Abstract: A field emission device capable of permitting a focusing electrode to be arranged around a gate electrode without any restriction. A gate electrode is arranged on an upper surface of an insulating layer of a cathode substrate-side structure and holes are formed through the insulating layer and gate electrode. A conical emitter is arranged in each of the holes. The insulating layer is formed on the upper surface thereof with a focusing electrode so as to surround the gate electrode. The insulating layer is formed on a lower surface thereof with a connection line, a resistive layer and a cathode electrode line. The gate electrode is electrically connected to the connection line through a contact hole and a gate electrode line is electrically connected to the connection line through another contact hole.

Abstract: A unit for driving an image display device capable of preventing occurrence of luminescent spots on a display plane due to a leakage voltage of the unit. The drive unit includes gate electrodes and cathode electrodes arranged so as to define a matrix by cooperation with each other. At least two reset pulses are applied to each of the gate electrodes during a period of time for which it is kept nonselected to cause a voltage increased due to the leakage voltage to be reduced to a level of a reference potential and the gate electrode is kept at an increased impedance during a period of time for which the gate electrode is kept from being fed with the reset pulses.

Abstract: A field emission display for reducing luminance unevenness by construction means. A plurality of stripe shaped cathode wirings 102 are formed in the cathode area 109 on a cathode substrate 101. Cut-through sections 108 are formed in each of the cathode wirings 102 and an island-like electrode 107 is formed within each cut-through section 108. A resistance layer 103 is formed on the cathode wiring 102, the cut-through section 108 and the island-like electrode 107. A plurality of emitter cones 106 are formed on the resistance layer 103 so as to provide a field emission array. The distance between the island-like electrode 107 and the cathode wiring 102 is changed depending on the position thereof in the cathode area 109 so as to correct deviation of the emission characteristic depending on the position. In the case of a full-color field emission display, white balance can be corrected by changing the distance depending on the luminous color of each dot.

Abstract: In a field emission type device, pairs of patch-shaped cathode electrodes 3 are disposed on each of cathode electrodes 2 with an insulation in the line direction. Even-numbered patch-shaped gate electrodes 3 are connected to a first gate lead electrode GT1 on a line perpendicular to the cathode electrodes 2. Odd-numbered patch-shaped gate electrodes are connected to a second gate lead electrode GT2. An anode electrode 8 with a phosphor is disposed opposite to the patch-shaped gate electrodes 3. The first gate lead electrode GT1 and the second gate lead electrode GT2 are alternatively driven. The voltage of one of the first gate lead electrode GT1 and the second gate lead electrode GT2 is set to a ground level. Image data is supplied to cathode lead electrodes Cl to Ck. The voltage of the patch-shaped gate electrodes disposed adjacent to a patch-shaped gate electrode 3 that is driven is set to the ground level. Thus, electrons emitted are focused.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling a washing machine. The washing machine control apparatus includes a mechanical timer and a controller including a microcomputer. The mechanical timer has a plurality of cam switches for controlling the steps of washing, rinsing and dehydrating by the washing machine, and the cam switches are actuated so as to open and close a feed water valve and a drain valve and to instruct the control to drive a drive motor according to a selected operation pattern. The controller controls the drive motor and drives a washing tube through an agitating member and includes a memory for storing a plurality of motor operation patterns corresponding to the washing, rinsing and dehydrating steps, so that the drive motor is driven according to an operation pattern controlled by the mechanical timer and stored in the memory of the controller.

Abstract: A drainage pump includes a pump casing having an inlet and an outlet, and an impeller accommodated in the casing and rotated by a driving motor. The impeller has a plate-like vane. A liquid flows from the inlet toward a front end portion of the vane along the axis of the vane, and is discharged from the outlet in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the vane. The front end portion of the vane has a convex shape, and therefore has an inclined portion which extends from a portion located on the axis of the vane to an outer peripheral edge thereof.

Abstract: A fluorescent display device capable of eliminating a display defect and exhibiting high luminance to improve quality of a luminous display and provide the display with good visibility. The fluorescent display device is the plane grid type and includes, in place of mesh-like grids, plane grids of a three-layer structure comprising metal film sections, insulating layer sections and conductive layer sections.