Abstract: In a flash circuit of a flash device, a Zener diode (37) is connected to a tap point (23f) located at an intermediate position of a secondary coil of an oscillation transformer (23). The oscillation transformer (23) and an oscillation transistor (22) constitutes an oscillation circuit. A potential at the tap point (23f) changes proportionally to a voltage charged in a main capacitor (41). When the main capacitor (41) is charged up to a set voltage, the Zener diode (37) conducts a Zener current, which activates a stopping transistor (38) and thus deactivates the oscillation circuit. When a flash charge switch (51) is turned on, an end of a light guide portion of a charge condition indicator (60) protrudes out of a lens-fitted film unit. When the main capacitor (41) is charged up to the set voltage, a light emission element starts lighting, and the light from the light emission element is projected from the end of the light guide portion.

Abstract: A tablet shaped catalyst is disposed on an upper portion inside a waterproof housing. The catalyst, which is comprised of palladium, accelerates a chemical reaction for combining hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The catalyst begins accelerating the chemical reaction just after contacting with hydrogen gas. By disposing said catalyst on an upper position inside the waterproof housing, hydrogen gas, lighter than the air, is effectively removed. This chemical reaction causes to generate water, so it is preferable to provide a water absorbent by the catalyst.

Abstract: A print format selection device for selecting one of different print formats to each picture frame of a filmstrip loaded in a camera or lens-fitted photo film unit, wherein an original field of view of a viewfinder corresponds to a picture frame defined by an exposure aperture of the camera. A rotatable view changing plate is provided to limit the original field of view in correspondence with the selected print format. The view changing plate is formed with two view windows of different aspect ratios from the original field of view. The centers of the view windows are on a circle which is coaxial with the rotational axis of the view changing plate and which extend across an optical axis of the viewfinder.

Abstract: A lens-fitted photo film unit has an electronic flash device (11, 30; 115) with a printed circuit board (173). The flash device includes a flash-emitting section (6, 170) for emitting flash light toward a photographic field, and a main capacitor (31, 155) for storing charge to be discharged in the flash-emitting section. The printed circuit board converts a current of a battery (12, 127) into a current of high voltage to be supplied to the main capacitor. The printed circuit board has a transistor (13, Tr1) for oscillation. A primary winding (15) has one end connected to the battery, and another end connected to a collector of the transistor. A secondary winding (16) is combined in mutual induction with the primary winding, has one end connected to the main capacitor, and another end connected to a base of the transistor. A tertiary winding (17) is combined in mutual induction with the secondary winding, has one end connected to the battery, and another end connected to the base of the transistor.

Abstract: A lens-fitted photo film unit has an electronic flash device (11, 30; 115) with a printed circuit board (173). The flash device includes a flash-emitting section (6, 170) for emitting flash light toward a photographic field, and a main capacitor (31, 155) for storing charge to be discharged in the flash-emitting section. The printed circuit board converts a current of a battery (12, 127) into a current of high voltage to be supplied to the main capacitor. An LED is driven to emit light in response to charging of the main capacitor at a predetermined level. The flash-emitting section is arranged to be slidably disposed on said printed circuit board.

Abstract: A lens-fitted photo film unit has an electronic flash device with a flash circuit board. The flash device includes a flash-emitting section for emitting flash light toward a photographic field, and a main capacitor for storing charge to be discharged in the flash-emitting section. The flash-emitting section and main capacitor together constitute a flasher/capacitor unit. In one embodiment, a detachable connector, providing both the electrical connection and the mechanical support, connects the flasher/capacitor unit to the flash circuit board. In another embodiment, a securing portion comprising a pair of rails disposed on the flasher/capacitor unit, secures the flasher/capacitor unit to the flash circuit board, where the rails ride along opposite sides of a projecting portion of the flash circuit board.

Abstract: A method for selectively obtaining any one of an anhydrate, a 1/2 hydrate, a 1 hydrate, and a 3/2 hydrate of 7-?(7-(S)-amino-5-azaspiro?2.4!heptan-5-yl!-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1-?(1R,2S)-2 -fluorocyclopropyl!-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid is disclosed, comprising treating the compound in an aqueous solvent or water or recrystallizing the compound from an aqueous solvent or water.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)acetamide derivative useful as a cerebral function improving agent is disclosed, comprising reacting a halogenoacetamide derivative with substituted or unsubstituted 2-pyrrolidinone, the halogenoacetamide derivative being prepared by reacting an amine and a halogenoacetyl chloride. High yields of the intermediate compound as well as the final product are attained at low cost.

Abstract: A grinding apparatus with electrolytic in-process dressing suitable for grinding a planar or spherical surface. An electrode is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the work holder such that a gap of a predetermined size is left between the electrode and the grinding surface of the grinder. A power supply is connected to apply a voltage between the electrode serving as a cathode and the grinder serving as an anode. A weak-electric coolant is supplied to the space between the grinder and the electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method of machining optical components such as lens is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an optical raw stock or material, a rotatable holding shaft for holding the optical raw stock, a machining tool having a machining surface thereof held by a rotatable machining shaft and arranged opposite to a surface to be machined of the optical raw stock, an electrically conductive tool as the machining tool, an electrode arranged at a certain distance from the machining surface of the conductive tool, an electrolytic power supply source for applying a positive voltage to the conductive tool and a negative voltage therefrom to the electrode, respectively, and a coolant supplying unit having a nozzle and for spraying weakly conductive coolant between the conductive tool and the electrode, thereby performing the machining of the optical raw stock or material.