Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods for a transmitter array for enhanced communication systems may be provided. According to an aspect a transmitter array may be provided. The transmitter array may include a plurality of equivalent transmitter units. Each equivalent transmitter unit may include an antenna and a QPSK modulator. Each equivalent transmitter unit may be selectively activatable. In some embodiments, upon activation of a set of equivalent transmitter units selected from the plurality of equivalent transmitter units, a desired modulated output signal is generated. According to another aspect, a method of generating a desired modulated output signal may be provided. The method may include receiving a plurality of local oscillator (LO) signals at a transmitter array. The method may further include selectively activating a set of equivalent transmitter units of the plurality of equivalent transmitter units to generate the desired modulated output signal.

Abstract: A film bulk acoustic resonator, including: a substrate; an acoustic reflection structure; a bottom electrode; a piezoelectric film; a top electrode; and a raised frame. A spatial region formed by overlapping of the acoustic reflection structure, the bottom electrode, and the piezoelectric film and the top electrode in a thickness direction of the film bulk acoustic resonator is a resonance region, in which the raised frame is arranged, and openings are formed at a side of the raised frame away from the top electrode. The film bulk acoustic resonator can reduce the area ratio of the raised frame in the resonance region and the intensity of the parasitic resonance peak introduced by the raised frame without reducing the Q value of the resonator and without increasing manufacturing process steps.

Abstract: A memory circuit comprises a signal buffer, a plurality of switch circuits, a temperature sensor, a path-length-compensation circuit and at least one data latch. The signal buffer is configured to receive a strobe signal. The plurality of switch circuits are coupled to the signal buffer through a plurality of signal paths respectively, wherein the lengths of the plurality of signal paths are equal. The temperature sensor is coupled to the plurality of switch circuits and configured to conduct one of the plurality of switch circuits according to temperature of the memory circuit. The path-length-compensation circuit comprises a plurality of input terminals connected in series, which are configured to respectively receive outputs of the plurality of switch circuits. The at least one data latch is coupled to an output terminal of the path-length-compensation circuit and configured to store or output data according to output of the path-length-compensation circuit.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for wireless communication using a matrix of reconfigurable cells is provided. Each cell has an antenna or antenna port and is reconfigurable to operate as a transmitter, receiver, angle-of-arrival detector or power harvester. Cells can be allocated to different tasks as needed. A reference frequency signal is distributed to each cell, with an in-phase version of the signal being delivered to a first subset of cells, and a quadrature version of the signal being delivered to a second subset of cells. The first and second subsets may be interleaved for example in a checkerboard pattern. Cells cooperate in pairs for transmission or reception of quadrature amplitude modulated signals. Groups of four cells may cooperate for angle of arrival detection. The cells may be configured as interferometric transmitter/receiver cells using 90 degree hybrid couplers and power detectors.

Abstract: An interferometric receiver includes first and second antennas, each antenna being for receiving modulated microwave and terahertz signals; a first power detector for receiving a reference microwave signal and the modulated microwave signal received at the first antenna, a second power detector for receiving a phase-shifted reference microwave signal and the modulated microwave signal received at the second antenna, a third power detector for receiving a reference terahertz signal and the modulated terahertz signal received at the second antenna, and a fourth power detector for receiving a phase-shifted reference terahertz signal and the modulated terahertz signal received at the first antenna, each power detector being configured to down-convert the modulated microwave or terahertz signal received at the power detector; and circuitry configured to determine a quadrature component and an in-phase component of each of the down-converted microwave signal and the modulated terahertz signal.

Abstract: A module for modulation and demodulation using two substantially identical self-oscillating mixers (SOMs) injection-locked at a coupling frequency, providing a simple compact, low power, highly efficient receiver, transmitter or transceiver. The module suitable for quadrature amplitude-modulation where the coupling frequency is the second harmonic frequency of the SOMs and the SOMs oscillate 180 degrees out of phase relative to one another. Use of carrier frequencies at a fundamental harmonic frequency or odd multiples thereof provide high isolation between the SOMs at the carrier frequency. A method for modulation and demodulation includes injection-locking the two SOMs at a coupling frequency.

Abstract: A device includes one or more controllers and multiple spatially distributed receivers. Each receiver is controllable by the one or more controllers between an activated state in which the receiver is operable to detect an incoming signal, and a deactivated state in which the receiver is not operable to detect the incoming signal. At least a first receiver and a second receiver of the receivers, each in the activated state, are configured to demodulate the incoming signal by: demodulating with the first receiver an in-phase component of the incoming signal; and demodulating with the second receiver a quadrature component of the incoming signal.

Abstract: A device for generating a radio frequency (RF) beam includes an array of independent unit cells. Each unit cell includes RF sources configured to generate terahertz (THz) signals, and antennas coupled to the RF sources for transmitting THz waves based on the THz signals. The device further includes switches configured to selectively bias each unit cell between an activated state in which the antennas of the unit cell are operable to transmit the THz waves, and a deactivated state in which the antennas of the unit cell are prevented from transmitting the THz waves. The device further includes circuitry configured to control the switches to generate the RF beam based on the THz waves transmitted by the antennas of each unit cell in the activated state.

Abstract: A waveguide coupler with integrated polarization is a module including one or more H-plane ports, two or more E-plane ports and a coupling element for transforming between H-plane port and E-plane ports. The coupling element including two or more coupling sections having a cavity and symmetrical about a symmetry plane. One or more of the symmetrical coupling sections having two or more grooves along a common side and at least one symmetrical coupling section having obstructions that may partially overlap with the two or more grooves. The grooves and obstructions are symmetrical about the symmetry plane. In an embodiment, the module is a four-port waveguide coupler having two H-plane port and two E-plane ports. In an embodiment, the ports are offset relative to the symmetry plan by forty-five degrees forming a cruciform waveguide coupler.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides modules, systems and methods for a cooperative radar-communication (RadCom) wherein transmitters, receivers, and/or transceivers alternate between radar and radio communications in time slots using methods such as time division multiplexing (TDMA), wherein receivers and/or transceivers may be interferometric and the interferometric receivers and/or transceivers may also use balanced detection in radar and communication modes for providing modules, systems and methods requiring a lower dynamic range resulting in increased performance and lower power consumption requirements. An embodiment of the present disclosure relates to modules, systems and methods for radar using transmitters, receivers, transceivers, and/or radio using interferometric receivers and/or transceivers using balanced detection.

Abstract: The present invention provides a piezoelectric film acoustic resonator, which comprises a substrate, a first electrode disposed over the substrate, a piezoelectric film disposed over the substrate and covering at least a portion of the first electrode and a second electrode disposed on a surface of the piezoelectric film away from the first electrode, one end of the first electrode extends in the direction away from the piezoelectric film to form a first extended pad, one end of the second electrode extends in the direction away from the first extended pad to form a second extended pad, the first extended pad comprises a first protruding reflection grating on the surface away from the substrate, the second extended pad comprises a second protruding reflection grating on the surface away from the substrate. The configuration can reduce the impact on acoustic performance while improving the quality factor.

Abstract: A memory circuit comprises a signal buffer, a plurality of switch circuits, a temperature sensor, a path-length-compensation circuit and at least one data latch. The signal buffer is configured to receive a strobe signal. The plurality of switch circuits are coupled to the signal buffer through a plurality of signal paths respectively, wherein the lengths of the plurality of signal paths are equal. The temperature sensor is coupled to the plurality of switch circuits and configured to conduct one of the plurality of switch circuits according to temperature of the memory circuit. The path-length-compensation circuit comprises a plurality of input terminals connected in series, which are configured to respectively receive outputs of the plurality of switch circuits. The at least one data latch is coupled to an output terminal of the path-length-compensation circuit and configured to store or output data according to output of the path-length-compensation circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a piezoelectric resonator comprising a substrate having an acoustic reflection mirror, a bottom electrode stacked on the substrate, a piezoelectric layer disposed on the substrate and covering the bottom electrode, and a top electrode stacked on a surface of piezoelectric layer distal to the bottom electrode. An overlapping portion of the acoustic reflection mirror, the bottom electrode, the piezoelectric layer, and the top electrode along a thickness direction of the piezoelectric resonator is a resonance region. A sidewall of the top electrode or a bottom electrode recesses to form a recessing portion. The recessing portion does not extend to an upper surface or a lower surface of the top electrode or the bottom electrode.

Abstract: The present application provides a film bulk acoustic resonator, including a substrate, an acoustic reflection structure arranged on one side of the substrate, a bottom electrode stacked on one side of the acoustic reflection structure, a piezoelectric film covered on the bottom electrode and a top electrode stacked on a side of the piezoelectric film away from the bottom electrode. An interdigital protrusion frame is provided on a side of the top electrode away from the piezoelectric film, and the interdigital protrusion frame includes a first protrusion frame and a second protrusion frame arranged at intervals. The first protrusion frame and the second protrusion frame respectively extend toward each other and overlap each other to form at least a pair of interdigital structures, and each of the interdigital structures includes two forks spaced apart by a preset distance along an overlapping direction.

Abstract: A method for determining a centerline of a blood vessel in an image associated with a subject is provided. The method includes obtaining a centerline model used for identifying a centerline of a blood vessel and identifying the centerline of the blood vessel based on the centerline model.

Abstract: A full-duplex transceiver includes a dual-polarized antenna, a dual-mode waveguide circulator, and at least a receiver port and a transmitter port. The dual-polarized antenna is configured to transmit first electromagnetic waves polarized by the dual-polarized antenna according to a first polarization, and receive second electromagnetic waves polarized according to a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization. In response to electromagnetic waves being received at the transmitter port, the waveguide circulator guides a TE10 mode of the electromagnetic waves to the antenna for coupling the TE10 mode of the electromagnetic waves to the antenna and polarizing the electromagnetic waves according to the first polarization to form the first electromagnetic waves. In response to the second electromagnetic waves being received at the antenna, the waveguide circulator couples a TE20 mode of the second electromagnetic waves and guides the TE20 mode of the second electromagnetic waves to the receiver port.

Abstract: A module has a transmitter (Tx) antenna and a receiver (Rx) antenna. At least one of the Tx and Rx antennas has a leaky-wave antenna (LWA) array for transmitting or receiving one or more signal beams with a range resolution and an angle resolution. The LWA array has a plurality of LWAs configured as a filter bank. By using the filter bank based LWAs, the LWA array may coherently stitch or combine the individual spectrums of the LWAs to have a wide frequency-space coverage for providing improved range and/or angle resolutions.

Abstract: A superhydrophobic self-luminous concrete material for 3D printing and a method for preparing the same, belonging to the field of building materials. The superhydrophobic self-luminous concrete includes: cement: 1000-1500 parts; quartz sand: 1000-1300 parts; silica fume: 50-100 parts; water: 300-400 parts; water reducing agent: 8-12 parts; cellulose ether: 1-2 parts; defoamer: 2-3 parts; fiber: 4-8 parts; luminous powder: 75-85 parts; reflective powder: 30-45 parts; metakaolin: 15-25 parts; metal filler: 0.015-0.040 parts; and a superhydrophobic coating. By combining 3D printing with the superhydrophobic self-luminous concrete material, the characteristics of energy saving, environment friendliness, high efficiency and low consumption of the 3D printing are highlighted, and the superhydrophobic self-luminous concrete material can be utilized to efficiently prepare fine and special-shaped components.

Abstract: A system for wireless power transfer (WPT) is described. The WPT system may be used for charging of electric vehicles or other mobile platforms. The WPT system includes a gap waveguide base including a conductive waveguiding structure and a bandgap structure along at least the lateral sides of the waveguiding structure. The WPT system also includes a charging plate separate from the gap waveguide base. The charging plate includes a conductive plate having a receiving structure for receiving the electromagnetic field from the gap waveguide base through an air gap. The disclosed WPT system enables propagation of an electromagnetic field through the air gap, including electromagnetic fields in the very high frequency (VHF) band.