Abstract: An electromagnetic valve manifold includes valve assemblies arranged in a single direction, each valve assembly including electromagnetic valves arranged in the single direction, a slave station disposed at one of ends of the electromagnetic valve manifold in the single direction, and a valve driving unit disposed in correspondence with each of the valve assemblies. The slave station includes a slave station output port that sends a control signal and valve driving unit power to the valve driving units. The valve driving units each include an electromagnetic valve power input port that receives electromagnetic valve power from an external device and a circuit board configured to control driving of the electromagnetic valves of a corresponding one of the valve assemblies using the control signal and send the electromagnetic valve power to the electromagnetic valves.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory includes a memory array which outputs storage data, at least one data unit at a time, each data unit having a plurality of bits including a parity bit, a parity check circuit for performing a parity check on storage data, at least one data unit at a time, input for both to and output from the memory array, and an external terminal for outputting the result of the parity check.