Abstract: Complex tungsten oxide particles include complex tungsten oxide represented by a general formula: MxWyOz (where, the M element is at least one element selected from the group consisting of alkali metal elements, alkaline earth metal elements, rare earth elements, Mg, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, B, F, P, S, Se, Br, Te, Ti, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, Re, Be, Hf, Os, Bi, and I; W is tungsten; O is oxygen; 0.20?x/y?0.37; and 2.2?z/y?3.3). A crystal system of the complex tungsten oxide is hexagonal. An STEM-HAADF image observation of the complex tungsten oxide particles at incidence includes a spot in a number ratio of 0.01% or greater and 10% or less, where the spot is a spot at which a value of a Z-contrast of tungsten atoms is reduced to be 95% or lower of an average value of the Z-contrast of tungsten atoms.

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel injection valve (1) is provided which suppresses overshoot and overshoot return, and reduces fluid pressure acting on a valve body (6) as much as possible. In the electromagnetic fuel injection valve (1), lift of the valve body (6) to valve opening position performed against urging force of a return spring (7) in accordance with excitation of a coil is achieved by settling overshoot and overshoot return caused at that time. A small pitch part (16) of the return spring (7) exhibits a totally compressed state when lift amount of the valve body (6) is equal to or greater than a first lift amount smaller than valve opening lift amount corresponding to the valve opening position. A large pitch part (18) acts when the lift amount is equal to or greater than a second lift amount which is ½ or less of the valve opening lift amount.

Abstract: With respect to electromagnetic wave absorbing particles that contain a composite oxide, the composite oxide includes an element A that is one or more elements selected from H, an alkali metal, Mg, and an alkaline earth metal, and an element B that is one or more elements selected from V, Nb, and Ta, wherein a relationship of 0.001?x/y?1.5 is satisfied when an amount of substance of the element A contained in the composite oxide is x and an amount of substance of the element B is y.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave absorbing particle dispersoid is provided that includes at least electromagnetic wave absorbing particles and a thermoplastic resin, wherein the electromagnetic wave absorbing particles contain hexagonal tungsten bronze having oxygen deficiency, wherein the tungsten bronze is expressed by a general formula: MxWO3-y (where one or more elements M include at least one or more species selected from among K, Rb, and Cs, 0.15?x?0.33, and 0<y?0.46), and wherein oxygen vacancy concentration NV in the electromagnetic wave absorbing particles is greater than or equal to 4.3×1014 cm?3 and less than or equal to 8.0×1021 cm?3.

Abstract: Electromagnetic wave absorbing particles are provided that include hexagonal tungsten bronze having oxygen deficiency, wherein the tungsten bronze is expressed by a general formula: MxWO3-y(where one or more elements M include at least one or more species selected from among K, Rb, and Cs, 0.15?x?0.33, and 0<y?0.46), and wherein oxygen vacancy concentration Nv in the electromagnetic wave absorbing particles is greater than or equal to 3×1014 cm?3 and less than or equal to 8.0×1021 cm?3.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave absorbing laminated transparent base material includes a plurality of sheets of transparent base materials; and an electromagnetic wave absorbing particle dispersoid including at least electromagnetic wave absorbing particles and a thermoplastic resin. The electromagnetic wave absorbing particles contain hexagonal tungsten bronze having oxygen deficiency. The tungsten bronze is expressed by a general formula: MxWO3?y (where one or more elements M include at least one or more species selected from among K, Rb, and Cs, 0.15?x?0.33, and 0<y?0.46). Oxygen vacancy concentration NV in the electromagnetic wave absorbing particles is greater than or equal to 4.3×1014 cm?3 and less than or equal to 8.0×1021 cm?3. The electromagnetic wave absorbing particle dispersoid is arranged between the plurality of sheets of the transparent base materials.

Abstract: There is provided a heat-ray shielding film mainly composed of polyvinyl acetal resin and capable of exhibiting excellent heat shielding properties, and a heat-ray shielding transparent laminated base material using the heat-ray shielding film, the heat-ray shielding film including: a compound having a heat-ray shielding function; a selective wavelength absorbing material; polyvinyl acetal resin, and a plasticizer; wherein the selective wavelength absorbing material has a transmittance profile in which a transmittance of a light having a wavelength of 550 nm is 90% or more, and a transmittance of a light having a wavelength of 450 nm is 40% or less.

Abstract: Methods for providing new transparent near infrared absorptive fine particles having a wide range of near infrared absorption, which are an assembly of hexaboride fine particles, where when a particle shape of the number of particles contained in the assembly is approximately regarded as a spheroid body, there are 20% or more and less than 80% of particles having an aspect ratio [(long axis length)/(short axis length)] of 1.5 or more and less than 5.0, and there are 20% or more and less than 80% of particles having an aspect ratio of 5.0 or more and less than 20.0.

Abstract: A heat ray shielding film is disclosed, including composite tungsten oxide particles; and an ionomer resin. The composite tungsten oxide particles are expressed by a general formula MxWOy (where M denotes one or more kinds of elements selected from Cs, Rb, K, Tl, In, Ba, Li, Ca, Sr, Fe, Sn, Al, Cu, and Na, and 0.1?x?0.5 and 2.2?y?3.0).

Abstract: An infrared-absorbing material is provided, the infrared-absorbing material including at least one kind of transition metal; and at least one kind of element selected from B, C, N, O, etc., as a ligand of the transition metal, wherein at a bottom part of a conduction band, a bottom band of the conduction band is formed, the bottom band of the conduction band being a band occupied by d orbitals of the transition metal or a band in which the d orbitals of the transition metal and p orbitals of the ligand are hybridized, at a top part of a valence band, a top band of the valence band is formed, the top band of the valence band being a band occupied by the p orbitals of the ligand or a band in which the p orbitals of the ligand and the d orbitals of the transition metal are hybridized, in two wavenumber directions or less, which are highly symmetric points in a Brillouin zone, the bottom band of the conduction band and the top band of the valence band are close to each other by less than 3.

Abstract: Heat ray shielding particles are provided that are composite tungsten oxide particles having a hexagonal crystal structure represented by a general formula LixMyWOz, wherein the element M in the general formula is one or more kinds of elements selected from alkaline earth metals and alkali metals other than lithium, 0.25?x?0.80, 0.10?y?0.50, and 2.20?z?3.00.

Abstract: There is provided a heat-ray shielding film including composite tungsten oxide particles; a thermoplastic resin; and a metal coupling agent, wherein the composite tungsten oxide particles are represented by a general formula MxWOy, where M is one or more elements selected from Cs, Rb, K, Tl, In, Ba, Li, Ca, Sr, Fe, Sn, Al, Cu, and Na, 0.1?x?0.5, and 2.2?y?3.0.

Abstract: There is provided a heat-ray shielding film mainly composed of polyvinyl acetal resin and capable of exhibiting excellent heat shielding properties, and a heat-ray shielding transparent laminated base material using the heat-ray shielding film, the heat-ray shielding film including: a compound having a heat-ray shielding function; a selective wavelength absorbing material; polyvinyl acetal resin, and a plasticizer; wherein the selective wavelength absorbing material has a transmittance profile in which a transmittance of a light having a wavelength of 550 nm is 90% or more, and a transmittance of a light having a wavelength of 450 nm is 40% or less.

Abstract: Electromagnetic wave absorbing particles are provided that include hexagonal tungsten bronze having oxygen deficiency, wherein the tungsten bronze is expressed by a general formula: MxWO3-y (where one or more elements M include at least one or more species selected from among K, Rb, and Cs, 0.15?x?0.33, and 0<y?0.46), and wherein oxygen vacancy concentration NV in the electromagnetic wave absorbing particles is greater than or equal to 4.3×1014 cm?3 and less than or equal to 8.0×1021 cm?3.

Abstract: There is provided an aggregate of metal fine particles, a metal fine particle dispersion liquid, a heat ray shielding film, a heat ray shielding glass, a heat ray shielding fine particle dispersion body and a heat ray shielding laminated transparent base material, having sufficient properties as a solar radiation shielding material which widely shields a heat ray component included in sunlight, and in which selectivity of a light absorption wavelength is controlled, wherein when a shape each metal fine particle is approximated to an ellipsoid, and mutually orthogonal semi-axial lengths are defined as a, b, c (a?b?c) respectively, an average, a standard deviation, and a distribution, etc., of the values of the aspect ratio a/c of the metal fine particles are in a predetermined range, and the metal is silver or a silver alloy.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave absorbing particle dispersoid is provided that includes at least electromagnetic wave absorbing particles and a thermoplastic resin, wherein the electromagnetic wave absorbing particles contain hexagonal tungsten bronze having oxygen deficiency, wherein the tungsten bronze is expressed by a general formula: MxWO3-y (where one or more elements M include at least one or more species selected from among K, Rb, and Cs, 0.15?x?0.33, and 0<y?0.46), and wherein oxygen vacancy concentration NV in the electromagnetic wave absorbing particles is greater than or equal to 4.3×1014 cm?3 and less than or equal to 8.0×1021 cm?3.

Abstract: Methods for providing new transparent near infrared absorptive fine particles having a wide range of near infrared absorption, which are an assembly of hexaboride fine particles, where when a particle shape of the number of particles contained in the assembly is approximately regarded as a spheroid body, there are 20% or more and less than 80% of particles having an aspect ratio [(long axis length)/(short axis length)] of 1.5 or more and less than 5.0, and there are 20% or more and less than 80% of particles having an aspect ratio of 5.0 or more and less than 20.0.

Abstract: By use of composite tungsten oxide particles having high heat ray-shielding effect while mainly composed of polyvinyl acetal resin, a heat ray-shielding particle is provided, having excellent optical performance and high weather resistance, which includes composite tungsten oxide particle expressed by general formula MyWOz (wherein M is one or more kinds of element selected from Cs, Rb, K, Tl, In, Ba, Li, Ca, Sr, Fe, Sn, Al, and Cu, satisfying 0.1?y?0.5, 2.2?z?3.0) and having hexagonal crystal structure; and at least one of a dispersant having acrylic backbone, having amino group as functional group, and having thermal decomposition temperature of 200° C. or more, and dispersant having acrylic backbone, having hydroxyl group or carboxyl group as functional group, and having thermal decomposition temperature of 200° C. or more, wherein content of organic solvent having boiling point of 120° C. or less is 5 mass % or less.

Abstract: An infrared-absorbing material is provided, the infrared-absorbing material including at least one kind of transition metal; and at least one kind of element selected from B, C, N, O, etc., as a ligand of the transition metal, wherein at a bottom part of a conduction band, a bottom band of the conduction band is formed, the bottom band of the conduction band being a band occupied by d orbitals of the transition metal or a band in which the d orbitals of the transition metal and p orbitals of the ligand are hybridized, at a top part of a valence band, a top band of the valence band is formed, the top band of the valence band being a band occupied by the p orbitals of the ligand or a band in which the p orbitals of the ligand and the d orbitals of the transition metal are hybridized, in two wavenumber directions or less, which are highly symmetric points in a Brillouin zone, the bottom band of the conduction band and the top band of the valence band are close to each other by less than 3.

Abstract: In the interior of a resin mold portion that constitutes a fuel injection valve, an amplifying member to which a power source terminal and a signal terminal are connected, is provided. A signal transmitting unit, which outputs a detection signal from a sensor, is connected electrically to a substrate of the amplifying member. Further, the amplifying member is molded integrally when the resin mold portion is formed. In addition, a pressure inside a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, which is detected by the sensor, is output through the signal transmitting unit to the amplifying member, is amplified by the amplifying member, and is output externally from the signal terminal.