Abstract: An apparatus for receiving Raman scattering signals, includes an optic light-collection system for collecting Raman scattering lights having scattered from an object when excitation laser beams are irradiated thereto, a spectroscope including a diffraction grating, for separating the Raman scattering lights into its spectral components, and an optical path converter including at least one optical waveguide for converting lights having been collected by the optic light-collection system into slit-shaped lights in compliance with an orientation of the diffraction grating.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an alloy steel having excellent erosion resistance to molten zinc and used as a material for parts and members for molten zinc plating facilities, e.g. sink roll, coating roll, roll frame and snout. The alloy in the present invention consists essentially of, by weight percent, about 0.10 to 0.17 wt % of carbon, from about 0.30 to 2% of silicon, from about 0.30 to about 2% manganese, from about 10% to 20% nickel, from about 20% to about 35% chromium, from about 0.50% to about 5% molybdenum and from not less than about 0.40% to about 0.75% nitrogen, the balance consisting of substantially of Fe, and unavoidable impurities. Tungsten, from about 0.5% to about 5%, may also be added to enhance the strength of the alloy.

Abstract: A recycling method and apparatus that almost completely removes paints and pigments on the surfaces of empty aluminum cans to recover aluminum with very few impurities. Pressed blocks of aluminum cans are shredded into small aluminum pieces (a) by shredding means (1, 2, and 3), and foreign matter mixed in the aggregate of aluminum pieces obtained is removed. The aggregate of small aluminum pieces (a) free from foreign matter is agitated by a paint removing device (20) using a rotating body (36) that rotates at a high speed, in order to remove paints and pigments coated on the surfaces of the aluminum pieces (a) employing frictional force caused by the difference in speed as well as adhesion. The small aluminum pieces (a) free from paints and pigments are molded again into aluminum compacts (b) by a compression molding machine.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for cooling a steel sheet, which comprises: ejecting cooling water onto a steel sheet laid horizontally from above and from below said steel sheet immediately after the completion of hot rolling to cool said steel sheet; shielding each of the both side edge portions of the upper surface in the width direction of said steel sheet from said ejected cooling water by a shielding means movable in the width direction of said steel sheet so that the temperature distribution in the width direction of said steel sheet becomes uniform at the completion of the ejection of cooling water; and, determining a shielding width of each of said both side edge portions of said steel sheet, which is shielded from said ejected cooling water, on the basis of the width and the thickness of said steel sheet, the temperature and the flow rate per unit area of cooling water ejected onto the upper and the lower surfaces of said steel sheet, the period of time from start to completion of the ejection of cooling