Abstract: To provide a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a non-aqueous secondary battery, a cell pack, and a hybrid power system, capable of improving desired battery performance in an acetonitrile electrolyte solution, the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains a non-aqueous solvent, PO2F2 anions, and cyclic acid anhydride.

Abstract: To provide a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a non-aqueous secondary battery, a cell pack, and a hybrid power system, capable of improving desired battery performance using acetonitrile, the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains acetonitrile, lithium salt, and cyclic acid anhydride.

Abstract: To provide a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a non-aqueous secondary battery, a cell pack, and a hybrid power system, capable of improving desired battery performance in an acetonitrile electrolyte solution, the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains a non-aqueous solvent, PO2F2 anions, and cyclic acid anhydride.

Abstract: To provide a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a non-aqueous secondary battery, a cell pack, and a hybrid power system, capable of improving desired battery performance in an acetonitrile electrolyte solution, the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains a non-aqueous solvent, PO2F2 anions, and cyclic acid anhydride.

Abstract: To provide a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a non-aqueous secondary battery, a cell pack, and a hybrid power system, capable of improving desired battery performance in an acetonitrile electrolyte solution, the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains a non-aqueous solvent, PO2F2 anions, and cyclic acid anhydride.

Abstract: To provide a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a non-aqueous secondary battery, a cell pack, and a hybrid power system, capable of improving desired battery performance using acetonitrile, the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains acetonitrile, lithium salt, and cyclic acid anhydride.

Abstract: An Al wiring film having a tapered shape is obtained easily and in a stable manner. An Al wiring film has a double-layer structure including a first Al alloy layer made of Al or an Al alloy, and a second Al alloy layer laid on the first Al alloy layer and having a composition different from a composition of the first Al alloy layer by containing at least one element of Ni, Pd, and Pt. The second Al alloy layer is etched by an alkaline chemical solution used in a developing process of a photoresist, and an end portion of the second Al alloy layer recedes from an end portion of the photoresist. Thereafter, by performing wet etching using the photoresist as a mask, a cross section of the Al wiring film becomes a tapered shape.

Abstract: An Al wiring film having a tapered shape is obtained easily and in a stable manner. An Al wiring film has a double-layer structure including a first Al alloy layer made of Al or an Al alloy, and a second Al alloy layer laid on the first Al alloy layer and having a composition different from a composition of the first Al alloy layer by containing at least one element of Ni, Pd, and Pt. The second Al alloy layer is etched by an alkaline chemical solution used in a developing process of a photoresist, and an end portion of the second Al alloy layer recedes from an end portion of the photoresist. Thereafter, by performing wet etching using the photoresist as a mask, a cross section of the Al wiring film becomes a tapered shape.

Abstract: An Al wiring film having a tapered shape is obtained easily and in a stable manner. An Al wiring film has a double-layer structure including a first Al alloy layer made of Al or an Al alloy, and a second Al alloy layer laid on the first Al alloy layer and having a composition different from a composition of the first Al alloy layer by containing at least one element of Ni, Pd, and Pt. The second Al alloy layer is etched by an alkaline chemical solution used in a developing process of a photoresist, and an end portion of the second Al alloy layer recedes from an end portion of the photoresist. Thereafter, by performing wet etching using the photoresist as a mask, a cross section of the Al wiring film becomes a tapered shape.

Abstract: A television receiving apparatus having an HDCP authentication function of protecting the video contents from illegal copy, including: an analog input terminal for inputting a composite signal or component signal; a digital input terminal for inputting a digit video signal conforming to the DVI standards; switching means for switching internally between the analog input terminal and the digital input terminal; and switching control means for controlling the switching means to switch the internal connection from a digital input terminal side to an analog input terminal side, when the HDCP authentication is unsuccessful in a state where the digital input terminal and a digital output terminal of an external device are connected.

Abstract: In an optical disc apparatus using a decoder chip with no synchronization function of audio data and visual data, when reproduction of the audio data goes ahead of reproduction of the visual data by a period equal to or larger than 100 ms, a reproducing period of a first picture included in each VOBU (Video Object Unit) is shortened than that of other pictures in the same VOBU which are normally reproduced by a normal reproducing period with no lip sync compensation for synchronizing the reproduction of the visual data with the reproduction of the audio data. When leading of the audio data with respect to the video data becomes equal to or smaller than 30 ms, the lip sync compensation is stopped.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for determining characteristic deterioration in an individual device, an initial status value of the device is stored, preferably per temperature, a present status value of the device in operation is stored preferably corresponding to the temperature, the initial status value and the present status value are read corresponding to the temperature to normalize the present status value with the initial status value, and it is determined whether or not the normalized value is within a normal range.

Abstract: A television receiving apparatus having an HDCP authentication function of protecting the video contents from illegal copy, including: an analog input terminal for inputting a composite signal or component signal; a digital input terminal for inputting a digit video signal conforming to the DVI standards; switching means for switching internally between the analog input terminal and the digital input terminal; and switching control means for controlling the switching means to switch the internal connection from a digital input terminal side to an analog input terminal side, when the HDCP authentication is unsuccessful in a state where the digital input terminal and a digital output terminal of an external device are connected.

Abstract: In an optical disc apparatus using a decoder chip with no synchronization function of audio data and visual data, when reproduction of the audio data goes ahead of reproduction of the visual data by a period equal to or larger than 100 ms, a reproducing period of a first picture included in each VOBU (Video Object Unit) is shortened than that of other pictures in the same VOBU which are normally reproduced by a normal reproducing period with no lip sync compensation for synchronizing the reproduction of the visual data with the reproduction of the audio data. When leading of the audio data with respect to the video data becomes equal to or smaller than 30 ms, the lip sync compensation is stopped.

Abstract: In a delta sigma type D/A converter, in order to be capable of carrying out muting operation in steps at steps lower than 1 quantized step by digital processing, a multiplexor 2 for selectively outputting a mute code 15 for making an analog signal null and a thermometer code 14 to a local DAC4 is provided between a thermometer code converter 1 and the local DAC4, a time period of 1/M of a sampling period is made to constitute 1 cycle, at m1 (0≦m1≦M) cycle, the thermometer code 14 is made an output of the multiplexor 2 and at other m2 (m2=M−m1) cycle, the mute code 15 is made an output thereof and muting is carried out reducing the m1 cycle or muting is relieved by increasing thereof in steps at respective sampling period.

Abstract: In a delta sigma type D/A converter, in order to be capable of carrying out muting operation in steps at steps lower than 1 quantized step by digital processing, a multiplexor 2 for selectively outputting a mute code 15 for making an analog signal null and a thermometer code 14 to a local DAC 4 is provided between a thermometer code converter 1 and the local DAC 4, a time period of 1/M of a sampling period is made to constitute 1 cycle, at m1 (0≦m1≦M) cycle, the thermometer code 14 is made an output of the multiplexor 2 and at other m2 (m2=M−m1) cycle, the mute code 15 is made an output thereof and muting is carried out reducing the m1 cycle or muting is relieved by increasing thereof in steps at respective sampling period.

Abstract: Transmission system and equipment therefore are disclosed, by which independent network implementation corresponding to individual communication interfaces can be avoided. A network is constituted by a plurality of transmission equipment connected thereto. Each transmission equipment provides an interface which accommodates a plurality of low-speed main signal transmission lines respectively to transmit a main signal to the network according to the preset cross-connection, or to transmit, in the opposite direction, a main signal received from the network to the plurality of low-speed main signal transmission lines. The transmission equipment also provides an interface processor for converting formats corresponding to the main signal interfaces to a format commonly defined within the network.

Abstract: There is disclosed a variable-gain circuit forming resistors on a semiconductor substrate. The ratio of the total resistance to the minimum resistance is made smaller than heretofore. The circuit is miniaturized. The variable-gain circuit comprises an operational amplifier, a first set of resistors R1-Rn+1, a second set of resistors Rx1-Rxm, switches SW1-SWn and a control circuit. This control circuit closes only one of the switches SW1-SWn at all times.

Abstract: In a waveform data reproducing apparatus for a digital audio system, deterioration of sound quality is prevented by a digital audio waveform data reproducing apparatus which includes a digital preemphasis circuit 12 for digitally preemphasis-processing digital audio waveform data a1 to produce digitally preemphasized data c1, a D/A converter 14 for D/A-converting either the waveform data a1, or the digitally preemphasized data c1, a switch circuit 13 for causing the waveform data a1 to be connected to the D/A converter 14 when the waveform data a1 has been emphasis-processed, and for causing the digitally preemphasized waveform data c1 to be connected to the D/A converter 14 when the waveform data a1 is not emphasis-processed, and an analog deemphasis circuit 14 for analogically deemphasis-processing the output signal from the D/A converter 14.

Abstract: An air bag cover opening mechanism for an air bag for use in a vehicle. An air bag cover for closing an opening provided in an air bag case with an air bag accommodated therein has at one end thereof a hinge formed integrally with an inner surface layer of the air bag cover. A slit is provided in the inner surface layer of the air bag cover at the other end thereof to allow one end of a retainer to be retained therein. The other end portion of the retainer has a hole. With this hole aligned with a hole provided in a side wall of the air bag case, a spacer is inserted into the aligned holes, and a bolt is threadedly inserted into an internally threaded hole provided in the spacer and is tightened, thereby allowing the retainer to be rotatably held onto the air bag case and the other end of the air bag cover to be fixed.