Abstract: A lower thread supply device of a sewing machine includes a bobbin, a bobbin case, a magnetic force member, and a magnetic force change portion. The bobbin has a cylindrical portion for inserting into a spindle of a shuttle, a shuttle side flange portion, and a front surface side flange portion which is magnetic, and a lower thread is wound around an outer circumference of the cylindrical portion between the shuttle side flange portion and the front surface side flange portion. The bobbin case has a non-magnetic cover portion having a front surface side part and a side wall part, housing the bobbin and transmitting a magnetic force. The magnetic force member is arranged at the front surface side of the bobbin case and attracts the front surface side flange portion of the bobbin by a magnetic force via the bobbin case.

Abstract: A lower thread supply device of a sewing machine includes a bobbin, a bobbin case, a magnetic force member, and a magnetic force change portion. The bobbin has a cylindrical portion for inserting into a spindle of a shuttle, a shuttle side flange portion, and a front surface side flange portion which is magnetic, and a lower thread is wound around an outer circumference of the cylindrical portion between the shuttle side flange portion and the front surface side flange portion. The bobbin case has a non-magnetic cover portion having a front surface side part and a side wall part, housing the bobbin and transmitting a magnetic force. The magnetic force member is arranged at the front surface side of the bobbin case and attracts the front surface side flange portion of the bobbin by a magnetic force via the bobbin case.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyhydric alcohol includes a step (I) of hydrogenating hemiacetal having a specific structure to obtain a reaction solution (I), and a step (II) of adding water to the reaction solution (I) obtained in the step (I) and further conducting hydrogenation.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyhydric alcohol includes a step (I) of hydrogenating hemiacetal having a specific structure to obtain a reaction solution (I), and a step (II) of adding water to the reaction solution (I) obtained in the step (I) and further conducting hydrogenation.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol by hydrogenating 2-hydroxy-4-methyltetrahydropyran in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, characterized in that the hydrogenation is further carried out in the presence of a basic compound. By this method, in producing MPD by hydrogenation of MHP, high-purity MPD can be produced by effectively suppressing generation of by-products such as MPAE and MVL even when a known hydrogenation catalyst is used.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol by hydrogenating 2-hydroxy-4-methyltetrahydropyran in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, characterized in that the hydrogenation is further carried out in the presence of a basic compound. By this method, in producing MPD by hydrogenation of MHP, high-purity MPD can be produced by effectively suppressing generation of by-products such as MPAE and MVL even when a known hydrogenation catalyst is used.

Abstract: Phosphonium salts represented by the general formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 each represents a phenyl group which may be substituted by a lower alkyl group, R3 represents a phenylene group which may be substituted by a lower alkyl group, R7 and R8 each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may be substituted and R9 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted; processes for producing the same and uses for the same; phosphines providing the same, and processes for producing said phosphines.

Abstract: A pump module 30 is provided for introducing a negative pressure t a fuel tank 10. A tank's internal pressure at a time, upon which a steady-state pressure reaching time elapses after introduction of the negative pressure is started, is detected as a convergence value. It is determined whether or not there is a leak in a system including the fuel tank based on that convergence value. A space volume inside the fuel tank 10 is detected by an output produced by a fuel level gauge 12. The steady-state pressure reaching time is set based on the space volume.

Abstract: A pump module 30 is provided for introducing a negative pressure t a fuel tank 10. A tank's internal pressure at a time, upon which a steady-state pressure reaching time elapses after introduction of the negative pressure is started, is detected as a convergence value. It is determined whether or not there is a leak in a system including the fuel tank based on that convergence value. A space volume inside the fuel tank 10 is detected by an output produced by a fuel level gauge 12. The steady-state pressure reaching time is set based on the space volume.

Abstract: Phosphonium salts represented by the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: In an evaporated fuel processing apparatus, a fuel tank is communicated with a canister via a vapor passage. A canister temperature sensor is disposed around a purge port of the canister for detecting a temperature of the canister. When a large quantity of gas is supplied upon supply of the fuel to flow from the fuel tank to the canister, the peak value of the canister temperature is detected. The fuel adsorbing state within the canister is estimated on the basis of the canister temperature obtained subsequent to detection of the peak value.

Abstract: Phosphonium salts represented by the general formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 each represents a phenyl group which may be substituted by a lower alkyl group, R3 represents a phenylene group which may be substituted by a lower alkyl group, R7 and R8 each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may be substituted and R9 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted; processes for producing the same and uses for the same; phosphines providing the same, and processes for producing said phosphines.

Abstract: In an evaporated fuel processing apparatus, a fuel tank is communicated with a canister via a vapor passage. A canister temperature sensor is disposed around a purge port of the canister for detecting a temperature of the canister. When a large quantity of gas is supplied upon supply of the fuel to flow from the fuel tank to the canister, the peak value of the canister temperature is detected. The fuel adsorbing state within the canister is estimated on the basis of the canister temperature obtained subsequent to detection of the peak value.

Abstract: Phosphonium salts represented by the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: Polyalcohols are produced by a process comprising hydrogenating polyketones, which are copolymers of carbon monoxide and at least one olefin, in the presence of a catalyst and a solvent. The catalyst is prepared from a ruthenium-containing compound and a trialkylphosphine. The trialkylphosphine is represented by the general formula (I):R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 P (I)wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon groups. The carbon groups may be substituted. The process requires minimal amounts of the catalyst, and the polyalcohols produced by this method have a high hydroxyl group content.