Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an overlay mark, an overlay marking method and an overlay measuring method. The overlay marking method includes at least: preparing a first material layer; preparing a first mark group on the first material layer, and the first mark group is a centrally symmetrical pattern; preparing a second material layer on the first material layer; preparing a second mark group corresponding to the first mark group on the second material layer, and the second mark group is a centrally symmetrical pattern; centers of symmetry of the second mark group and the first mark group are located on the same vertical line; preparing a third material layer on the second material layer; preparing a third mark group corresponding to the first mark group and the second mark group on the third material layer, and the third mark group is a centrally symmetrical pattern.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device is provided. The ESD protection device includes a first ESD protection unit in a P-type semiconductor substrate to protect a first circuit. The first ESD protection unit includes first and second N-type and P-type well regions. The first N-type and P-type doped regions are in the first N-type well region. The second N-type and P-type doped regions are in the first P-type and second N-type well regions. The third N-type and P-type doped regions are in the second P-type well region. The first P-type and the third N-type doped regions are electrically connected to a common bus electrically connected to power supply and ground terminals of the first circuit. The first N-type and the second P-type doped regions are electrically connected to the power supply terminal. The second N-type and the third P-type doped regions are electrically connected to the ground terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a three-dimensional (3D) continuously scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (CSLDV) system that contains three laser heads with two scan mirrors for each head and a controller, to conduct full-field scanning of a plate-like or beam-like structure under sinusoidal excitations to measure its 3D vibrations and operating deflection shapes, and method of using same.

Abstract: 3D continuously scanning laser vibrometer (CSLV) systems and methods for determining operating deflection shapes (ODSs) and mode shapes based on measured 3D vibrations of curved structure surfaces are disclosed. According to an aspect, a system includes first, second, and third laser heads with mirrors configured to be positioned for scanning a curved surface of a structure. The system includes a profile scanner configured to determine a 3D scan trajectory for the curved surface of a structure. Further, the system includes a computing device that controls the first, second, and third laser heads to scan the curved surface of the structure based on the determined 3D scan trajectory. Further, the computing device is configured to measure the 3D vibrations of the curved surface of the structure, and to determine operating deflection shapes and mode shapes of the structure based on the measured 3D vibrations of the curved surface of the structure.

Abstract: 3D continuously scanning laser vibrometer (CSLV) systems and methods for determining operating deflection shapes (ODSs) of a structure with multiple sides are disclosed. A system includes laser heads configured to be positioned for scanning one or more first sides of a structure within a field-of-view (FOV) of the laser heads. The system also includes a mirror positioned for reflection for enabling the laser heads to scan one or more second sides of the structure beyond the FOVs of the laser heads. The computing device controls the laser heads to scan the first side(s) of the structure. The computing device controls the laser heads to point towards the mirror for scanning the at second side(s) of the structure. The computing device is also configured to determine ODSs of the structure based on measured 3D vibrations of the first side(s) of the structure and the second side(s) of the structure.

Abstract: An electric valve and a thermal management system. The electric valve comprises a pressure sensing unit. The pressure sensing unit is connected to a valve seat, and the pressure sensing unit can sense the pressure characteristics of a working medium in a detection flow channel) and form a piezoelectric signal. An electric control portion comprises an electric control board. The piezoelectric signal forms, by means of a conditioning circuit, an electrical signal corresponding to a pressure. The electrical signal is used as a part for generating a signal for controlling a driving portion.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection device is provided. The electrostatic discharge protection device includes first and second N-type deep well (DNW) regions in a P-type semiconductor substrate, first to fourth N-type and P-type doped regions, and first and second P-type well (PW) regions. The first N-type and P-type doped regions and the first PW region are located in the first DNW region. The second N-type and P-type doped regions and the second PW region are located in the second DNW region. The third and fourth N-type and P-type doped regions are located in the first and second PW regions. The first P-type and fourth N-type doped regions are connected to an input/output terminal. The first N-type and second P-type doped regions are connected to a power supply terminal. The third N-type and the fourth P-type doped regions are connected to a ground terminal.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection device is provided. The electrostatic discharge protection device includes first and second N-type and P-type and third P-type doped regions in the first and second N-type well regions in a P-type semiconductor substrate. First and second P-type well regions are in the first N-type well region. Third N-type, fourth P-type and N-type and fifth P-type doped regions are in the first and second P-type well regions. Fifth N-type and sixth P-type doped regions are in the third P-type well region in the second N-type well region. The first and second N-type doped regions are directly electrically connected to the fifth and sixth P-type doped regions, respectively. The first P-type and fifth N-type, the second P-type and third N-type, and the third P-type doped region and the fourth N-type and P-type doped regions are electrically connected to input/output, power supply and ground terminals.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and a method for detecting a centroid of a complementary single pixel. The system includes a lens group, a single-pixel detector assembly, a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) and an acquisition and processing unit. The acquisition and processing unit generates two-dimensional modulation matrices A and B which are loaded into the DMD; the lens group processes light reflected or transmitted from a target object, such that an image of the target object is imaged on the DMD; and the acquisition and processing unit is connected with data output ends of two single-pixel detectors in respective, to calculate the centroid of the target object. The DMD modulates an image signal of the target object according to modulation information A and B; the single-pixel detector assembly includes a first single-pixel detector and a second single-pixel detector.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and a method for detecting a centroid of a complementary single pixel. The system includes a lens group, a single-pixel detector assembly, a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) and an acquisition and processing unit. The acquisition and processing unit generates two-dimensional modulation matrices A and B which are loaded into the DMD; the lens group processes light reflected or transmitted from a target object, such that an image of the target object is imaged on the DMD; and the acquisition and processing unit is connected with data output ends of two single-pixel detectors in respective, to calculate the centroid of the target object. The DMID modulates an image signal of the target object according to modulation information A and B; the single-pixel detector assembly includes a first single-pixel detector and a second single-pixel detector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a three-dimensional (3D) continuously scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (CSLDV) system that contains three laser heads with two scan mirrors for each head and a controller, to conduct full-field scanning of a plate-like or beam-like structure under sinusoidal excitations to measure its 3D vibrations and operating deflection shapes, and method of using same.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a soft start circuit and a power supply circuit. The soft start circuit is disposed between a negative electrode of a direct current bus capacitor and a negative terminal of a direct current power supply, so as to control, after a start begins, according to the current input by the direct current bus capacitor in a constant current module, whether to electrically connect the direct current power supply and the direct current bus capacitor; one end of the soft start circuit is further connected to a filtering protection module, so as to control, at the beginning of the start, according to the voltage output by the filtering protection module, the direct current power supply to be electrically connected to the direct current bus capacitor.

Abstract: An electric valve and a thermal management system. The electric valve comprises a pressure sensing unit. The pressure sensing unit is connected to a valve seat, and the pressure sensing unit can sense the pressure characteristics of a working medium in a detection flow channel) and form a piezoelectric signal. An electric control portion comprises an electric control board. The piezoelectric signal forms, by means of a conditioning circuit, an electrical signal corresponding to a pressure. The electrical signal is used as a part for generating a signal for controlling a driving portion.

Abstract: A centroid detection method based on a single-pixel detector, including: S1: establishing a photoelectric detection and acquisition system, and generating three two-dimensional (2D) array matrices A, B and C; S2: generating, by letting element value of each column in the matrix A be the corresponding serial number of the column, element value of each row in the matrix B be the corresponding serial number of the row, and element value of the matrix C be 1, 2D modulation information having distribution of the matrices A, B and C; S3: modulating illumination light according to the mode of the 2D modulation information and projecting the illumination light to a target object or modulating, according to the mode of the 2D modulation information, an image formed by the target object; and S4: acquiring intensity value of target reflected light to obtain position parameter of the target centroid.

Abstract: A method for improving fatigue resistance performance of a locomotive rubber-metal pad and the locomotive rubber-metal pad improve the fatigue resistance performance of the rubber-metal pad and prevent rubber and metal from being torn during running by changing a structure of the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad and adjusting a shape and position relationship between the rubber and the metal. The shape and position relationship between the rubber and the metal is adjusted by adjusting thickness of a rubber layer between the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad so that the rubber layer has variable thickness. A rubber layer diameter of each layer is a variable diameter by adjusting a size of the rubber layer diameter between the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an overlay mark, an overlay marking method and an overlay measuring method. The overlay marking method includes at least: preparing a first material layer; preparing a first mark group on the first material layer, and the first mark group is a centrally symmetrical pattern; preparing a second material layer on the first material layer; preparing a second mark group corresponding to the first mark group on the second material layer, and the second mark group is a centrally symmetrical pattern; centers of symmetry of the second mark group and the first mark group are located on the same vertical line; preparing a third material layer on the second material layer; preparing a third mark group corresponding to the first mark group and the second mark group on the third material layer, and the third mark group is a centrally symmetrical pattern.

Abstract: A method for improving fatigue resistance performance of a locomotive rubber-metal pad and the locomotive rubber-metal pad improve the fatigue resistance performance of the rubber-metal pad and prevent rubber and metal from being torn during running by changing a structure of the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad and adjusting a shape and position relationship between the rubber and the metal. The shape and position relationship between the rubber and the metal is adjusted by adjusting thickness of a rubber layer between the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad so that the rubber layer has variable thickness. A rubber layer diameter of each layer is a variable diameter by adjusting a size of the rubber layer diameter between the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad.

Abstract: A method for improving fatigue resistance performance of a locomotive rubber-metal pad with variable thickness improves the fatigue resistance performance of the rubber-metal pad and prevents rubber and metal from being torn during running by changing a structure of the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad and adjusting a shape and position relationship between the rubber and the metal. The shape and the position relationship of the rubber metal is adjusted by adjusting thickness of a rubber layer between the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad so that the rubber layer has variable thickness. The fatigue resistance performance of the rubber-metal pad is improved by adjusting the thickness of the rubber layer.

Abstract: A method for improving fatigue resistance performance of a locomotive rubber-metal pad with variable diameter and a locomotive rubber-metal pad, which improves the fatigue resistance performance of the rubber-metal pad and prevents rubber and metal from being torn during running by changing a structure of the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad and adjusting a shape and position relationship between the rubber and the metal. The shape and position relationship between the rubber and the metal is adjusted by adjusting a size of a rubber layer diameter between the rubber and the metal of the rubber-metal pad so that the rubber layer diameter of each layer is a variable diameter; and the fatigue resistance performance of the rubber-metal pad is improved by adjusting diameter of rubber layers.