Abstract: A changing system in a manual transmission is provided. An interlock plate is mounted on a shift-selecting shaft capable of being moved axially in response to a selecting operation and turned about an axis in response to a shifting operation, so that the interlock plate cannot be turned about an axis of the shift-selecting shaft. The interlock plate has a pair of side plate portions which are provided at locations spaced apart from each other in an axial direction of the shift-selecting shaft and through which the shift-selecting shaft extends. A shifting arm disposed between the side plate portions is fixed to the shift-selecting shaft. In such changing system, the shifting arm and an interlock member operatively connected to the shifting arm are interposed between the side plate portions of the interlock plate.

Abstract: A gear shift apparatus for a manual transmission utilizes an actuator to prevent a miss shift manipulation from a forward gear stage to a reverse gear stage. The gear shift apparatus permits the driver to forcedly release a mis-shift preventing state with a smaller force. In the gear shift apparatus for a manual transmission, a select cam is responsive to a selecting manipulation to pivotally move to forward positions corresponding to forward select positions and a reverse position corresponding to a reverse select position. A restraint cam is driven to a prohibiting position by a plunger when a solenoid is energized to prohibit the select cam from pivotally moving to the reverse position. In this prohibiting state, as the select cam is pivotally moved toward a forward position in response to a manipulation for selecting a forward select position, a release protrusion of the select cam presses the restraint cam to pivotally move the same from the prohibiting state to a permitting position.

Abstract: A changing system in a manual transmission is provided. An interlock plate is mounted on a shift-selecting shaft capable of being moved axially in response to a selecting operation and turned about an axis in response to a shifting operation, so that the interlock plate cannot be turned about an axis of the shift-selecting shaft. The interlock plate has a pair of side plate portions which are provided at locations spaced apart from each other in an axial direction of the shift-selecting shaft and through which the shift-selecting shaft extends. A shifting arm disposed between the side plate portions is fixed to the shift-selecting shaft. In such changing system, the shifting arm and an interlock member operatively connected to the shifting arm are interposed between the side plate portions of the interlock plate.

Abstract: A gear shift apparatus for a manual transmission utilizes an actuator to prevent a miss shift manipulation from a forward gear stage to a reverse gear stage. The gear shift apparatus permits the driver to forcedly release a miss shift preventing state with a smaller force. In the gear shift apparatus for a manual transmission, a select cam is responsive to a selecting manipulation to pivotally move to forward positions corresponding to forward select positions and a reverse position corresponding to a reverse select position. A restraint cam is driven to a prohibiting position by a plunger when a solenoid is energized to prohibit the select cam from pivotally moving to the reverse position. In this prohibiting state, as the select cam is pivotally moved toward a forward position in response to a manipulation for selecting a forward select position, a release protrusion of the select cam presses the restraint cam to pivotally move the same from the prohibiting state to a permitting position.

Abstract: In a planetary differential gear system using helical gears, a clutch is interposed between a carrier for planetary gears and a differential casing, and adapted to be engaged by an axial thrust force produced by a sun gear. First and second axle shafts are provided with splined internal ends which are received in complementary bores of the sun gear and the carrier, respectively. The first axle shaft is received in a bore of the differential casing so as to be freely slidable and rotatable jointly with the sun gear. Therefore, the thrust force produced by the sun gear when a drive input is applied to the differential system can be transmitted to the friction clutch without being obstructed by the friction produced by the splined coupling between the first axle shaft and the sun gear, or disturbed by any unpredictable force of engagement between the first axle shaft and the sun gear.

Abstract: A manual transmission for a vehicle, in which any one of a plurality of forward shift stages and a reverse shift stage can selectively be established by movement of a shift member operatively associated with the selecting and shifting operations of a change lever, and the shift member is restrained from moving to a position in which the reverse shift stage is established, by the abutment of the shift member against an engage portion provided on a restraining member which is connected to a drive device and adapted to be moved from an inoperative position to an operative position during forward travelling of the vehicle, wherein the restraining member is provided with an abutment portion against which the shift member is abutable, and the abutment portion is urged by a movement of the shift member operatively associated with the operation of the change lever, thereby forcedly returning the restraining member from the operative position to the inoperative position.

Abstract: A system for lubricating a transmission for a vehicle includes an auxiliary oil reservoir placed in the transmission case apart from transmission gears, an oil pump in the transmission case operated interlockingly with an output shaft of the transmission for pumping lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the case into the auxiliary oil reservoir, and a circulating means provided in the auxiliary oil reservoir for regulating the amount of oil circulated from the auxiliary oil reservoir into the transmission case, such that the amount of oil in the auxiliary oil reservoir is increased or decreased in accordance with a respective increase or decrease in the amount of oil discharged from the oil pump.

Abstract: A multiple-disk clutch apparatus including an input-side rotatable member having a clutch disk pressing surface, a pressure plate attached to the input-side rotatable member and disposed on an axially rear side opposing the pressing surface, a plurality of clutch disks disposed between the pressing surface and the pressure plate with an intermediate plate being interposed between the clutch disks, and a stopper member for restricting an axially rearward return position of the intermediate plate at the time of clutch disengagement. The stopper member is mounted on the input side rotatable member via a one-way mechanism which allows an axially forward movement of the stopper member but which restricts an axially rearward movement thereof. A holder for holding the one-way mechanism can be mounted on the input side rotatable member so as to be movable axially rearward against a spring. A restriction portion for restricting an axially forward movement of the holder can be formed in the input side rotatable member.

Abstract: The shielding material of electromagnetic waves of the invention is formed f a polymeric material as the matrix and an inorganic powder, e.g. mica flakes, metallized on the surface of the particles with a metal, e.g. nickel, as the conductive dispersant in the matrix. The metallization of the inorganic powder is performed by chemical plating, preferably, after pretreatment with an organic compound having a functional group capable of capturing ions of a noble metal and then with a solution containing a noble metal, preferably, palladium. This pretreatment is effective to increase the firmness of bonding between the metallizing layer and the surface of the particles so that the shielding effect of the material is greatly improved.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant iron-base material coated on at least a part of the surface thereof with a layer of a titanium-nickel alloy containing 5-45% by weight of nickel. This corrosion-resistant iron-base material is produced by applying a viscous coating liquid containing titanium powder, nickel powder and a binder onto the surface of an iron-base alloy and then heating the iron-base alloy at a temperature of 900.degree.-1200.degree. C. under vacuum so as to form on the surface thereof a layer of the titanium-nickel alloy containing 5-45% by weight of nickel.