Abstract: A method of producing a phthalocyanine pigment nano-sized particle dispersion, containing: mixing a phthalocyanine compound solution of a phthalocyanine compound dissolved in an acid or a good solvent containing an acid, with an organic solvent that is a poor solvent with respect to the phthalocyanine compound, to prepare a mixed liquid in which a phthalocyanine compound crystal is formed, wherein a phthalocyanine compound crystal having one crystalline form selected from the group consisting of ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, A, B, X, Y, and R is added to the organic poor solvent or the mixed liquid, thereby producing the thus-formed phthalocyanine compound crystal having the same crystalline form as that of the added phthalocyanine compound crystal, and wherein an additive having a mass average molecular weight of 1,000 or more is incorporated therein.

Abstract: A display device includes an organic light-emitting device and red, green and blue color filter layers, wherein each of the color filter layers contains a pigment, a pigment derivative and a dispersant, the pigment contained in a colored pattern constituting the green color filter layer contains Pigment Yellow 185 and at least one of an aluminum phthalocyanine or Pigment Green 7, and the concentration of the pigment in the green filter layer is 60% or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image encoding device which does not necessitate reference of a quantization parameter between consecutive macroblocks across a parallel processing area boundary without forming slices. The image encoding device encodes a macroblock of an encoding target image by parallel processing sequentially from the top of a parallel processing area, and possesses an encoding element for every parallel processing area. When all the quantized orthogonally-transformed coefficients of a top macroblock of the parallel processing area are zero, the encoding element adds a non-zero coefficient to a part of the coefficients, making the coefficients non-zero. Accordingly, generation of a skip macroblock in the top macroblock of each parallel processing area is suppressed. Since slice formation is not necessary, the prediction over a parallel processing area boundary is applied, and encoding efficiency improves.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser comprises an active section for generating light, and a peripheral section as resonator for producing laser light from the generated light, and includes an InP substrate. The active section has a lower cladding layer formed of AlInAs or AlGaInAs, a core layer including an active layer formed of AlGaInAs or InGaAsP, and an upper cladding layer formed of AlInAs or AlGaInAs. The peripheral section has a first cladding layer formed by oxidizing AlInAs or AlGaInAs, a core layer, and a second clad layer formed by oxidizing AlInAs or AlGaInAs, and a two-dimensional photonic crystal defined by an array of regularly spaced apart holes the peripheral section.

Abstract: An engine provided with a fuel injector for directly injecting fuel into a cylinder, a spark plug positioning a spark gap in a flight path of fuel injected from the fuel injector, and a cavity formed in a piston top face, wherein at the time of stratified combustion, the fuel injector injects substantially all of the fuel in a direction merging with a tumble flow, swirling in a longitudinal direction along the cavity at the compression stroke, along the swirl direction of the tumble flow and uses the spark plug to ignite the fuel while the fuel at the end period of injection is passing through the spark gap.

Abstract: A method of producing phthalocyanine-series pigment fine particles, the method comprising: dissolving a phthalocyanine-series pigment in a good solvent added with a pigment-dispersing agent comprising a compound represented by the following formula (I), to prepare a pigment solution; and mixing the pigment solution with a solvent which is compatible with the good solvent but is a poor solvent for the phthalocyanine-series pigment, to form fine particles of the phthalocyanine-series pigment having a size in the order of nanometer: wherein Q represents a residue of an organic dye selected from anthraquinone-series dyes and the like, X represents —CO— or the like, Y1 represents —NH— or —O—, Z represents a hydroxyl group or the like, R1 and R2 each independently represent an alkyl group or the like, m represents an integer of 1 to 6, and n represents an integer of 1 to 4.

Abstract: A method of producing organic nanoparticles, comprising: mixing a solution of an organic material dissolved in a good solvent with a solvent that is compatible with the good solvent but is a poor solvent for the organic material, to prepare a dispersion in which the organic material is being formed to organic fine particles of a size in the order of nanometer; wherein the dispersion contains a polymer compound having a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000 or more represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 represents a (m+n)-valent connecting group; R2 represents a single bond or a divalent connecting group; A1 represents a specific monovalent organic group; when n is two or more, plural A1s may be the same or different; m represents 1 to 8; n represents 2 to 9; m+n is 3 to 10; and P1 represents a polymer compound residue.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a safe process for the production of tert-butyl N-(2-bromoethyl)carbamate where operation is simple, handling of the final product is easy, working efficiency is good and yield is high. A process for the production of tert-butyl N-(2-bromoethyl)carbamate, characterized in that, 2-bromoethylamine or a salt thereof is made to react with an agent for introducing a tert-butoxy carbonyl group in a water-soluble solvent in the presence of sodium hydroxide and then water as a crystallizing solvent and seed crystals are added to the reaction solution whereby crystals of tert-butyl N-(2-bromoethyl)carbamate are separated out therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a safe process for the production of tert-butyl N-(2-bromoethyl)carbamate where operation is simple, handling of the final product is easy, working efficiency is good and yield is high. A process for the production of tert-butyl N-(2-bromoethyl)carbamate, characterized in that, 2-bromoethylamine or a salt thereof is made to react with an agent for introducing a tert-butoxy carbonyl group in a water-soluble solvent in the presence of sodium hydroxide and then water as a crystallizing solvent and seed crystals are added to the reaction solution whereby crystals of tert-butyl N-(2-bromoethyl)carbamate are separated out therefrom.

Abstract: A door opening and closing apparatus for a vehicle includes a latch unit holding a vehicle door in a closed state, a lift lever operatively connected to the latch unit, an open lever operatively connected to the lift lever, a locking lever switching a locking knob between a locked stated and an unlocked state, the locking lever including a first lever connected to the open lever and a second lever connected to the first lever for relative rotation with a predetermined angle, the second lever operated by a locking actuator, a biasing member disposed between the first lever and the second lever to bias the second lever in a direction of an original position, and an outside lever including an outside handle lever connected to the outside handle and a release lever connected to the lift lever and operated by a release actuator.

Abstract: An optical wavelength converter includes: a first branch passage and a second branch passage receiving direct current light, one of the first branch passage and the second branch passage receiving input signal light; wavelength converting semiconductor optical amplifiers inserted into the first branch passage and the second branch passage, respectively; and a signal amplifying semiconductor optical amplifier for amplifying the input signal light, which is coupled with a port through which the input signal light is input to one of the first branch passage and the second branch passage. In the optical wavelength converter, differential gain of the signal amplifying semiconductor optical amplifier at a wavelength of the input signal light is less than differential gain of the wavelength converting semiconductor optical amplifier at the wavelength of the direct current light.

Abstract: An optical device for optical communication includes a first main electrode disposed between a first splitter and a second splitter on a first arm. A first auxiliary electrode is disposed between the second splitter and a third splitter on the first arm. A second main electrode and a second auxiliary electrode are disposed between a third splitter and a fourth splitter on a second arm. The second main electrode is provided on the second arm at the first port side, and the second auxiliary electrode is provided on the second arm at the second port side. By such disposition of the first and second auxiliary electrodes, input signal light applied through a third port or a fourth port acts on the first main electrode prior to the first and second auxiliary electrodes. Therefore, the input signal light will not be affected by the first and second auxiliary electrodes.

Abstract: In a gain-coupled distributed feedback semiconductor laser, a coating of a low reflectivity is provided on a front facet from which laser light is emitted and a coating of a high reflectivity is provided on a rear facet, thus forming asymmetric coatings. The semiconductor laser has a structure in which an absorption diffraction grating is located along an optical waveguide, and the diffraction grating includes a phase shift region.

Abstract: An optical wavelength converter includes: a first branch passage and a second branch passage receiving direct current light, one of the first branch passage and the second branch passage receiving input signal light; wavelength converting semiconductor optical amplifiers inserted into the first branch passage and the second branch passage, respectively; and a signal amplifying semiconductor optical amplifier for amplifying the input signal light, which is coupled with a port through which the input signal light is input to one of the first branch passage and the second branch passage. In the optical wavelength converter, differential gain of the signal amplifying semiconductor optical amplifier at a wavelength of the input signal light is less than differential gain of the wavelength converting semiconductor optical amplifier at the wavelength of the direct current light.

Abstract: There are provided a resin film being excellent in blocking resistance, scratch resistance, transparency, water resistance and chemical resistance and a member having the resin film as an outermost layer. The resin film comprises a vinylidene fluoride (VdF) copolymer and an acrylic polymer as essential components, in which a heat of fusion of crystal derived from the VdF copolymer in the resin film is from 15 to 30 J/g when measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and light transmittance (light transmittance at 600 nm of 50 ?m thick resin film) is not less than 85%. The member has the resin film as an outermost layer.

Abstract: A lightsensitive material package contains a silver halide color photographic lightsensitive material and a plastic material member. The photographic lightsensitive material has at least one red-sensitive, at least one green-sensitive and at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a support. The plastic material member is constituted of a thermoplastic reclaimed resin. The photographic lightsensitive material and the plastic material member are arranged in a common gas-phase atmosphere and sealed in the package. 60% or more of the total projected area of silver halide grains contained in at least one of the red-, green- and blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers is occupied by tabular grains having an aspect ratio of 8.0 or more. The plastic material member is that produced from a resin to which a substance capable of adsorbing a substance having an adverse effect on a photographic property has been supplementally added prior to molding thereof.

Abstract: An optical device for optical communication includes a first main electrode disposed between a first splitter and a second splitter on a first arm. A first auxiliary electrode is disposed between the second splitter and a third splitter on the first arm. A second main electrode and a second auxiliary electrode are disposed between a third splitter and a fourth splitter on a second arm. The second main electrode is provided on the second arm at the first port side, and the second auxiliary electrode is provided on the second arm at the second port side. By such disposition of the first and second auxiliary electrodes, input signal light applied through a third port or a fourth port acts on the first main electrode prior to the first and second auxiliary electrodes. Therefore, the input signal light will not be affected by the first and second auxiliary electrodes.

Abstract: An integrated surface emitting laser and light amplifier element having a high power output, and a large variable wavelength includes a surface light emitting laser having an active layer between two reflection films facing each other and a light amplifier including an amplifying active layer for amplifying a laser beam produced by the surface light emitting laser. The surface light emitting laser and the light amplifier are integrated on the same substrate.

Abstract: There are provided a resin film being excellent in blocking resistance, scratch resistance, transparency, water resistance and chemical resistance and a member having the resin film as an outermost layer. The resin film comprises a vinylidene fluoride (VdF) copolymer and an acrylic polymer as essential components, in which a heat of fusion of crystal derived from the VdF copolymer in the resin film is from 15 to 30 J/g when measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and light transmittance (light transmittance at 600 nm of 50 ?m thick resin film) is not less than 85%. The member has the resin film as an outermost layer.

Abstract: A wavelength-tunable semiconductor optical device includes a resonator-dedicated semiconductor laser having a waveguide structure formed on a semiconductor substrate (11) and a movable mirror (4) movable in the direction of a resonator length of the semiconductor laser. The movable mirror is provided on one end face (2a) of the waveguide of the semiconductor laser. A resonator length of the semiconductor laser is varied in accordance with a movement amount of the movable mirror, so that a laser oscillation wavelength is rendered tunable. The movable mirror is formed of a pair of thin metal films (4a, 4b) opposing each other via an air gap (4d).