Abstract: A receiver device receives a signal via a communication channel, the signal (i) having been transmitted by a transmitter device, and (ii) corresponding to a pseudorandom bit sequence (PRBS). The receiver device correlates the received signal with a known signal to generate a correlation signal. The known signal includes the PRBS. The receiver device identifies one or more characteristics of the correlation signal, and determines one or more parameters of the communication channel using the identified one or more characteristics of the correlation signal. The receiver device i) uses the one or more parameters corresponding to the communication channel to process subsequent signals received via the communication channel, and/or ii) communicates the one or more parameters to the transmitter device to prompt the transmitter device to preprocess subsequent signals to be transmitted via the communication channel by the transmitter device.

Abstract: A copolymer is prepared by the polymerization of monomers that include an ultraviolet absorbing monomer, and a base-solubility-enhancing monomer. The copolymer is useful for forming a topcoat layer for electron beam and extreme ultraviolet lithographies. Also described are a layered article including the topcoat layer, and an associated method of forming an electronic device.

Abstract: A copolymer is prepared by the polymerization of monomers that include an ultraviolet absorbing monomer, and a base-solubility-enhancing monomer. The copolymer is useful for forming a topcoat layer for electron beam and extreme ultraviolet lithographies. Also described are a layered article including the topcoat layer, and an associated method of forming an electronic device.

Abstract: A block copolymer useful in electron beam and extreme ultraviolet photolithography includes a first block with units derived from a base-solubility-enhancing monomer and an out-of-band absorbing monomer, and a second block having a low surface energy. Repeat units derived from the out-of-ban absorbing monomer allow the copolymer to absorb significantly in the wavelength range 150 to 400 nanometers. When incorporated into a photoresist composition with a photoresist random polymer, the block copolymer self-segregates to form a top layer that effectively screens out-of-band radiation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for searching a cartoon. The method includes: S1, receiving query information input by a user; S2, acquiring cartoon information related to the query information; and S3, providing a searching result page, and displaying the cartoon information in the searching result page in a preset form. With the method and apparatus provided by the present disclosure, the user may browse relevant cartoons through searching without needing to search and browse on the social network or click the natural result to enter a website for browsing, thereby better satisfying the user's cartoon searching requirement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a graphene-based LiFePO4/C composite material, to solve the problem of poor conductivity and rate performance of lithium iron phosphate cathode material. The main features of the present invention include the steps of: 1) preparing an iron salt solution having graphene oxide dispersed therein; 2) preparing a ferric phosphate/graphene oxide precursor; 3) preparing the graphene-based LiFePO4/C composite material. The beneficial effects of the method is that the process is simple, easy to control and the resulted graphene-based LiFePO4/C composite material has high specific capacity, good recycle performance and excellent rate capability is particularly suitable to the field of the power battery application.

Abstract: A block copolymer useful in electron beam and extreme ultraviolet photolithography includes a first block with units derived from a base-solubility-enhancing monomer and an out-of-band absorbing monomer, and a second block having a low surface energy. Repeat units derived from the out-of-ban absorbing monomer allow the copolymer to absorb significantly in the wavelength range 150 to 400 nanometers. When incorporated into a photoresist composition with a photoresist random polymer, the block copolymer self-segregates to form a top layer that effectively screens out-of-band radiation.

Abstract: A copolymer is prepared by the polymerization of monomers that include an ultraviolet absorbing monomer, and a base-solubility-enhancing monomer. The copolymer is useful for forming a topcoat layer for electron beam and extreme ultraviolet lithographies. Also described are a layered article including the topcoat layer, and an associated method of forming an electronic device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a graphene-based LiFePO4/C composite material, to solve the problem of poor conductivity and rate performance of lithium iron phosphate cathode material. The main features of the present invention include the steps of: 1) preparing an iron salt solution having graphene oxide dispersed therein; 2) preparing a ferric phosphate/graphene oxide precursor; 3) preparing the graphene-based LiFePO4/C composite material. The beneficial effects of the method is that the process is simple, easy to control and the resulted graphene-based LiFePO4/C composite material has high specific capacity, good recycle performance and excellent rate capability is particularly suitable to the field of the power battery application.

Abstract: A pseudo wire label reflector, based on a existing label distribution router, further includes: a mode management unit, for determining the mode for switching and transferring a pseudo wire label message; a first session management unit, for saving the support information that LDP signaling session connection supports the pseudo wire label reflecting capacity; a first pseudo wire label receiving unit, for receiving a pseudo wire label message; a first pseudo wire management unit, for saving the switched pseudo wire state and deciding whether to modify the pseudo wire label message according to the switch and transfer mode determined by the mode management unit; a first pseudo wire label sending unit, for sending the pseudo wire label message. The invention also provides an edge apparatus and a L2 VPN.

Abstract: A route diagnosis method which supports policy-based routing is applied in the network which includes a router supporting policy-based routing, which comprises: adding stream description information of service stream in diagnosis-protocol-message, and containing a router warning option in IP head of the said diagnosis-protocol-message; based on the router supporting policy-based routing receiving said diagnosis-protocol-message, routing according to said stream description information in the said diagnosis-protocol-message; said diagnosis-protocol-message is processed as standard diagnosis-protocol-message by the router which is independent of policy-based routing.

Abstract: A multicast-supported virtual local area network switching system and a method thereof comprise a switching engine, a CPU unit, further comprising a mapping storage unit for storing the mapping relationship of the virtual local area network and the multicast stream pushed to the switching system by it, and a switching table storage unit for storing the corresponding relation between ingress virtual local area network and egress virtual local area network; the switching engine receives the internet group management protocol message from the user virtual local area network and transmits the message to the CPU unit for processing, if it is Internet group management protocol join/leave message, the CPU unit looks up the mapping storage unit and forwards it in the looked-up multicast virtual local area network; the switching engine receives the Internet group management protocol messages or multicast data frames from the multicast virtual local area network and forwards them in the looked-up user virtual local are

Abstract: A pseudo wire label reflector, based on a existing label distribution router, further includes: a mode management unit, for determining the mode for switching and transferring a pseudo wire label message; a first session management unit, for saving the support information that LDP signaling session connection supports the pseudo wire label reflecting capacity; a first pseudo wire label receiving unit, for receiving a pseudo wire label message; a first pseudo wire management unit, for saving the switched pseudo wire state and deciding whether to modify the pseudo wire label message according to the switch and transfer mode determined by the mode management unit; a first pseudo wire label sending unit, for sending the pseudo wire label message. The invention also provides an edge apparatus and a L2 VPN.

Abstract: According to the method for preventing IP multicast data stream from overloading the communication system by distinguishing multiple services, when a multicast data packet ‘packet (key)’ with its key value being ‘key’ reaches the forwarding layer, if it doesn't find the matching multicast route entry or matching multicast forwarding entry, and it satisfies the requirement of multicast protocol Assert state machine, then it searches for current-limiting policy list L (type, key) according to the key, and applies the searched current-limiting policy to multicast forwarding and packet up-sending. If it finds the matching multicast route entry and the protocol requests sending the multicast data packet to the protocol processor, the new multicast forwarding entry P_M(key) is formed with the current-limiting policy of distinguishing the service type(key), and P_M(key) is used to forward and up-send. The above-mentioned three current-limiting types may be used separately or combined freely.

Abstract: A pseudo wire label reflector, based on a existing label distribution router, further includes: a mode management unit, for determining the mode for switching and transferring a pseudo wire label message; a first session management unit, for saving the support information that LDP signaling session connection supports the pseudo wire label reflecting capacity; a first pseudo wire label receiving unit, for receiving a pseudo wire label message; a first pseudo wire management unit, for saving the switched pseudo wire state and deciding whether to modify the pseudo wire label message according to the switch and transfer mode determined by the mode management unit; a first pseudo wire label sending unit, for sending the pseudo wire label message. The invention also provides an edge apparatus, a L2 VPN and a method for providing pseudo wire service in PSN.

Abstract: Photography is employed to objectively quantify opacity of fluids such as smoke plumes and dust via a method termed the Digital Optical Method (DOM™). The DOM™ quantifies the ratio of radiance values by means of a camera response curve obtained using objective measures. The radiance ratios are then used to calculate opacity of target fluids such as smoke plumes. The DOM™ quantifies opacity during both daytime and nighttime conditions with a much broader range of subject types, e.g., white, gray and black smoke plumes, and environmental conditions, e.g., non-blue-sky, building, and mountain backgrounds, than existing systems while not requiring human interpretation for any application. In one embodiment, the DOM™ quantifies opacity from digital photos using a pre-designed algorithm and an inexpensive digital camera. Very little training is needed to implement the DOM™ and it yields consistent objective quantitative results, while providing a permanent photographic record easily digitally archived.

Abstract: A pseudo wire label reflector, based on a existing label distribution router, further includes: a mode management unit, for determining the mode for switching and transferring a pseudo wire label message; a first session management unit, for saving the support information that LDP signaling session connection supports the pseudo wire label reflecting capacity; a first pseudo wire label receiving unit, for receiving a pseudo wire label message; a first pseudo wire management unit, for saving the switched pseudo wire state and deciding whether to modify the pseudo wire label message according to the switch and transfer mode determined by the mode management unit; a first pseudo wire label sending unit, for sending the pseudo wire label message. The invention also provides an edge apparatus, a L2 VPN and a method for providing pseudo wire service in PSN.

Abstract: A multicast-supported virtual local area network switching system and a method thereof comprise a switching engine (10), a CPU unit (20), further comprising a mapping storage unit (30) for storing the mapping relationship of the virtual local area network and the multicast stream pushed to the switching system by it, and a switching table storage unit (40) for storing the corresponding relation between ingress virtual local area network and egress virtual local area network; the switching engine (10) receives the internet group management protocol message from the user virtual local area network and transmits the message to the CPU unit (20) for processing, if it is Internet group management protocol join/leave message, the CPU unit (20) looks up the mapping storage unit (30) and forwards it in the looked-up multicast virtual local area network; the switching engine (10) receives the Internet group management protocol messages or multicast data frames from the multicast virtual local area network and forwards

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preventing IP multicast data stream from overloading the communication system by distinguishing multiple services. When a multicast data packet ‘packet (key)’ with its key value being ‘key’ reaches the forwarding layer, if it doesn't find the matching multicast route entry or matching multicast forwarding entry, and it satisfies the requirement of multicast protocol Assert state machine, then it searches for current-limiting policy list L (type, key) according to the key, and applies the searched current-limiting policy to multicast forwarding and packet up-sending. If it finds the matching multicast route entry and the protocol requests sending the multicast data packet to the protocol processor, the new multicast forwarding entry P_M(key) is formed with the current-limiting policy of distinguishing the service type(key), and P_M(key) is used to forward and up-send. The above-mentioned three current-limiting types may be used separately or combined freely.

Abstract: Photography is employed to objectively quantify opacity of fluids such as smoke plumes and dust via a method termed the Digital Optical Method (DOM™). The DOM™ quantifies the ratio of radiance values by means of a camera response curve obtained using objective measures. The radiance ratios are then used to calculate opacity of target fluids such as smoke plumes. The DOM™ quantifies opacity during both daytime and nighttime conditions with a much broader range of subject types, e.g., white, gray and black smoke plumes, and environmental conditions, e.g., non-blue-sky, building, and mountain backgrounds, than existing systems while not requiring human interpretation for any application. In one embodiment, the DOM™ quantifies opacity from digital photos using a pre-designed algorithm and an inexpensive digital camera. Very little training is needed to implement the DOM™ and it yields consistent objective quantitative results, while providing a permanent photographic record easily digitally archived.