Abstract: A transfer member includes: an inner layer; and an outer layer that is adhered to the inner layer and has a hardness lower than a hardness of the inner layer.

Abstract: An anomaly determination apparatus for a vehicle that includes a transmission includes an execution device and a memory device. The memory device is configured to store map data that defines pre-trained map, which has been trained through machine learning. When a variable representing time-series data of a rotation speed of a gear is fed to the map as an input variable, the map outputs a state variable representing a state of the gear as an output variable. The execution device is configured to execute: an obtaining process that obtains the variable representing the time-series data as a value of the input variable; and a determination process that determines whether there is an anomaly in the transmission based on a value of the output variable that is output by the map when the value of the input variable is fed to the map.

Abstract: A storage device stores a mapping data entry that specifies a mapping and includes data learned through machine learning. A detection value of an oil temperature sensor is an oil temperature detection value. When oil temperature relation data, which is data corresponding to time series data of the oil temperature detection value, is input to the mapping as an input variable, the mapping outputs an output variable that determines whether a frictional engagement element has an anomaly. Processing circuitry executes an obtainment process that obtains the input variable and an anomaly determination process that determines whether the frictional engagement element has an anomaly based on the output variable that is output from the mapping as a result of inputting the input variable obtained in the obtainment process into the mapping.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image former and a flattener. The image former forms an image on a recording medium. The flattener is disposed upstream of the image former in a conveying direction of the recording medium, and flattens the recording medium before the image former forms the image on the recording medium.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus including an image carrier, an exposure device, a developing device that supplies a developer to form a toner image, and a hardware processor that controls the image carrier, the exposure device, and the developing device. The image forming apparatus further includes a fume prevention plate that covers a part of an internal space of the developing device where the developing roller is disposed and the developer is stored and that prevents the developer from scattering outside from the internal space, a suction duct, and an air suction device. One end of the suction duct is connected to the internal space and another end of the suction duct is connected to the air suction device. The fume prevention plate includes a movable portion. A position of the movable portion can be changed between a first position and a second position different from the first position.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus including: a transfer member; a first image carrier on which a first toner image using toner of a first color is formed; a second image carrier which is provided on a downstream side relative to the first image carrier in a moving direction (rotating direction) of the transfer member, and on which a second toner image using toner of a second color is formed; a lubricant supply section that supplies a lubricant to the second image carrier; and a control section that controls a supply amount of the lubricant to the second image carrier in accordance with an overlap amount between the first toner image and the second toner image which are transferred from the first image carrier and the second image carrier to the transfer member.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus including an image carrier, an exposure device, a developing device that supplies a developer to form a toner image, and a hardware processor that controls the image carrier, the exposure device, and the developing device. The image forming apparatus further includes a fume prevention plate that covers a part of an internal space of the developing device where the developing roller is disposed and the developer is stored and that prevents the developer from scattering outside from the internal space, a suction duct, and an air suction device. One end of the suction duct is connected to the internal space and another end of the suction duct is connected to the air suction device. The fume prevention plate includes a movable portion. A position of the movable portion can be changed between a first position and a second position different from the first position.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus including: a transfer member; a first image carrier on which a first toner image using toner of a first color is formed; a second image carrier which is provided on a downstream side relative to the first image carrier in a moving direction (rotating direction) of the transfer member, and on which a second toner image using toner of a second color is formed; a lubricant supply section that supplies a lubricant to the second image carrier; and a control section that controls a supply amount of the lubricant to the second image carrier in accordance with an overlap amount between the first toner image and the second toner image which are transferred from the first image carrier and the second image carrier to the transfer member.

Abstract: A device for a vehicle including a power transfer device, the power transfer device having an input pulley, an output pulley, and an endless rotary member, the device including: a memory configured to store mapping data that include data that prescribe mapping that represents correspondence between an input variable and an output variable, the data being learned through machine learning, the input variable being at least one of input rotational speed-related data, and output rotational speed-related data, the output variable specifying whether an abnormality is caused in the endless rotary member; and a processor configured to acquire the input variable, acquire the output variable corresponding to the input variable using the mapping data, and determine, based on the output variable, whether an abnormality is caused in the endless rotary member.

Abstract: An anomaly determination apparatus for a vehicle that includes a transmission includes an execution device and a memory device. The memory device is configured to store map data that defines pre-trained map, which has been trained through machine learning. When a variable representing time-series data of a rotation speed of a gear is fed to the map as an input variable, the map outputs a state variable representing a state of the gear as an output variable. The execution device is configured to execute: an obtaining process that obtains the variable representing the time-series data as a value of the input variable; and a determination process that determines whether there is an anomaly in the transmission based on a value of the output variable that is output by the map when the value of the input variable is fed to the map.

Abstract: A storage device stores a mapping data entry that specifies a mapping and includes data learned through machine learning. A detection value of an oil temperature sensor is an oil temperature detection value. When oil temperature relation data, which is data corresponding to time series data of the oil temperature detection value, is input to the mapping as an input variable, the mapping outputs an output variable that determines whether a frictional engagement element has an anomaly. Processing circuitry executes an obtainment process that obtains the input variable and an anomaly determination process that determines whether the frictional engagement element has an anomaly based on the output variable that is output from the mapping as a result of inputting the input variable obtained in the obtainment process into the mapping.

Abstract: An abnormality determination device is applied to a vehicle provided with a transmission configured to transmit power by rotation of a shaft. The abnormality determination device includes a processor and a memory. The memory configured to store mapping data that is data that defines mapping learned by machine learning. The processor is configured to execute an acquisition process and a determination process. The acquisition process is a process of acquiring a variable indicating a time-series data of a rotation speed of the shaft and using the variable as a value of an input variable of the mapping. The determination process is a process of determining whether an abnormality has occurred in the transmission based on a value of the output variable acquired using the value of the input variable and the mapping.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier that carries a toner image, a developer that develops a toner image on the image carrier, with a developing agent containing toner and carrier, a transferor that transfers the toner image being carried by the image carrier, a collection mechanism that collects the carrier on the image carrier by a magnetic force and an electrostatic force, and a hardware processor that controls removal of the toner adhering to the collection mechanism. The collection mechanism includes a collection roller that incorporates a magnet and that is rotatable while facing the image carrier, and a voltage applicator that applies a voltage to the collection roller. The hardware processor performs a toner removal mode to remove the toner, by setting a peripheral speed of at least one of the image carrier and the collection roller to less than a peripheral speed thereof for image formation.

Abstract: A control apparatus includes: a communicator that communicates with an image forming apparatus capable of executing a print job; and a hardware processor that obtains, for each of the image forming apparatuses in communication with the communicator, a degree of variations in remaining endurance of each of a plurality of units included in the image forming apparatus, wherein the hardware processor assigns a print job to the image forming apparatus having the smallest degree of variations.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an output device and a hardware processor. The hardware processor obtains estimated deterioration information on an estimated degree of deterioration of image quality of an image. Based on the obtained estimated deterioration information, the hardware processor generates, from arbitrary image data, image data of a future image having a predicted image quality. Based on the generated image data of the future image, the hardware processor causes the output device to output the future image.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developing agent carrier body that carries a developing agent; a supplier that has a plurality of movement areas for moving the developing agent and that supplies the developing agent to the developing agent carrier body; a confluence path that combines the developing agent moving in each of the plurality of movement areas and thereafter returns the developing agent to the plurality of movement areas; and a mixing member that mixes the developing agent entered in the confluence path.

Abstract: A control apparatus includes: a communicator that communicates with an image forming apparatus capable of executing a print job; and a hardware processor that obtains, for each of the image forming apparatuses in communication with the communicator, a degree of variations in remaining endurance of each of a plurality of units included in the image forming apparatus, wherein the hardware processor assigns a print job to the image forming apparatus having the smallest degree of variations.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrier that carries a developer, and a developer casing that contains the developer to be supplied to the developer carrier. An opening/closing part is capable of controlling a moving amount of the developer between a first region on one side in an axial direction of the developer carrier and a second region on the other side in the axial direction of the developer carrier by opening or closing the first region and the second region. A hardware processor controls an open/closed state of the opening/closing part in accordance with the state of the developer in the first region and the second region.

Abstract: A developing device includes a hardware processor that performs control in which a developer circulation state is switched between a first state and a second state depending on states of the developer in the first and the second regions. The first state is a state in which a developer circulation path is formed in each of the first and the second regions, and the second state is a state in which a single developer circulation path is formed all through the first and the second regions.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes: a developer carrying member carrying a developer; a plurality of developer feeders accommodating the developer carried by the developer carrying member and being arranged in an axial direction of the developer carrying member; and a collecting part that collects the developer from the developer carrying member and feeds the developer to a second developer feeder different from a first developer feeder located at a position where the developer is collected from the developer carrying member in the axial direction, among the plurality of developer feeders.