Abstract: An image forming method is disclosed, the method includes forming a latent image by irradiating an organic photoreceptor by a semiconductor laser or a light emission diode emitting light of a wavelength of from 350 to 500 nm, and developing the latent image by a developer containing a toner to form a toner image, the organic photoreceptor having a surface layer comprising a binder and fluororesin fine particles having an average primary particle diameter of not less than 0.02 ?m and less than 0.20 ?m.

Abstract: An embodiment may be an organic photoreceptor, which comprises a conductive support; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive support; and a surface layer containing a binder and a fluorine-containing resin fine particle having a number average primary particle diameter between about 0.02 ?m and about 0.20 ?m and a crystallinity of less than 90% and a binder resin; wherein a contact angle of the surface layer for water is 90° or more and a dispersion of the contact angle is within ±2.0°.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an organic photoconductor having a surface layer containing fluorine-containing resin particles whose number average primary particle size is not less than 0.02 ?m and is less than 0.20 ?m; a charging device to charge by bring an charging member in contact with the organic photoconductor; a latent image forming device to for a latent image on the organic photoconductor; a developing device to visualize the latent image with toner and to form a toner image on the organic photoconductor; and a transferring device to transfer the toner onto a transfer material.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a charge generating layer and a charge transfer layer accumulated on a support member, the charge transfer layer including at least two layers of a support side layer and a surface side layer, wherein the support side layer contains A mol/cm3 of charge mol/cm3 of charge transfer material having a dipolar moment of not more than 0.75 and inorganic particles having a number average primary particle diameter of 3-150 nm, wherein A and B satisfies relations of (1) and (2), 9.0×10?4>A>3.0×10?4??(1) 8.0×10?4>B>2.0×10?5??(2).

Abstract: A photoconductor for electrophotography, includes a conductive substrate; a photosensitive layer containing charge generation material formed on the conductive substrate. The charge generation material contains a substituted or unsubstituted gallium phthalocyanine dimer (GaPhC dimmer) and a substituted or unsubstituted hydroxy gallium phthalocyanine (GaPhC monomer) and has distinctive diffraction peaks at the Bragg angles (2?±0.2) of 7.5° and 28.3° in a Cu-K? characteristic X-ray diffraction spectrum.

Abstract: An image forming method comprising the steps of; forming a latent image by exposing an organic photoreceptor to light, and developing the latent image by a developer containing a toner to form a toner image, wherein the organic photoreceptor has a surface layer comprising a binder and fluororesin fine particles having an average primary particle diameter of not less than 0.02 ?m and less than 0.20 ?m and a crystallinity of less than 90%, and has a contact angle for water of 90° or more; and toner particles of the toner has a particle diameter below 0.7×(Dp50) being 10 number percents, Dp50 being 50% number particle diameter. An embodiment may be an organic photoreceptor, which comprises a conductive support; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive support; and a surface layer containing a binder and a fluorine-containing resin fine particle having a number average primary particle diameter between about 0.02 ?m and about 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and more specifically, to a photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer superimposed over a substrate. In one aspect of the invention, sequential laminations of a dispersion layer of conductive tantalum-doped tin oxide powder dispersed in a binder resin solution, are provided between the substrate layer and the photosensitive layer. Another aspect of the invention relates to a protective layer provided for the photosensitive layer. The protective layer of the most exterior surface of the photosensitive member may be a dispersion layer formed by dispersing tantalum-doped tin oxide powder in a resin solution.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an organic photoconductor having a surface layer containing fluorine-containing resin particles whose number average primary particle size is not less than 0.02 ?m and is less than 0.20 ?m; a charging device to charge by bring an charging member in contact with the organic photoconductor; a latent image forming device to for a latent image on the organic photoconductor; a developing device to visualize the latent image with toner and to form a toner image on the organic photoconductor; and a transferring device to transfer the toner onto a transfer material.

Abstract: An image forming method comprising the steps of; forming a latent image by exposing an organic photoreceptor to light, and developing the latent image by a developer containing a toner to form a toner image, wherein the organic photoreceptor has a surface layer comprising a binder and fluororesin fine particles having an average primary particle diameter of not less than 0.02 ?m and less than 0.20 ?m and a crystallinity of less than 90%, and has a contact angle for water of 90° or more; and toner particles of the toner has a particle diameter below 0.7×(Dp50) being 10 number percents, Dp50 being 50% number particle diameter. An embodiment may be an organic photoreceptor, which comprises a conductive support; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive support; and a surface layer containing a binder and a fluorine-containing resin fine particle having a number average primary particle diameter between about 0.02 ?m and about 0.

Abstract: An image forming method is disclosed, the method includes forming a latent image by irradiating an organic photoreceptor by a semiconductor laser or a light emission diode emitting light of a wavelength of from 350 to 500 nm, and developing the latent image by a developer containing a toner to form a toner image, the organic photoreceptor having a surface layer comprising a binder and fluororesin fine particles having an average primary particle diameter of not less than 0.02 ?m and less than 0.20 ?m.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a charge generating layer and a charge transfer layer accumulated on a support member, the charge transfer layer including at least two layers of a support side layer and a surface side layer, wherein the support side layer contains A mol/cm3 of charge mol/cm3 of charge transfer material having a dipolar moment of not more than 0.75 and inorganic particles having a number average primary particle diameter of 3-150 nm, wherein A and B satisfies relations of (1) and (2), 9.0×10?4>A>3.0×10?4 ??(1) 8.0×10?4>B>2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic photoreceptor unit that has a conductive base unit, a charge generating layer formed on the conductive base unit, a first charge transport layer that is formed on the charge generating layer and contains a first bonding resin and a first charge transport material, and a second charge transport layer that is formed on the first charge transport layer and contains a second bonding resin including denatured polycarbonate resin, fluorine resin particles and a second charge transport material, wherein the content of the second charge transport material relative to the second bonding resin is larger than the content of the first charge transport material relative to the first bonding resin.

Abstract: A photoconductor for electrophotography, includes a conductive substrate; a photoesensitive layer containing charge generation material formed on the conductive substrate. The charge generation material contains a substituted or unsubstituted gallium phthalocyanine dimer (GaPhC dimmer) and a substituted or unsubstituted hydroxy gallium phthalocyanine (GaPhC monomer) and has distinctive diffraction peaks at the Bragg angles (2?±0.2) of 7.5° and 28.3° in a Cu—K? characteristic X-ray diffraction spectrum.

Abstract: An embodiment may be an organic photoreceptor, which comprises a conductive support; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive support; and a surface layer containing a binder and a fluorine-containing resin fine particle having a number average primary particle diameter between about 0.02 ?m and about 0.20 ?m and a crystallinity of less than 90% and a binder resin; wherein a contact angle of the surface layer for water is 90° or more and a dispersion of the contact angle is within ±2.0°.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive member for electrophotography which comprises a electroconductive support and one or more layers that include a photosensitive layer formed on the surface of the electroconductive support, wherein the outermost layer comprises binder resin, fluororesin particles A and fluororesin particles B.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive member for electrophotography which comprises a electroconductive support and one or more layers that include a photosensitive layer formed on the surface of the electroconductive support, wherein the outermost layer comprises binder resin, fluororesin particles A and fluororesin particles B.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic photoreceptor unit that has a conductive base unit, a charge generating layer formed on the conductive base unit, a first charge transport layer that is formed on the charge generating layer and contains a first bonding resin and a first charge transport material, and a second charge transport layer that is formed on the first charge transport layer and contains a second bonding resin including denatured polycarbonate resin, fluorine resin particles and a second charge transport material, wherein the content of the second charge transport material relative to the second bonding resin is larger than the content of the first charge transport material relative to the first bonding resin.

Abstract: An inventive apparatus for producing electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a guide portion permitting passage of a cylindrical coated member; a coating-solution feed portion disposed around an outer periphery of the guide portion and allowing a coating solution to flow over an upper end of the guide portion thereby applying the solution to an outer periphery of the coated member; a coating-solution feeding assembly for feeding the coating solution to the coating-solution feed portion; a coating-solution recovery portion disposed around an outer periphery of the coating-solution feed portion via a partitioning wall for recovery of the coating solution flowing from the coating-solution feed portion over the partitioning wall; and an openable communicating portion for communication between the coating-solution feed portion and the coating-solution recovery portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and more specifically, to a photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer superimposed over a substrate. In one aspect of the invention, sequential laminations of a dispersion layer of conductive tantalum-doped tin oxide powder dispersed in a binder resin solution, are provided between the substrate layer and the photosensitive layer. Another aspect of the invention relates to a protective layer provided for the photosensitive layer. The protective layer of the most exterior surface of the photosensitive member may be a dispersion layer formed by dispersing tantalum-doped tin oxide powder in a resin solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive member for electrophotography which has excellent adhesion between a surface protective layer and a photosensitive layer as well as electrostatic properties, such as sensitivity and the like, and which prevents an occurrence of an image noise over a long period of time. The photosensitive member for electrophotography which comprises: (i) an electroconductive support, (ii) an organic photosensitive layer which comprises a charge generating material, a charge transporting material, and a binder resin, and (iii) a surface protective layer which comprises a thermosetting silicone resin, said surface protective layer being prepared by applying a coating solution comprising the thermosetting silicone resin and a solvent, which can dissolve the binder resin and has a boiling point of 60-130° C. and a solubility parameter of 8-11, onto the organic photosensitive layer and then curing the applied coating solution.