Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a latent image bearer to bear a plurality of halftone images having a same image density and a high-density image located one cycle downstream of the latent image bearer from at least one of the plurality of halftone images, a transferor to apply a predetermined transfer voltage to transfer the plurality of halftone images and the high-density image, a transfer electric field forming target to bear the plurality of halftone images and the high-density image transferred from the latent image bearer, a detector to detect image densities of the plurality of halftone images on the transfer electric field forming target, and a controller to determine a primary transfer voltage applied at a time of image formation, based on image density variations of the plurality of halftone images detected by the detector.

Abstract: There is provided a vehicle body frame of a straddle-type vehicle. A tank rail extends rearward from a head pipe at an upper side of a power unit. A body frame has a pair of side frame parts extending downward from a rear end side of the tank rail, an upper coupling part couples upper parts of the side frame parts, and a lower coupling part couples lower parts of the pair of side frame parts. Front and rear mount parts support the power unit. Swing arm support parts are provided in the side frame parts. A link member connecting part connects a link member configured to couple the swing arm and a rear cushion each other. The rear mount part is formed at a front part of the lower coupling part, and the link member connecting part is formed at a rear part of the lower coupling part.

Abstract: A drawing device according to an embodiment includes: a stage configured to be capable of having a processing target mounted thereon; an aperture member including a plurality of apertures corresponding to a plurality of beams irradiated to the processing target; a data generator configured to generate gradation data indicating irradiation time data with n bits (n is a positive integer) with respect to positions of respective coordinates of the beams; a calculator configured to perform a logical addition operation of the gradation data of the respective positions of the coordinates; and a controller configured to control the aperture member based on the gradation data and a result of the logical addition operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of diagnosing a conversion process for converting a format of image data including unit data corresponding to charged particle beams into a format suitable for an aperture array, the aperture array having a plurality of controllers provided to match a plurality of the charged particle beams to control the charged particle beams, and a driver configured to drive the controllers. The method includes: extracting the unit data having an identical first rank based on an arrangement of the unit data in the image data from the unit data of each block including a predetermined number of the unit data and calculating a first checksum of each of the first rank; extracting the unit data having an identical second rank after the conversion process from the unit data of each block and calculating a second checksum of each of the second rank; and comparing the first and second checksums.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a latent image bearer to bear a plurality of halftone images having a same image density and a high-density image located one cycle downstream of the latent image bearer from at least one of the plurality of halftone images, a transferor to apply a predetermined transfer voltage to transfer the plurality of halftone images and the high-density image, a transfer electric field forming target to bear the plurality of halftone images and the high-density image transferred from the latent image bearer, a detector to detect image densities of the plurality of halftone images on the transfer electric field forming target, and a controller to determine a primary transfer voltage applied at a time of image formation, based on image density variations of the plurality of halftone images detected by the detector.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, in a multi-charged particle beam writing apparatus, a blanking plate includes a plurality of first buffers connected in series, second buffers in a plurality of stages connected in series between the first buffer and a blanker, and an error detection processing circuitry performing error detection on data stored in the first buffer and the second buffers. The blanking control data transfers to the corresponding blanker via the first buffer and the second buffers. In a case where the error detection processing circuitry detects an error, the control processing circuitry retransmits the blanking control data to the blanking plate with regard to a shot having the error detected therein and a shot which comes, in a shot order, after the shot having the error detected therein.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a multi charged particle beam writing apparatus includes a blanking plate including a plurality of blankers, bitmap generation processing circuitry generating bitmap data for each writing pass of multi-pass writing, the bitmap data specifying irradiation time periods for a plurality of irradiation positions, a plurality of dose correction units configured to receive bitmap subdata items obtained by dividing the bitmap data from the bitmap generation processing circuitry, and correct the irradiation time periods to generate a plurality of dose data items corresponding to respective processing ranges, and data transfer processing circuitry transferring the plurality of dose data items to the blanking plate through a plurality of signal line groups. Each of the signal line groups corresponds to the blankers located in a predetermined region of the blanking plate.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle speed-change system including the following: a transmission positioned to the rear of a crank shaft of an engine; a transmission case that retains the transmission; a shift mechanism that has a shift cam which performs a speed-change operation of the transmission; and a shift actuator that operates the shift cam. The transmission includes a counter shaft positioned to the rear of the crank shaft, and a drive shaft to which rotation of the counter shaft is transmitted. The shift cam is positioned further to the rear than the counter shaft, and the shift actuator is arranged in a rear portion of the transmission case and to the rear of the shift cam.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle speed-change system including the following: a transmission; a transmission case that retains the transmission; a shift mechanism that performs a speed-change operation of the transmission; and a shift actuator that operates the shift mechanism. The shift actuator includes the following: a motor; a transmission mechanism that transmits rotation of the motor; and an actuator output shaft that outputs motive power transmitted by the transmission mechanism. The shift actuator is fixed to a side surface of the transmission case, and is arranged such that at least a portion of the motor overlaps the shift mechanism in a side surface view of the vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of diagnosing a conversion process for converting a format of image data including unit data corresponding to charged particle beams into a format suitable for an aperture array, the aperture array having a plurality of controllers provided to match a plurality of the charged particle beams to control the charged particle beams, and a driver configured to drive the controllers. The method includes: extracting the unit data having an identical first rank based on an arrangement of the unit data in the image data from the unit data of each block including a predetermined number of the unit data and calculating a first checksum of each of the first rank; extracting the unit data having an identical second rank after the conversion process from the unit data of each block and calculating a second checksum of each of the second rank; and comparing the first and second checksums.

Abstract: A motorcycle is provided with an engine unit having a crankcase and a cylinder assembly protruding diagonally frontward and upward from the crankcase. An air cleaner box has a rearward-descending shape extending from the upper side to the rear side of the cylinder assembly as seen in a side view to form a vertically elongating box shape. The air cleaner box is disposed between left and right frames of a chassis, and both side surfaces of the air cleaner box are separated from the chassis. The air cleaner box has a frontward-narrowing and rearward-narrowing width as seen in a top view. As a result, it is possible to obtain a sufficient box capacity and facilitate a compact design. In addition, it is possible to smoothly flow an air stream in the lateral sides of the air cleaner box.

Abstract: A vehicle conspicuity/signaling system includes a projector configured to project a light pattern onto a road surface, a speed/acceleration detection unit configured to detect a vehicle speed and an acceleration, a bank angle detection unit configured to detect a bank angle, a chassis behavior detection unit configured to detect a behavior of a chassis, and a projector control unit configured to change a projection status of the light pattern projected from the projector on the basis of the detection results of these detection units.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, in a multi-charged particle beam writing apparatus, a blanking plate includes a plurality of first buffers connected in series, second buffers in a plurality of stages connected in series between the first buffer and a blanker, and an error detection processing circuitry performing error detection on data stored in the first buffer and the second buffers. The blanking control data transfers to the corresponding blanker via the first buffer and the second buffers. In a case where the error detection processing circuitry detects an error, the control processing circuitry retransmits the blanking control data to the blanking plate with regard to a shot having the error detected therein and a shot which comes, in a shot order, after the shot having the error detected therein.

Abstract: One or more throttle bodies and a surge tank are disposed behind a cylinder head, and an intercooler is disposed by being adjacent to the surge tank at a position behind the cylinder head and the one or more throttle bodies. A supercharger is provided in front of the intercooler.

Abstract: A method for simultaneously producing carbon nanotubes and hydrogen according to the present invention is a method for simultaneously producing carbon nanotubes and hydrogen, in which using a carbon source containing carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms and being decomposed in a heated state, and a catalyst for producing carbon nanotubes and H2 from the carbon source, the above carbon nanotubes are synthesized on a support in a heated state, placed in a reactor, and simultaneously, the above H2 is synthesized from the above carbon source, the method comprising a synthesis step of flowing a source gas comprising the above carbon source over the above support, on which the above catalyst is supported, to synthesize the above carbon nanotubes on the above support and simultaneously synthesize the above H2 in a gas flow.

Abstract: A toner container includes a substantially tetrahedral toner-containing portion having an openable edge to discharge toner contained in the toner-containing portion, and a reference fold along which the toner container is foldable after the openable edge is opened. The reference fold extends from the openable edge and is provided on medians of two triangular faces of the toner-containing portion adjoining each other along the openable edge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing carbon nanotubes, comprising a synthesis step of synthesizing carbon nanotubes on a support on which a catalyst is supported by flowing a source gas consisting of acetylene, carbon dioxide, and an inert gas over the support, wherein in the source gas, a partial pressure of the acetylene is 1.33×101 to 1.33×104 Pa, a partial pressure of the carbon dioxide is 1.33×101 to 1.33×104 Pa, and a partial pressure ratio of the acetylene to the carbon dioxide (acetylene/carbon dioxide) is in the range of 0.1 to 10.

Abstract: The method for producing carbon nanotubes employs a carbon source that contains carbon and is decomposed when heated and a catalyst on a support that serves as a catalyst for production of carbon nanotubes from the carbon source. The method includes a catalyst loading step in which the catalyst starting material is distributed over the support to load the catalyst onto the support, a synthesis step in which the carbon nanotubes are synthesized on the support, and a separating step in which a separating gas stream is distributed over the support to separate the carbon nanotubes from the support, wherein the catalyst loading step, the synthesis step and the separating step are carried out while keeping the support in a heated state and switching supply of the catalyst starting material, the carbon source and the separating gas stream.

Abstract: A method for simultaneously producing carbon nanotubes and hydrogen according to the present invention is a method for simultaneously producing carbon nanotubes and hydrogen, in which using a carbon source containing carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms and being decomposed in a heated state, and a catalyst for producing carbon nanotubes and H2 from the carbon source, the above carbon nanotubes are synthesized on a support in a heated state, placed in a reactor, and simultaneously, the above H2 is synthesized from the above carbon source, the method comprising a synthesis step of flowing a source gas comprising the above carbon source over the above support, on which the above catalyst is supported, to synthesize the above carbon nanotubes on the above support and simultaneously synthesize the above H2 in a gas flow.

Abstract: One or more throttle bodies and a surge tank are disposed behind a cylinder head, and an intercooler is disposed by being adjacent to the surge tank at a position behind the cylinder head and the one or more throttle bodies. A supercharger is provided in front of the intercooler.