Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a method that can produce an oxidation reaction product of a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof in an aqueous phase using a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof as a raw material. In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing an oxidation reaction product of a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof of the present invention includes the step of: irradiating a reaction system with light in a presence of a raw material and a halogen oxide radical to react, wherein the raw material is a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof, the reaction system is a reaction system containing an aqueous phase, the aqueous phase contains the raw material and the halogen oxide radical, and in the reaction step, the raw material is oxidized to produce an oxidation reaction product of the raw material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a graphene grid that can suppress or prevent uneven distribution, uneven orientation, and the like of a structural analysis target substance, and can capture the structural analysis target substance with high efficiency and analyze the structural analysis target substance with high resolution, in a structural analysis by cryo-electron microscopy. A graphene grid of the present invention has a graphene surface into which a functional group is introduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method by which polymers can be modified. The present invention provides a method for modifying a polymer including the step of: irradiating a reaction system containing a polymer with light to react the reaction system in a presence of a compound radical, wherein the compound radical is a radical containing one element selected from the group consisting of Group 15 elements and Group 16 elements, and a Group 17 element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a substance with a modified carbon allotrope surface that can suppress or prevent uneven distribution, uneven orientation, and the like of a structural analysis target substance in a structural analysis by cryo-electron microscopy. A method for producing a substance with a modified carbon allotrope surface of the present invention includes: the step of surface-treating by reacting a carbon allotrope surface with a halogen oxide radical, wherein the carbon allotrope surface is modified by the surface-treating.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for modifying a polymer molded body and binding a target molecule. The method for selectively binding a target molecule to a polymer molded body of the present invention includes: a pretreatment step of irradiating a selected surface of a polymer molded body with light in the presence of a compound radical; and a binding step of reacting a target molecule with the polymer molded body after the pretreatments to bind the target molecule to the selected surface of the polymer molded body, wherein the compound radical is a radical containing one element selected from the group consisting of Group 15 elements and Group 16 elements, and a Group 17 element.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a method that can produce an oxidation reaction product of a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof in an aqueous phase using a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof as a raw material. In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing an oxidation reaction product of a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof of the present invention includes the step of: irradiating a reaction system with light in a presence of a raw material and a halogen oxide radical to react, wherein the raw material is a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof, the reaction system is a reaction system containing an aqueous phase, the aqueous phase contains the raw material and the halogen oxide radical, and in the reaction step, the raw material is oxidized to produce an oxidation reaction product of the raw material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for producing a lens to be fitted to an eye in a simple manner at a low cost. In order to achieve the aforementioned object, the present invention provides a method for producing a lens to be fitted to an eye, including the step of: hydrophilizing a surface of a polymer lens by reacting with a compound radical, wherein the compound radical is a radical containing one element selected from the group consisting of Group 15 elements and Group 16 elements, and a Group 17 element.

Abstract: To provide a surface-treated polymer production method which can be performed in a simplified manner and at low cost. In order to achieve the aforementioned object, the surface-treated polymer production method according to the present invention include: reacting a surface of a polymer with a halogen oxide radical to surface-treat the polymer, and in the surface-treating, a reaction system is not irradiated with light.

Abstract: To provide a treated polymer production method which can be performed in a simplified manner and at low cost. In order to achieve the object, the treated polymer production method according to the present invention includes: reacting a surface of a polymer with a halogen oxide radical to surface-treat the polymer. The treated polymer is a metal-plated polymer, and the method further includes plating, with a metal, the surface of the polymer after the surface-treating, or the treated polymer is an adhesion laminate of the polymer and an adherend, and the method further includes adhering the adherend to the surface of the polymer after the surface-treating.

Abstract: The first aspect of the present invention is intended to provide a method for producing an oxidation reaction product of the hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof efficiently using hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof as a raw material. In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing an oxidation reaction product of a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof. The method includes the step of irradiating a reaction system with light in the presence of a raw material and a chlorine dioxide radical. The raw material is hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof, the reaction system is a reaction system containing an organic phase, and the organic phase contains the raw material and the chlorine dioxide radical. In the step of irradiating a reaction system with light, the raw material is oxidized by the light irradiation to generate an oxidation reaction product of the raw material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for modifying a polymer molded body and binding a target molecule. The method for selectively binding a target molecule to a polymer molded body of the present invention includes: a pretreatment step of irradiating a selected surface of a polymer molded body with light in the presence of a compound radical; and a binding step of reacting a target molecule with the polymer molded body after the pretreatments to bind the target molecule to the selected surface of the polymer molded body, wherein the compound radical is a radical containing one element selected from the group consisting of Group 15 elements and Group 16 elements, and a Group 17 element.

Abstract: The first aspect of the present invention is intended to provide a method for producing an oxidation reaction product of the hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof efficiently using hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof as a raw material. In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing an oxidation reaction product of a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof. The method includes the step of irradiating a reaction system with light in the presence of a raw material and a chlorine dioxide radical. The raw material is hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof, the reaction system is a reaction system containing an organic phase, and the organic phase contains the raw material and the chlorine dioxide radical. In the step of irradiating a reaction system with light, the raw material is oxidized by the light irradiation to generate an oxidation reaction product of the raw material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method by which polymers can be modified. The present invention provides a method for modifying a polymer including the step of: irradiating a reaction system containing a polymer with light to react the reaction system in a presence of a compound radical, wherein the compound radical is a radical containing one element selected from the group consisting of Group 15 elements and Group 16 elements, and a Group 17 element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an oxidation reaction product of an aromatic compound, having excellent environmental load reduction performance, cost reduction performance, etc. Provided is a process for producing an oxidation reaction product of a raw material aromatic compound by reacting the raw material aromatic compound with an oxidizing agent. The process further uses an electron donor-acceptor linked molecule. The process includes the step of: reacting the electron donor-acceptor linked molecule in an electron-transfer state, the oxidizing agent, and the raw material aromatic compound, thereby generating an oxidation reaction product resulting from oxidation of the raw material aromatic compound.

Abstract: An electron donor-acceptor dyad is provided that can provide a charge-separated state with longevity and not only high oxidizing power but also high reducing power. A compound of the present invention is a quinolinium ion derivative represented by the following formula (I), a stereoisomer or tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof: where R1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and Ar1 to Ar3 each are a hydrogen atom or an electron-donating group. The compound of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and therefore can provide a charge-separated state with longevity and not only high oxidizing power but also high reducing power and can be used for various products such as photocatalysts, photosensitizers, dyes, oxidants, reductants, dye-sensitized solar cells, and organic EL devices.

Abstract: An electron donor-acceptor dyad is provided that can provide a charge-separated state with longevity and not only high oxidizing power but also high reducing power. A compound of the present invention is a quinolinium ion derivative represented by the following formula (I), a stereoisomer or tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof: where R1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and Ar1 to Ar3 each are a hydrogen atom or an electron-donating group. The compound of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and therefore can provide a charge-separated state with longevity and not only high oxidizing power but also high reducing power and can be used for various products such as photocatalysts, photosensitizers, dyes, oxidants, reductants, dye-sensitized solar cells, and organic EL devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst useful for a photooxidation reaction and also relates to a novel process for producing aldehydes, particularly aromatic aldehydes, which are useful as an intermediate for the production of agrochemical and medical preparations. The catalyst is particularly suitable for the oxidation of a methyl group difficult to oxidize. A photooxidation catalyst according to the invention is a halogenated aromatic nitrile represented by the following formula (1): (wherein X represents a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom, m represents an integer of 1 to 5, n represents an integer of 1 to 5, m+n≦6, and when n is 2 or more, Xs may be the same or different).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst useful for a photooxidation reaction and also relates to a novel process for producing aldehydes, particularly aromatic aldehydes, which are useful as an intermediate for the production of agrochemical and medical preparations. The catalyst is particularly suitable for the oxidation of a methyl group difficult to oxidize.