Abstract: As a method of manufacturing a metal-air battery, a first step is included of stacking an exterior body (e.g., first resin film 11), a water-repellent film (14), and a positive electrode (e.g., air electrode 15) in the stated order. The first step includes: a fusing step of fusing the exterior body and the water-repellent film (14); and a compression step of compressing the water-repellent film (14) and the positive electrode. The fusing step fuses the exterior body and the water-repellent film (14). After the first step, a portion of the exterior body is removed from inside the fusing portion (141) formed in the fusing step, to form an opening (e.g., air inlet 111) in the exterior body.

Abstract: An air electrode includes a current collector, a catalyst layer, and a water repellent membrane provided in this order. The catalyst layer has a first face in contact with either one of the current collector and the water repellent membrane, a second face in contact with either other of the current collector or the water repellent membrane, and a plurality of through holes, through which the first face and the second face communicate with each other. The through holes each have a constriction with an inner diameter smaller than either of an opening diameter in the first face and an opening diameter in the second face.

Abstract: An air electrode includes a current collector, a catalyst layer, and a water repellent membrane provided in this order. The catalyst layer has a first face in contact with either one of the current collector and the water repellent membrane, a second face in contact with either other of the current collector or the water repellent membrane, and a plurality of through holes, through which the first face and the second face communicate with each other. The through holes each have a constriction with an inner diameter smaller than either of an opening diameter in the first face and an opening diameter in the second face.

Abstract: A method for producing an air electrode includes a kneading step of kneading an oxygen reduction catalyst, a conductive auxiliary agent, and a water-repellent resin (binder) in a water solvent; and a rolling step of rolling with a roller the kneaded product produced in the kneading step. The rolling step includes rolling the kneaded product with the roller several times in many directions (at least two or more different rolling directions). In the formed air electrode, the water-repellent resin is fiberized in the air electrode, and the fibers thereof are oriented in many directions to form a netlike shape.

Abstract: An air electrode material according to the present disclosure contains a plurality of composite particles, wherein each of the composite particles contains a core particle and a plurality of covering particles covering the core particle, the core particle is formed of a material with catalytic activity for an oxygen reduction reaction, the covering particles are formed of an electrically conductive material and are mechanically bonded to the core particles or other covering particles, and the median size of the core particles ranges from 100 to 1000 times the average primary particle size of the covering particles.

Abstract: An air electrode, when disposed in a metal-air battery, capable of maintaining the output of the metal-air battery to a desired value or more and a method for manufacturing the air electrode are provided. The air electrode includes a porous water repellent layer and a catalyst layer being in contact with the water repellent layer. The rate of hole area in a surface of the water repellent layer is 30 area % or more and less than 45 area %. The contact angle with water of the water repellent layer is 100 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less. The method for manufacturing the air electrode includes a water repellent layer-forming step of stretching a water repellent layer-forming material to form the water repellent layer, and a press-bonding step of press-bonding the water repellent layer and the catalyst layer.

Abstract: A method for producing an air electrode includes a kneading step of kneading an oxygen reduction catalyst, a conductive auxiliary agent, and a water-repellent resin (binder) in a water solvent; and a rolling step of rolling with a roller the kneaded product produced in the kneading step. The rolling step includes rolling the kneaded product with the roller several times in many directions (at least two or more different rolling directions). In the formed air electrode, the water-repellent resin is fiberized in the air electrode, and the fibers thereof are oriented in many directions to form a netlike shape.

Abstract: An air electrode material according to the present disclosure contains a plurality of composite particles, wherein each of the composite particles contains a core particle and a plurality of covering particles covering the core particle, the core particle is formed of a material with catalytic activity for an oxygen reduction reaction, the covering particles are formed of an electrically conductive material and are mechanically bonded to the core particles or other covering particles, and the median size of the core particles ranges from 100 to 1000 times the average primary particle size of the covering particles.

Abstract: An air electrode material according to the present disclosure contains a plurality of composite particles, wherein each of the composite particles contains a core particle and a plurality of covering particles covering the core particle, the core particle is formed of a material with catalytic activity for an oxygen reduction reaction, the covering particles are formed of an electrically conductive material and are mechanically bonded to the core particles or other covering particles, and the median size of the core particles ranges from 100 to 1000 times the average primary particle size of the covering particles.

Abstract: An air electrode material according to the present disclosure contains a plurality of composite particles, wherein each of the composite particles contains a core particle and a plurality of covering particles covering the core particle, the core particle is formed of a material with catalytic activity for an oxygen reduction reaction, the covering particles are formed of an electrically conductive material and are mechanically bonded to the core particles or other covering particles, and the median size of the core particles ranges from 100 to 1000 times the average primary particle size of the covering particles.

Abstract: Toner of one aspect of the present invention has a weight average molecular weight Mw of 30,000?Mw?95,263 as determined from a molecular weight distribution based on GPC, includes a THF-insoluble gel component at a weight proportion of less than 5%, and includes components each having a molecular weight of 500 to 1500 which components have an area occupancy of 4% to 10% on a chart of the molecular weight distribution based on GPC.

Abstract: Toner of one aspect of the present invention has a weight average molecular weight Mw of 30,000?Mw?95,263 as determined from a molecular weight distribution based on GPC, includes a THF-insoluble gel component at a weight proportion of less than 5%, and includes components each having a molecular weight of 500 to 1500 which components have an area occupancy of 4% to 10% on a chart of the molecular weight distribution based on GPC.

Abstract: A two-component color developer containing a toner and a resin-coated carrier, the toner containing at least a polyester resin as a binding resin, an organic pigment as a colorant and inorganic fine particles as an external additive, wherein the inorganic fine particles have a negative polarity, the toner has a volume resistivity of 40×109 to 220×109 ?cm and a negative polarity, and the carrier has a coat durability of 90% or greater.

Abstract: Toners of respective colors of a full-color toner set each contain a binder resin which is polyester resin; and a release agent dispersing aid which is styrene acrylic copolymer resin having at least one of an ?-methylstyrene structure and a styrene structure. The styrene acrylic copolymer resin is contained in an amount of 7 parts by weight to 14 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyester resin. The full-color toner set has a sum of resistivities of the toners of the respective colors of 410×109 to 510×109 (?·cm).

Abstract: Toners of respective colors of a full-color toner set each contain a binder resin which is polyester resin; and a release agent dispersing aid which is styrene acrylic copolymer resin having at least one of an ?-methylstyrene structure and a styrene structure. The styrene acrylic copolymer resin is contained in an amount of 7 parts by weight to 14 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyester resin. The full-color toner set has a sum of resistivities of the toners of the respective colors of 410×109 to 510×109 (?·cm).

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development is configured such that: a binder resin is polyester resin; a release agent dispersing aid is styrene acrylic copolymer resin having at least one of an ?-methylstyrene structure and a styrene structure, and is contained in an amount of 5.5 parts by weight to 12 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyester resin; and the styrene acrylic copolymer resin has an acid value of 3 KOHmg/g to 9 KOHmg/g, and the toner for electrostatic image development has an acid value of 14 KOHmg/g to 19 KOHmg/g.

Abstract: Toner of one aspect of the present invention has a weight average molecular weight Mw of 30,000?Mw?95,263 as determined from a molecular weight distribution based on GPC, includes a THF-insoluble gel component at a weight proportion of less than 5%, and includes components each having a molecular weight of 500 to 1500 which components have an area occupancy of 4% to 10% on a chart of the molecular weight distribution based on GPC.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic carrier which includes a core particle, a first resin layer containing a charge-generating material for coating the core particle, and a second resin layer containing a hole-transporting material for coating the first resin layer. The invention also provides a two-component developer comprising said carrier, and an image-forming process and apparatus using said developer. According to the invention, high quality images can be formed, with excellent image density (especially when developing solid images) and less fogging.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic carrier which includes a core particle, a first resin layer containing a charge-generating material for coating the core particle, and a second resin layer containing a hole-transporting material for coating the first resin layer. The invention also provides a two-component developer comprising said carrier, and an image-forming process and apparatus using said developer. According to the invention, high quality images can be formed, with excellent image density (especially when developing solid images) and less fogging.