Abstract: In a microscopic observing apparatus, the optical axis of a probe microscope is placed between the two optical axes of a stereoscopic microscope. In another microscopic observing apparatus, the microscopic observing apparatus includes a guide mechanism that guides the probe microscope and the stereoscopic microscope, a connecting member that maintains a constant spacing between optical axes of the probe microscope and the stereoscopic microscope, a right stopper that restricts further movement of the stereoscopic microscope when the position of the optical axis of the stereoscopic microscope matches a center position on the guide rail; and a left stopper that restricts further movement of the probe microscope when the position of the optical axis of the probe microscope matches the center position.

Abstract: An optical apparatus minimizes autofluorescence and stray light as well as leakage of excitation light and efficiently utilizes illuminating light from a fluorescence illumination optical system to allow observation of a bright fluorescence image. An observation apparatus has an objective, an observation optical system unit including a variable magnification optical system, and an imaging optical system unit including an imaging lens and an eyepiece. A fluorescence illumination apparatus, which is provided separately, is removably attached to the observation apparatus. The fluorescence illumination apparatus has a light source, a collector lens unit, and a reflecting member placed between the objective and the observation optical system unit at a position displaced from the optical axis of the objective to make light from the light source incident on the objective. An excitation filter is provided between the light source and the reflecting member.

Abstract: A illumination device for microscope, which has a illumination axis, includes illumination unit, which emits rays of illumination light, for illuminating a specimen, a field stop projection lens, which is located on the illumination axis between the illumination unit and specimen, a light deflector array, which is located on the illumination axis between the illumination unit and field stop projection lens in conjugation with the specimen, the light deflector array having micro optical deflection portions, which individually deflect the rays of illumination light from the illumination unit, and switch unit for switching between a state in which the rays of illumination light is applied to the specimen and a state in which the rays of illumination light is not applied to the specimen.

Abstract: An optical apparatus minimizes autofluorescence and stray light as well as leakage of excitation light and efficiently utilizes illuminating light from a fluorescence illumination optical system to allow observation of a bright fluorescence image. An observation apparatus has an objective, an observation optical system unit including a variable magnification optical system, and an imaging optical system unit including an imaging lens and an eyepiece. A fluorescence illumination apparatus, which is provided separately, is removably attached to the observation apparatus. The fluorescence illumination apparatus has a light source, a collector lens unit, and a reflecting member placed between the objective and the observation optical system unit at a position displaced from the optical axis of the objective to make light from the light source incident on the objective. An excitation filter is provided between the light source and the reflecting member.

Abstract: A piston for use in a compressor comprises a head portion and an engaging portion. The engaging portion includes a first shoe pocket and a second shoe pocket formed therein, and an interior surface of the first shoe pocket includes a hollow potion formed therein. Moreover, the interior surface of the first shoe pocket includes a lubrication layer formed thereon. For example, the lubricant layer may include a solid lubricant or a grease having a viscosity which is sufficient to adhere the grease to the interior surface of the first shoe pocket or the second shoe pocket, or both. In an embodiment, an interior surface of the second shoe pocket also may have the hollow portion formed therein. In another embodiment, the interior surface of the second shoe pocket may have a penetrating aperture formed therein.

Abstract: An illumination system for microscopy includes a light source, a first spectral element dispersing light from the light source, a reflecting member selectively reflecting light dispersed by the first spectral element, a second spectral element combining light reflected by the reflecting member, a dichroic mirror, an objective lens, and an image sensor. The first spectral element is placed at the front focal point of a first lens, the reflecting member is placed at a position where the back focal point of the first lens coincides with the front focal point of a second lens, and the second spectral element is placed at the back focal point of the second lens.

Abstract: In a microscope system, illumination light rays are emitted from a light source. The illumination light rays are collimated and reflected from a mirror to the optical element array. The optical element array is located at a conjugate position of a specimen, and includes a plurality of micro mirrors arranged in a matrix form. The micro mirrors are individually controlled to selectively reflect the illumination light rays for illuminating the specimen. Thus, a predetermined pattern of the light rays is reflected from the optical element array to an objective lens. The illumination light rays are projected on the specimen from the objective lens and the specimen is illuminated by the predetermined illumination pattern.

Abstract: A piston-type compressor has a plurality of cylinder bores, each of which receives a piston assembly. Each piston assembly reciprocates between a top dead center and a bottom dead center in each cylinder bores. Each piston assembly includes a piston and a piston ring. A first groove is formed on an outer peripheral surface and at about a first end of the piston. The piston ring, which has a truncated cone-shape is inserted into the first groove, such that a wider edge of the piston ring opens toward a piston skirt portion of the piston and a narrower edge of the piston ring abuts a bottom surface of the first groove. A second groove is formed on an interior wall of the cylinder bore, and extends along an axial line between a crank-chamber-side end of the cylinder bore and about an end of bottom dead center position.

Abstract: A swash plate compressor includes a cylinder block having positioned therein a plurality of cylinders and a crank chamber. Each of a plurality of pistons has a head portion and a skirt portion. The head portion of the piston is slidably disposed within one of the cylinders. The skirt portion of the piston slidably abuts on an inside surface of the crank chamber, and by its action the pistons are prevented from nutating axes when the pistons are driven in a reciprocating motion within the cylinders upon rotation of the swash plate. The crank chamber has a truncated cone-shape, the inside diameter of which is reduced between a top dead center and a bottom dead center of the piston. The structure for the swash plate compressor according to this invention reduces vibration and noise caused by the nutation of the pistons.

Abstract: In a compressor in which a compression operation is obtained in accordance with a rotation of a shaft rotatable supported by a cylinder block and a front housing coupled to each other, an axial urging arrangement and a thrust bearing are interposed between an axial end surface of the shaft and the cylinder block. The axial urging arrangement and the thrust bearing are arranged in series. The axial urging arrangement has a compression coil spring for urging the shaft in its axial direction.

Abstract: A piston-type compressor has a plurality of cylinder bores, each of which receives a piston assembly. Each piston assembly reciprocates between a top dead center and a bottom dead center in each cylinder bores. Each piston assembly includes a piston and a piston ring. A first groove is formed on an outer peripheral surface and at about a first end of the piston. The piston ring which has a truncated cone-shape is inserted into the first groove, such that a wider edge of the piston zing opens toward a piston skirt portion of the piston and a narrower edge of the piston ring abuts a bottom surface of the first groove A second groove is formed on an interior wall of the cylinder bore, and extends along an axial line between a crank-chamber-side end of Fe cylinder bore and about an end of bottom dead center position.

Abstract: An optical apparatus minimizes autofluorescence and stray light as well as leakage of excitation light and efficiently utilizes illuminating light from a fluorescence illumination optical system to allow observation of a bright fluorescence image. An observation apparatus has an objective, an observation optical system unit including a variable magnification optical system, and an imaging optical system unit including an imaging lens and an eyepiece. A fluorescence illumination apparatus, which is provided separately, is removably attached to the observation apparatus. The fluorescence illumination apparatus has a light source, a collector lens unit, and a reflecting member placed between the objective and the observation optical system unit at a position displaced from the optical axis of the objective to make light from the light source incident on the objective. An excitation filter is provided between the light source and the reflecting member.

Abstract: A piston-type compressor has several cylinder bores, each of which receives a piston assembly. The piston assembly reciprocates between a top dead center and a botom dead center in each cylinder bores. The piston assembly includes a piston and a piston ring. A groove is formed at or about a top dead center of an outer peripheral surface of the piston, and having a flat bottom surface thereof. The piston ring, which has a truncated cone-shape and may be made of resin, is fitted into the groove. An external diameter of the piston ring is greater than that of the piston. The piston ring is disposed in the groove, such that the wider edge of the ring opens toward a bottom dead center of the piston and a narrower edge of the piston ring abuts the bottom surface of the groove.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises: a tread rubber having a Shore A hardness of not more than 65 degrees at 20 degrees C.; a tread portion provided with at least one circumferential row of blocks having circumferential edges adjacent to lateral grooves; each of the circumferential edges having a mean inclination angle of 0 to 60 degrees with respect to the tire axial direction; sidewalls of the lateral grooves on one side in the tire circumferential direction each comprising a first upper slope extending from the top of the adjacent block to a first point at a depth h1, while inclining at an angle .alpha.1, and a first lower slope extending from said first point towards the groove bottom, while inclining at an angle .alpha.2 smaller than the angle .alpha.1,; the remaining sidewalls of the lateral grooves on the other side each comprising a second upper slope extending from the top of the adjacent block to a second point at a different depth h2 than said depth h1, while inclining at an angle .beta.

Abstract: An incident-light fluorescence microscope including: (i) a transmission illuminating optical system which has a first optical member for receiving light emitted from a light source and extracting transmitted light and which irradiates the transmitted light onto a sample, and (ii) an observation optical system which has an objective lens and a second optical member and which is positioned closer to the objective lens than the sample. An incident-light fluorescence illuminating optical system is provided in the observation optical system, wherein the first optical member has a peak of transmittance at a wavelength longer than the fluorescent wavelength, and the second optical member selectively modulates only a wavelength transmitted through the first optical member.

Abstract: An automatic programming apparatus is provided to generate a NC program for processing a roll having a cylindrical part and axle parts. The apparatus includes a roll-profile setting module, a process-condition setting module, a process-order setting module and an automatic programming module. The roll-profile setting module establishes dimensional values of the roll between an operator and the apparatus at every locational code, while the process-condition setting module establishes a plurality of process conditions at every process code, interactively. The process-order setting module combines the locational codes with the process codes at every process order, optionally and interactively, so that the process order of the cylindrical part and the axle parts is set while allocating any one of the process conditions.

Abstract: A tire vulcanizing mold is divided into an upper-mold and a lower-mold in the tire axial direction. The upper and the lower molds have a base part with a molding surface for a tire-bead and a tire-sidewall, and a tread ring part with a molding surface for a tire-tread and a tire-buttress. The tread ring part is divided by radial split surfaces into a plurality of tread segments supported on the base part tiltably around a center line in the tangential direction of a circle centered on the tire axis between the reference position, where the radial split surfaces of the tread ring part contact to each other, and a releasing position, where the radial split surfaces are separated to each other.

Abstract: A reflected fluorescence microscope is used to observe a fluorescent image of a stained specimen by reflected illumination, and includes a light source, an excitation filter for converting light from the light source into a plurality of narrow-band excitation lights, a dichroic mirror for reflecting the narrow-band excitation lights emerging from the excitation filter toward the specimen and transmitting therethrough the light emerging from the specimen, an absorption filter for absorbing an extra wavelength component from light emerging from the dichroic mirror and transmitting therethrough a wavelength component of the fluorescent image, an optical system for forming the fluorescent image of the specimen from the wavelength component transmitted through the absorption filter, and a transmission wavelength shifting filter for adjusting the ratio of the quantities of light in units of fluorochromes.