Abstract: Provided is a novel process and a novel apparatus for urea production capable of performing heat recovery from a relatively low-temperature fluid. A process for urea production includes a synthesis step, a high-pressure decomposition step and a condensation step and includes a) a step of heat-exchanging steam condensate whose temperature is higher than 90° C. with another fluid to cool this steam condensate to 90° C. or less, b) a step of, by heat-exchanging the steam condensate obtained from the step a with a further fluid having a temperature lower than a temperature of the low-pressure steam, heating the steam condensate obtained from the step a, and c) a step of supplying the steam condensate obtained from the step b to the condensation step as the steam condensate for generating the low-pressure steam. An apparatus for performing the process.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes a vehicle body frame including a first inner frame including a first connection and a first inner projection projecting above the first connection in a height direction, a first outer frame including a second connection and a first outer projection projecting above the second connection in the height direction, and a first connection frame having a first opening and connected to the first connection and the second connection between the first inner frame and the first outer frame. A first arm hydraulic cylinder is provided to pass through the first opening. The first cover is configured to surround an outer periphery of the first arm hydraulic cylinder to cover the first opening and provided on the first connection frame to be slidably guided by the first connection frame, the first inner projection, and the first outer projection.

Abstract: A laminate containing: an adhesion layer-applied substrate containing a substrate and an adhesion layer disposed on the substrate, the adhesion layer containing an adhesive emulsion particle (F), an inorganic oxide (G) and a light-shielding agent (S1); and a hard coating layer (C) disposed on the adhesion layer-applied substrate and containing a matrix component (B) containing an inorganic oxide (D), wherein a haze value H1 of the adhesion layer-applied substrate is larger than a haze value H2 of the laminate.

Abstract: There is provided a process and an apparatus for urea production in which preheating of raw material ammonia or heating in a medium-pressure decomposition step can be performed at a relatively low pressure while preventing decrease in an overall heat transfer coefficient. A process for urea production includes: a synthesis step of generating a urea synthesis solution; a high-pressure decomposition step of heating the urea synthesis solution to separate a gaseous mixture containing ammonia and carbon dioxide from the urea synthesis solution; a condensation step of condensing the gaseous mixture; a medium-low-pressure steam generation step of reducing a pressure of medium-pressure steam condensate obtained in the high-pressure decomposition step to a medium-low pressure to generate medium-low-pressure steam and medium-low-pressure steam condensate; and one or both of a medium-pressure decomposition step and an ammonia preheating step.

Abstract: In a urea synthesis process, temperature distribution in a submerged condenser is reduced. The process includes: synthesizing urea from NH3 and CO2 to generate a urea synthesis solution; by heating the solution, decomposing ammonium carbamate and separating a gaseous mixture containing NH3 and CO2 from the solution to obtain a solution higher in urea concentration than the solution obtained in the synthesizing; with use of a submerged condenser including a shell and tube heat exchange structure including a U-tube, absorbing and condensing at least a part of the gaseous mixture in an absorption medium on a shell side, and generating steam on a tube side with use of heat generated during the condensation; and recycling at least a part of liquid, obtained from the shell side, to the synthesizing, wherein water is supplied to the tube side of the condenser at a mass flow rate that is three times or more of the steam generation rate.

Abstract: Provided is a novel process and a novel apparatus for urea production capable of performing heat recovery from a relatively low-temperature fluid. A process for urea production includes a synthesis step, a high-pressure decomposition step and a condensation step and includes a) a step of heat-exchanging steam condensate whose temperature is higher than 90° C. with another fluid to cool this steam condensate to 90° C. or less, b) a step of, by heat-exchanging the steam condensate obtained from the step a with a further fluid having a temperature lower than a temperature of the low-pressure steam, heating the steam condensate obtained from the step a, and c) a step of supplying the steam condensate obtained from the step b to the condensation step as the steam condensate for generating the low-pressure steam. An apparatus for performing the process.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a methacrylic resin composition having excellent surface processability and displaying excellent preservability of formed surface processing. A method for manufacturing a methacrylic resin composition, wherein the methacrylic resin composition comprises two or more types of methacrylic resins that each have a structural unit (X) having the same type of cyclic structure-containing main chain, the methacrylic resin composition has a Vicat softening temperature of 120° C. to 160° C., methanol-soluble content is contained in an amount of 5 mass % or less relative to 100 mass %, in total, of the methanol-soluble content and methanol-insoluble content, comprising mixing a low molecular weight component and a high molecular weight component.

Abstract: A hard coating film containing a polymer nanoparticle (A) and a matrix component (B), wherein a Martens hardness HMA of the polymer nanoparticle (A) and a Martens hardness HMB of the matrix component (B) satisfy a relationship of HMB/HMA>1, and a Martens hardness HM of the hard coating film is 100 N/mm2 or more.

Abstract: There is provided a process and an apparatus for urea production in which preheating of raw material ammonia or heating in a medium-pressure decomposition step can be performed at a relatively low pressure while preventing decrease in an overall heat transfer coefficient. A process for urea production includes: a synthesis step of generating a urea synthesis solution; a high-pressure decomposition step of heating the urea synthesis solution to separate a gaseous mixture containing ammonia and carbon dioxide from the urea synthesis solution; a condensation step of condensing the gaseous mixture; a medium-low-pressure steam generation step of reducing a pressure of medium-pressure steam condensate obtained in the high-pressure decomposition step to a medium-low pressure to generate medium-low-pressure steam and medium-low-pressure steam condensate; and one or both of a medium-pressure decomposition step and an ammonia preheating step.

Abstract: Precipitation of an ammonium salt is prevented while suppressing an increase in water content of the aqueous urea solution which is to be supplied to a urea granulation step, when recovering and using urea and NH3 in a gas which contains urea dust and NH3 and which arises from a urea granulation step.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a methacrylic resin composition having excellent surface processability and displaying excellent preservability of formed surface processing. A method for manufacturing a methacrylic resin composition, wherein the methacrylic resion composition comprises two or more types of methacrylic resins that each have a structural unit (X) having the same type of cyclic structure-containing main chain, the methacrylic resin composition has a Vicat softening temperature of 120° C. to 160° C., methanol-soluble content is contained in an amount of 5 mass % or less relative to 100 mass %, in total, of the methanol-soluble content and methanol-insoluble content, comprising mixing a low molecular weight component and a high molecular weight component.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a treatment method comprising (1) a step in which an aqueous solution containing urea, ammonia and carbon dioxide is introduced into a first stripper (PCS1) and subjected to stripping, and the aqueous solution after stripping is introduced into a urea hydrolyzer (UHY), (2) a step in which urea in the aqueous solution is hydrolyzed in the urea hydrolyzer (UHY), and the aqueous solution after hydrolysis is introduced into a second stripper (PCS2), (3) a step in which the aqueous solution is subjected to stripping in the second stripper (PCS2), and (4) a step in which a part of the aqueous solution before being stripped in the first stripper (PCS1), and/or, a part of the aqueous solution after being stripped in the first stripper (PCS1) but before being hydrolyzed in the urea hydrolyzer (UHY) is introduced into an exhaust gas treatment equipment equipped with an ammonia scrubbing equipment (ASCR); and a treatment equipment therefor.

Abstract: Precipitation of an ammonium salt is prevented while suppressing an increase in water content of the aqueous urea solution which is to be supplied to a urea granulation step, when recovering and using urea and NH3 in a gas which contains urea dust and NH3 and which arises from a urea granulation step.

Abstract: The present invention is a urea production method, including: a first concentration step of concentrating an aqueous urea solution; a granulation step of producing solid urea from the concentrated urea solution generated in the first concentration step; a urea recovery step of treating exhaust gas from the granulation step and recovering urea dust in the exhaust gas to generate a recovered aqueous urea solution, the granulation step being configured so as to treat a concentrated urea solution containing an additive; and a second concentration step of concentrating the recovered aqueous urea solution as an additional concentration step, wherein the concentrated recovered urea solution generated in the second concentration step is joined to the concentrated urea solution in the downstream of the first concentration step, and an additive is added downstream of the first concentration step.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a treatment method comprising (1) a step in which an aqueous solution containing urea, ammonia and carbon dioxide is introduced into a first stripper (PCS1) and subjected to stripping, and the aqueous solution after stripping is introduced into a urea hydrolyzer (UHY), (2) a step in which urea in the aqueous solution is hydrolyzed in the urea hydrolyzer (UHY), and the aqueous solution after hydrolysis is introduced into a second stripper (PCS2), (3) a step in which the aqueous solution is subjected to stripping in the second stripper (PCS2), and (4) a step in which a part of the aqueous solution before being stripped in the first stripper (PCS1), and/or, a part of the aqueous solution after being stripped in the first stripper (PCS1) but before being hydrolyzed in the urea hydrolyzer (UHY) is introduced into an exhaust gas treatment equipment equipped with an ammonia scrubbing equipment (ASCR); and a treatment equipment therefor.

Abstract: Provided is an optical component comprising a methacrylic resin composition having excellent surface processability and displaying excellent preservability of formed surface processing. The optical component contain a methacrylic resin including a structural unit (X) having a cyclic structure-containing main chain that is at least one selected from the group consisting of an N-substituted maleimide monomer-derived structural unit, a glutarimide-based structural unit, and a lactone ring structural unit. The methacrylic resin composition has a Vicat softening temperature of 120° C. to 160° C. Among methacrylic acid ester monomer-derived structural units, a ratio (S/H) of the integrated intensity (S) of a syndiotactic fraction (rr) relative to the integrated intensity (H) of a heterotactic fraction (mr), as determined by 1H-NMR measurement, is 1.20 to 1.50. The amount of methanol-soluble content is 5 mass % or less relative to 100 mass %, in total, of methanol-soluble content and methanol-insoluble content.

Abstract: Methacrylic resin having high heat resistance, highly controlled birefringence, excellent color tone and transparency, and excellent moldability is provided. A methacrylic resin comprises a structural unit (B) having a cyclic structure-containing main chain, the structural unit (B) including at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of an N-substituted maleimide-based structural unit (B-1) and a lactone ring structural unit (B-2), wherein a glass transition temperature is more than 120° C. and 160° C. or less, an amount of a methanol-soluble content is 5 mass % or less relative to 100 mass % of a total amount of the methanol-soluble content and a methanol-insoluble content in the methacrylic resin, and an yellowness index YI measured using a 10 cm optical path length cell for a 20 w/v % chloroform solution of the methanol-insoluble content is 0 to 7.

Abstract: A methacrylic resin composition having high heat resistance, excellent birefringence, and excellent heat stability and molding processability is provided. A methacrylic resin composition comprises: a methacrylic resin including a structural unit (X) having a cyclic structure-containing main chain, the structural unit (X) being at least one type selected from the group consisting of an N-substituted maleimide monomer-derived structural unit, a glutarimide-based structural unit, and a lactone ring structural unit; and an organic phosphorous compound, wherein a glass transition temperature is more than 120° C. and 160° C. or less, a content of a phosphorus element is 10 mass ppm to 1000 mass ppm, and a ratio P3/P5 of an integral value P3 of a spectral peak assigned to trivalent phosphorus to an integral value P5 of a spectral peak assigned to pentavalent phosphorus in 31P-NMR measurement is 0.2 to 5.0.

Abstract: Provided is a methacrylic resin composition having excellent surface processability and displaying excellent preservability of formed surface processing. The methacrylic resin composition and an optical component contain a methacrylic resin including a structural unit (X) having a cyclic structure-containing main chain that is at least one selected from the group consisting of an N-substituted maleimide monomer-derived structural unit, a glutarimide-based structural unit, and a lactone ring structural unit. The methacrylic resin composition has a Vicat softening temperature of 120° C. to 160° C. Among methacrylic acid ester monomer-derived structural units, a ratio (S/H) of the integrated intensity (S) of a syndiotactic fraction (rr) relative to the integrated intensity (H) of a heterotactic fraction (mr), as determined by 1H-NMR measurement, is 1.20 to 1.50. The amount of methanol-soluble content is 5 mass % or less relative to 100 mass %, in total, of methanol-soluble content and methanol-insoluble content.

Abstract: The present invention is a urea production method, including: a first concentration step of concentrating an aqueous urea solution; a granulation step of producing solid urea from the concentrated urea solution generated in the first concentration step; a urea recovery step of treating exhaust gas from the granulation step and recovering urea dust in the exhaust gas to generate a recovered aqueous urea solution, the granulation step being configured so as to treat a concentrated urea solution containing an additive; and a second concentration step of concentrating the recovered aqueous urea solution as an additional concentration step, wherein the concentrated recovered urea solution generated in the second concentration step is joined to the concentrated urea solution in the downstream of the first concentration step, and an additive is added downstream of the first concentration step. The present invention can produce a urea solution containing no additive for producing solid urea, while using the additive.