric double layer capacitor having a pair of polarized electrodes and an electrolytic solution capable of forming an electric double layer at the interface with the polarized electrodes, an electrolytic solution containing as an electrolyte a salt represented by the formula 1, and as solvents at least (1) a chain carbonate having at most 5 carbon atoms, (2) sulfolane or its derivative and (3) a fluorobenzene: wherein each of R1 and R2 which are independent of each other, is a C1-4 alkyl group, and X? is an anion.

Abstract: To provide an electric double layer capacitor having a low resistance, a high withstanding voltage and an excellent low-temperature characteristic. This object is achieved by employing, for an electric double layer capacitor having a pair of polarized electrodes and an electrolytic solution capable of forming an electric double layer at the interface with the polarized electrodes, an electrolytic solution containing as an electrolyte a salt represented by the formula 1, and as solvents at least (1) a chain carbonate having at most 5 carbon atoms, (2) sulfolane or its derivative and (3) a fluorobenzene: herein each of R1 and R2 which are independent of each other, is a C1-4 alkyl group, and X? is an anion.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor which has a low internal resistance and a large capacitance per unit volume and which is excellent in the voltage retention property, is provided. In a non-aqueous type electric double layer capacitor having a separator disposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode made of carbonaceous electrodes, the separator comprises a sheet having a thickness of from 10 to 100 ?m and a porosity of from 50 to 90% and a netted spacer having a thickness of from 10 to 100 mm, a numerical aperture of from 30 to 85% and an opening of from 50 to 350 mesh, laminated one on the other.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor having a pair of polarized electrodes and an electrolytic solution capable of forming an electric double layer at the interface with the polarized electrodes, wherein the electrolytic solution is an organic electrolytic solution containing a fluorobenzene of the formula 1: wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6.

Abstract: A process for producing an electric double layer capacitor, which comprises a step of preparing a positive electrode and a negative electrode, each being a carbonaceous electrode containing as the main component a carbon material having a specific surface area of from 100 to 2,500 m2/g, a step of forming an element comprising the positive electrode and the negative electrode and a separator having a thickness of at most 60 &mgr;m interposed therebetween, and a step of impregnating the element with a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the copper content in the positive electrode before being impregnated with the non-aqueous electrolyte is at most 1 ppm.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material which has a total pore volume of from 0.3 to 2.0 cm3/g per unit mass, a volume of micropores having diameters of from 10 to 20 Å of from 10 to 60% based on the total pore volume, a volume of mesopores having diameters of from 20 to 200 Å of from 20 to 70% based on the total pore volume, a volume of macropores having diameters exceeding 200 Å of not more than 20% based on the total pore volume, and a specific surface area of from 1,000 to 2,500 m2/g.

Abstract: A method for producing an electric double layer capacitor, which comprises impregnating an element comprising positive and negative electrodes facing each other with a separator interposed between them, with an organic electrolyte capable of forming an electric double layer on the surface of the electrodes to store electric charge, and then applying a voltage to the element, wherein said positive and negative electrodes are made of electrodes containing a carbonaceous material having a specific surface area of from 100 to 3,000 m2/g, and said organic electrolyte contains benzene or its chlorine derivative having at least one hydrogen atom of benzene substituted by a chlorine atom.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor including a positive electrode assembly and a negative electrode assembly, each electrode assembly having a porous layer including a carbonaceous powder and a fluorine-containing polymer formed on at least one side of an aluminum foil current collector, the positive electrode and the negative electrode being disposed so that the porous layer of the positive electrode assembly and the porous layer of the negative electrode assembly face each other with a separator interposed therebetween to form an element, the element being impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte and accommodated in a sealed container, wherein the thickness of the porous layer is from 80 to 200 &mgr;m, the thickness of the aluminum foil current collector is from 20 to 80 &mgr;m, the thickness of the separator is from 30 to 170 &mgr;m, and the density of the porous layer is from 0.50 to 0.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor having a pair of polarized electrodes and an electrolytic solution capable of forming an electric double layer at the interface with the polarized electrodes, wherein the electrolytic solution contains a salt of the Formula 1 as the electrolyte and at least dimethyl carbonate as a solvent: R1R2R3R4N+X−  Formula 1 wherein R1 is a n-propyl group and each of R2, R3 and R4 which are independent of one another, is a methyl group or an ethyl group, provided that two selected from R1 to R4 may together form a tetramethylene group, and X− is an anion.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor having a pair of polarized electrodes and an electrolytic solution capable of forming an electric double layer at the interface with the polarized electrodes, wherein the electrolytic solution is an organic electrolytic solution containing a fluorobenzene of the formula 1: 1

Abstract: An activated carbon for an electric double layer capacitor electrode, which comprises a stacking structure having 2 layers or less of in a proportion stacking of from 25 to 80% and a stacking structure having 5 layers or more in a proportion of from 2 to 30% in the distribution of a stacking structure as obtained by analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern of (002) plane, and which has a specific surface area of from 500 to 2,800 m2/g and a total pore volume of from 0.5 to 1.8 cm3/g.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor having a pair of polarized electrodes and an electrolytic solution capable of forming an electric double layer at the interface with the polarized electrodes, wherein the electrolytic solution comprises a salt of the Formula 1 as the electrolyte and at least dimethyl carbonate as a solvent:

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor electrode, including activating a graphitizable carbon or a graphitizable carbon source to have its pore volume in the range of 0.6 to 1.5 cm3/g, and imparting mechanical impact force to the graphitizable carbon or the graphitizable carbon source activated in the activating step to reduce the pore volume to at most 75% of that before the mechanical impact force is imparted.

Abstract: An activated carbon for an electric double layer capacitor electrode, which comprises a stacking structure having 2 layers or less of in a proportion stacking of from 25 to 80% and a stacking structure having 5 layers or more in a proportion of from 2 to 30% in the distribution of a stacking structure as obtained by analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern of (002) plane, and which has a specific surface area of from 500 to 2,800 m2/g and a total pore volume of from 0.5 to 1.8 cm3/g.

Abstract: A process for producing an electric double layer capacitor, which comprises a step of preparing a positive electrode and a negative electrode, each being a carbonaceous electrode containing as the main component a carbon material having a specific surface area of from 100 to 2,500 m2/g, a step of forming an element comprising the positive electrode and the negative electrode and a separator having a thickness of at most 60 &mgr;m interposed therebetween, and a step of impregnating the element with a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the copper content in the positive electrode before being impregnated with the non-aqueous electrolyte is at most 1 ppm.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor having an element impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, said element comprising positive and negative electrodes made of carbonaceous electrodes, and a separator interposed between the electrodes, wherein said separator is made of at least two paper layers laminated to form one sheet, each of the paper layers has a thickness of from 20 to 60 &mgr;m, and at least one of the paper layers is a cellulose paper layer having a density of from 0.37 to 0.60 g/cm3.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor electrode, which comprises: